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Chifukwa Chiyani Kusiyiratu Kusuta Sitidzathetse Kufa kwa Khansa?Ambiri a ife takhumudwitsidwa posachedwa, mabungwe omwe amatanthauza kuti asuta fodya ndikuyang'ana mwakuya kwa mwezi wodziwitsa khansa ya m'mapapo. Ndithudi, kulimbikitsa anthu kuti asayambe, ndipo kusiya ngati akusuta, ndi kokoma. Ndipo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, kusiya kumatha kusintha. Komabe mwezi wa kuzindikira za khansa ya m'mapapo ikhale ndi cholinga chosiyana.
Kufalitsa uthenga wokhudzana ndi kusuta fodya sikungathandize kwenikweni anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo lero. Miyezi isanu atalandira khansa ya m'mapapo, anthu 14 pa anthu 100 alionse amene ali ndi matendawa ndi osuta . Kuganizira za kusuta fodya ndikofanana ndi kupanga khansa ya m'mawere ya m'mawere ponse ponena za amayi kuti ayenera kukhala ndi mwana wawo woyamba asanakwanitse zaka 30 (kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere.) Mwezi wozindikira uyenera kukhala wothandiza anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa, osati za kukambirana zomwe zimayambitsa.
Mwezi wozindikiritsa uyeneranso kukhala wokhudzana ndi ndalama zopangira chithandizo chabwino. Anthu omwe adasuta kale sadzapindule ndi chiganizo cha zomwe adachita mosiyana zaka 20 zapitazo. Mmalo mwake, amafunikira chithandizo masiku ano. Ndipo chifukwa chosuta fodya - si zachilendo kuganizira za khansa ya m'mapapo mwa osuta fodya ndiyo nambala 6 yomwe imayambitsa matenda a kansa ku US - izi zimapangitsa mwezi kukhala wokondwerera miyoyo yawo yopanda ntchito.
Anthu ena angakhale osakayikira, koma werengani pa zifukwa zina chifukwa mwezi wodziwitsa khansa ya m'mapapo sayenera kusuta fodya ngati cholinga chachikulu.
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Ambiri a Anthu Amene Ali ndi Khansa Yam'mimba Ndi Osuta FodyaKhansara ya m'magazi ndiyo yomwe imayambitsa matenda a khansa kwa amuna ndi akazi ku United States. Khansara ya m'magazi imapha amayi ambiri omwe ali ndi khansara ya m'mawere ndi amuna atatu omwe ali ndi kansa ya prostate. Kusuta ndiko chifukwa chachikulu cha kansalu yaing'ono komanso osapangidwira ya khansa yamapapu ndipo imapereka 80 peresenti ndi 90 peresenti ya imfa ya khansa yamapapu mwa amayi ndi amuna, motero. Amuna omwe amasuta amakhala ndi mwayi wambiri wokhala ndi kansa ya m'mapapo. Akazi omwe amasuta amapezeka nthawi 13, poyerekeza ndi osuta fodya. Pakati pa 2005 ndi 2010, pafupifupi 130,659 Amerika (amuna 74,300 ndi akazi 56,359) anafa chifukwa cha kusuta-khansa ya m'mapapo ya chaka chilichonse chaka chilichonse. Kuphatikizidwa ndi utsi wochuluka kwambiri kumayambitsa pafupifupi 7,330 khansa ya m'mapapo ya m'mapapo pakati pa osasuta chaka chilichonse. Anthu osuta nsomba amakhala ndi mwayi wapakati pa 20 mpaka 30 peresenti yokhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ngati atsimikiza kuti amasuta fodya kunyumba kapena ntchito.
Ndikofunika kudziŵa kuti ziŵerengero za posachedwapa zikusonyeza kuti ambiri-pafupifupi 60 peresenti ya anthu-omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ndi osuta fodya . Izi zimaphatikizapo anthu omwe amasuta nthawi ina, komanso osuta fodya. Ku United States, amayi 20 pa 100 ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo sakhala akusuta, ndipo nambala imeneyo ikukwera kwa 50 peresenti ya amayi omwe ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo padziko lonse.
Nambala monga 20 peresenti ingaoneke ngati yaying'ono mpaka mutayang'ana ziwerengerozo.
Ndipo ngakhale kuti pafupifupi 30 peresenti mpaka 40 peresenti ya anthu amasuta panthawi yochidziwitso, anthu 14 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapu akusuta miyezi 5 atatha kupeza.
M'mawu ena, odwala ambiri osasuta panthawi ya matenda a khansa ya m'mapapo ndi omwe amasuta fodya ndipo amasiya kale kusuta asanatuluke. Pa chifukwa ichi, anthu ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mapapo lero sangapindule ndi kumva za ngozi za kusuta fodya. Cholinga ichi sichithandiza chifukwa chakuti kale asiya kusuta, ndipo zimatulutsa kufalikira kwa khansara yamapapo ngati matenda osuta omwe nthawi zina sakhala owona. Mwamwayi, ngakhale osuta fodya sakanakhala akugonjetsedwa ndi masewera awa. Khala ndi khansa ya m'mawere? Chabwino. Anthu amachita mwachikondi ndikufunsa momwe angakuthandizireni. Kodi khansa ya m'mapapo? Anadzutsa nsidze pamodzi ndi kusiyana kosiyana kwa funso, "Unasuta utali wotani?"
Pali zifukwa zambiri kuti kukhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo kungakhale kovuta kuposa kukhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere . Tiyeni tisaphatikizepo manyazi a kusuta ku zovuta izi.
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Pali Zifukwa Zina za Khansa Yam'mimbaNgakhale kuti fodya inali isanatulukepo pa dziko lapansi, tidzakhala ndi kansa ya m'mapapo. Inde, kusuta ndikowongolera chifukwa cha khansa yamapapo, koma zimayambitsa zina osati kusuta ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti chiwerengerocho chikuwoneka ngati chaching'ono-amayi 20 peresenti omwe amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo sakhala osuta-izi zikutanthawuza ku gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu mwa azimayi 71,660 omwe amafa khansa ya m'mapapo mwa amayi omwe amayembekezeredwa mu 2015.
Kuwonetseredwa kwa Radon panyumba ndi khansa yachiwiri yomwe imayambitsa khansa ya m'mapapo ndi nthenda imodzi ya khansa ya m'mapapo mwa osuta fodya. Anthu pafupifupi 21,000 amafa ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ya rasioni chaka chilichonse, ndipo izi zimakhala zotetezedwa kwathunthu. Kutenga kachipangizo ka radon ku sitolo ya hardware yomwe ili ndi ndalama zoposa 10, ndipo kukhala ndi kuchepetsa radoni kumachitika ngati mayeserowa ndi osowa, ndizofunikira zonse.
Kuyika manambalawa moyenera kungathandize. Azimayi okwana 39,000 amafa chifukwa cha khansa ya m'mawere mu 2015. Ngati tinali ndi $ 10 kuti tione ngati pali vuto, komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ndalama zochepa zomwe zingathetsere theka la kufa kwa khansa ya m'mawere, kodi mukuganiza kuti anamva? Chifukwa chiyani anthu sadziwa za izi? Ikubwerera kumbuyo kwa nkhaniyi; tikuika kuunika kwa chidziwitso cha khansa yamapapo pa kusuta fodya, ndipo pakutero, akusiya anthu ndi chitsimikizo chenichenicho kuti zonse ziri bwino ngati simusuta.
Palinso zifukwa zina zoyenera kutchulidwa, kuchokera ku zowonongeka kwa mpweya mpaka kuwonongeka kwa mpweya wamkati, kusuta utsi , kuopsa kwa ntchito . Musaganize kuti muli otetezeka ngati simunasute fodya. Phunzirani za zifukwa zina za khansa ya m'mapapo mwa osuta fodya komanso zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu.
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Anthu Amene Amasiya Kusuta Ali PangoziKusiya kusuta kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo, koma kwa ambiri, ngozi ina imakhalabebe. Mawerengedwe omaliza omwe amatsimikizira izi. Palinso anthu ena omwe poyamba ankasuta fodya omwe amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo chaka chilichonse kusiyana ndi osuta fodya .
Ngati mumasuta kale, musavutike. Pambuyo pa zaka 10 za kusiya, chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo chicheperachepera 30 peresenti kufika 50 peresenti. Palinso njira zina zochepetsera chiopsezo chanu chofa ndi khansara yamapapo.
Njira imodzi ndi yochepetsera khansa ya m'mapapo ya CT yamapiko . Ngakhale kuyang'ana sikutchepetse mwayi kuti mutenge kansa ya m'mapapo, imapangitsa mwayi kuti ngati mukukula khansa ya m'mapapo, mudzapezako muyeso yambiri ya matendawa. Akulingalira kuti kuyang'ana anthu omwe ali pangozi kungachepetse chiwerengero cha kufa kwa khansa ya m'mapapo ndi 20 peresenti ku United States. Kuwunika pakali pano kulimbikitsidwa kwa anthu a zaka zapakati pa 55 ndi 80, omwe ali ndi mbiri ya zaka 30 za kusuta, ndikupitirizabe kusuta kapena kusiya zaka 15 zapitazo. Nthaŵi zina, kuyang'anitsitsa kungakonzedwe kwa anthu ena pogwiritsa ntchito zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya m'mapapo .
Kuwonjezera apo, kufufuza kuyang'ana pa zolimbitsa thupi ndi khansa ya m'mapapo komanso zakudya ndi khansa ya m'mapapo zimati pali zinthu zina zomwe anthu opanda ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapo angathe kuchita kuchepetsa ngozi.
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Anthu Otsutsana ndi Omwe Amayamba KugonjetsedwaChikondi changa cha khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe ndimapezeka, ndi pamene opulumuka khansa ya m'mapapo akugawana nkhani yawo. Nthawi yapadera, koma o kwambiri. Nthawi ndi nthawi anthu amagawana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azindikire - nthawi zambiri maulendo ochezera, ndi madokotala angapo, pa miyezi yambiri, panthawi yomwe amapezeka ndi chirichonse kuchokera ku matenda a asthma kupita ku Lyme.
Ntchentche za khansa ya m'magazi pansi pa pulogalamu ya radon kwa akatswiri ambiri a zaumoyo, makamaka khansara yamapapo muzisuta fodya ndi khansa ya m'mapapo kwa achinyamata . Pa chifukwa chimenechi, ambiri amapezeka ngati khansara yamapapu yayamba kale kufalikira, ndipo mwayi wa mankhwala ndi opaleshoni wadutsa. Ndipotu, achinyamata achikulire komanso osuta fodya amawoneka kuti ali pachilombo cha matendawa.
Mpaka tidzakhala ndi chida chowonetsera khansa yamapapo, ndizofunikira kwa akatswiri azaumoyo ndi odwala, kuzindikira kuti zonse zomwe mukufunikira kuti mupeze khansa ya m'mapapo ndi mapapu. Zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo zingakhale zosiyana kwa osuta fodya kuposa osuta , ndipo khansa ya m'mapapo mwa amayi nthawi zambiri imasiyana ndi zizindikiro za amuna. Khalani mtsogoleri wanu. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe sizikufotokozedwa bwino, funsani tsatanetsatane wabwino kapena lingaliro lachiwiri. Ngati tifuna kupeza khansa ya m'mapapo mwamsanga, tifunika kuthetsa bodza lakuti khansara yamapapo ndi matenda a fodya. Ndilo gawo la mwezi wa kuzindikira khansa ya m'mapapo.
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Anthu Otsutsana ndi Achipongwe ndi Kafukufuku WatsopanoKunyada kwa khansa yamapapu kumabweretsa zofufuza zochepa. Ndalama zapadera za khansa ya m'mawere zimaposa za khansa ya m'mapapo kwambiri, monga momwe Susan G. Komen akusonyezera kuti ndi mawu a pakhomo ndi zibiso pinki zomwe zimazindikiritsidwa kwambiri. Ndi angati omwe angatchule dzina lalikulu kwambiri losapindula ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, ndipo ndi angati omwe amadziwa ngakhale mtundu wa khansara ya m'mapapo ?
Ndalama zapagulu zimathandizanso kumbuyo kwa khansara yamapapo, ndipo izi ndi zofunika chifukwa ndalama zimatanthauza madola omwe amatanthawuzira kafukufuku. Mu 2012, ndalama zofufuza za federal zinaphatikizapo madola 26,398 pa moyo umene wataya khansa ya m'mawere, pafupifupi $ 1,442 pa moyo wodwala khansa ya m'mapapo. Nthawi zambiri ndimadzifunsa kuti chiwerengero cha khansa ya m'mapapo chidzakhala chiyani ngati ndalama zofanana ndi kafukufuku zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito monga kale ndi khansa ya m'mawere.
Nchifukwa chiyani ndalama zikuchepa kwambiri, nanga n'chifukwa chiyani ochita kafukufuku samadzipereka ku khansara yamapapo? Kunyada. Pali mawu osawoneka, osamvekedwa akuti, "Anthu awa amasuta kuti ayenere kukhala ndi khansa." Palibe amene amayenera kukhala ndi kansa ya m'mapapo, kaya amasuta fodya kapena wosuta moyo wonse. Kupanga kusuta kusokoneza cholinga cha chidziwitso cha khansa yamapapo kumangowonjezera tsankho ndi kusiyana.
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Anthu Otsutsana ndi Omwe Amachita Zomwe Akufufuza Pofufuza Zomwe ZimayambitsaNdinayerekezera imfa ndi khansara ya m'mawere, kuyambira khansa ya m'mawere.
Izi zingatengedwe patsogolo. Ndinawerenga maphunziro ndikuyang'ana zomwe zingayambitse khansa ya m'mawere, komanso zakudya ndi zina zomwe zingachepetse chiopsezo. Ndizochepa ndikapeza maphunziro ofanana ndikuyang'ana khansa ya m'mapapo.
Kodi n'chiyani chikuchititsa khansa ya m'mapapo mwa osuta fodya? Nchifukwa chiyani khansara yamapapu ikukwera achinyamata, osasuta akazi?
Tiyenera kusintha nkhope ya khansa ya m'mapapo, kuti tiyambe kuyang'ana mayankho omwe angatheke ku mafunso awa.
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Khansa Yam'mimba Ndiyowonjezera Achinyamata OsasutaAmbiri a ife tawerenga nkhanizi m'zaka zaposachedwapa. Khansara ya m'mimba mwa amuna tsopano ikucheperachepera ku United States, pamene akaziwa adachotsedwa. Komabe palinso gulu limodzi lomwe khansa ya m'mapapo ikukula mofulumira. Achinyamata, osasuta konse.
Azimayiwa amafunika kufunsa mafunso okhudzana ndi kusuta kwawo, kapena kuti, "Kodi makolo anu amasuta mukamakula?"
Nchifukwa chiyani ife sitingawachitire akazi awa momwe timachitira akazi ndi khansa ya m'mawere mu October? Khansa ya m'mimba si "matenda a fodya." Wina ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo angakhale mayi ako kapena mwana wako wamkazi kapena mlongo wako kapena azakhali ako.
Azimayi awa akuyenerera kudziwa kuti sakuchotsedwa chifukwa cha matenda a fodya, pomwe akulimbana ndi tsankho.
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Phunziro la Mwezi Wodziwitsa KhansaChabwino. Choncho kutha kwa kusuta sikuyenera kukhala kokha koyambirira kwa mwezi wa kuzindikira khansa ya m'mapapo. Kodi chiyenera kukhala chiani pakati pa kuzindikira?
Chiwerengero chimodzi chiyenera kukhala chithandizo. Munthu aliyense yemwe ali ndi khansara yamapapu - mosasamala kanthu za mbiri ya fodya - amayenera chikondi chathu, chifundo, ndi chisamaliro chabwino chotheka. Ganizirani momwe amayi amachitira akamapitilira mwezi wa kuzindikira khansa ya m'mawere, momwe amachitira zikondwerero, momwe akukumbutsidwa kuti kafukufuku akuchitidwa kuti apange kusiyana. Ngati simukudziwa zomwe munganene, onani ndondomeko izi pa zinthu zomwe simuyenera kunena kwa wina yemwe ali ndi khansara yamapapu . Kodi mungamuchitire bwanji mnzanu kapena wokonda khansa ya m'mapapo mosiyana, ngati ali ndi kansa ya m'mawere m'malo mwake?
Nambala ziwiri ziyenera kukhala za kuzindikira. Osasuta fodya monga izi zimachitika kulikonse chaka chonse. M'malo mwake adziwa kuti khansara yamapapo imapezeka mwa osuta fodya ndipo kudziwa zizindikiro zoyambirira kungapangitse kusiyana. Anthu amene amasuta kale ayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wophunzira njira zowonetsera.
Ndipo monga mwezi wa chidziwitso cha khansa ya m'mawere imabweretsa ndalama zowonjezera, mwezi wodziwitsa khansa ya m'mapapo iyenso iyenera kukhala nthawi yophunzitsa ndi kulimbikitsa omwe ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo pa zitukuko zatsopano, pamene akupereka ndalama kuti apite patsogolo.
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Mawu Okhudza Kusuta ndi Khansa Yam'mimbaKuyankhula za kulekanitsa mwezi wodziwitsa khansa ya m'mapapo kuchokera ku kusuta sikuyenera kusuta kusuta monga chifukwa cha khansara yamapapo. Ndi.
Kwa anthu ochepa omwe amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo omwe amasuta, kusiya ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri, ndipo mwina chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe aliyense angachite kuti apulumuke. Onani zifukwa izi 10 zotsalira kusuta fodya pambuyo pa matenda a khansa . Kusiya kusuta pambuyo pozindikira kuti khansa ya m'mapapo imapangitsa kuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo cha khansa, kumapangitsa kukhala ndi khalidwe labwino, komanso kumapulumuka.
Kwa iwo omwe alibe khansa ya m'mapapo, kusiya sikuti kungachepetse vuto la khansa ya m'mapapo, koma kumapangitsa kukhala ndi moyo m'njira zina. Kuwonjezera pa khansa ya m'mapapo, pali khansa zambiri zomwe zimayenderana ndi kusuta , ndi zina zambiri zachipatala zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kusuta.
Kusiya Chosuta Chophimba Bokosi ndizothandiza kwaulere kukuthandizani kusonkhanitsa zipangizo zomwe mukufunikira kuti mupambane posiya chizolowezicho.
Koma kumbukirani kuti mfundo izi zokhudzana ndi kusuta ndi khansa zinaikidwa pamapeto pa chifukwa. Amagwira ntchito kwa anthu owerengeka okha omwe amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo lero.
Zotsatira:
Amato, D. et al. Kusuta Fodya Kungayambitse Odwala Matenda a Khansa Yopulumuka. Journal of Thoracic Oncology . 2015. 10 (7): 1014-9.
American Cancer Society. Khansa Zoona ndi Ziwerengero za 2015. Zinapezeka pa 06/08/15. http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@editorial/documents/document/acspc-044552.pdf
Association of Lung America. Khansa Yam'mimba. Inapezeka pa 11/27/15. http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/lung-cancer/
American Society of Clinical Oncology. Khansa.net Kugwiritsa Ntchito Fodya Pa Chithandizo cha Khansa. 04/2012. http://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/prevention-and-healthy-living/tobacco-use/tobacco-use-during-cancer-treatment
Amato, D. et al. Kusuta Fodya Kungayambitse Odwala Matenda a Khansa Yopulumuka. Journal of Thoracic Oncology . 2015. 10 (7): 1014-9.
Kodilader, N., Noone, A., Krapcho, M., Garshell, J., Miller, D., Altekruse, S., Kosary, C., Yu, M., Ruhl, J., Tatalovich, Z., Mariotto, A., Lewis, D., Chen, H., Feuer, E., ndi A. Cronin (eds). SEER ZOCHITA ZOCHITA KAGWIRIZO, 1975-2012, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, yochokera ku November 2014, kuwonetseratu deta, kutumizidwa ku webusaiti ya SEER, April 2015. http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2012/
National Cancer Institute. Statistics za khansa. Kusinthidwa 03/14/16. http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/what-is-cancer/statistics
National Cancer Institute. Matenda a Khansa Kuteteza (PDQ). Kusinthidwa 05/12/15. http://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/patient/lung-prevention-pdq#section/_12
National Cancer Institute. Kusuta mu Kansa Kusamalira - Zaumoyo Ogwira ntchito. Inapezeka pa 08/01/15. http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco/smoking-cessation-hp-pdq#section/_1
Parsons, A. et al. Kusokonekera kwa kusuta fodya pambuyo pozindikira kuti khansa ya mapapo ya mapapo akuyambira pazizindikiro: kuwonetseratu mwatsatanetsatane kafukufuku wotsatila. British Medical Journal BMJ2010: 340: b5569. Lofalitsidwa pa Intaneti 21 January 2010.