Pneumothorax ndi Mitundu Yina ya Kutuluka kwa Air
Kodi Pneumothorax ndi chiyani?
Pneumothorax ndi mtundu wa mapapu otayika kumene mpweya umasonkhanitsa mkati mwa chifuwa, pakati pa mapapo ndi khoma la chifuwa. Pneumothorax, yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa "pneumo," ikhoza kukhala yofatsa kapena yoipa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya.
Pneumothorax ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi mpweya womwe umalowa mu chifuwa kunja kwa thupi kapena m'mapapo okha.
Mu NICU, ziphuphu zambiri zimachitika pamene mpweya wochokera m'mapapo umatuluka. Pneumothorax ndi mtundu umodzi wokha wa mpweya. Ngati mpweya umapita kwinakwake kupatula chifuwa, mpweya umakhala ndi dzina losiyana.
Kodi Chimachititsa Bwanji Pneumothorax?
Pneumothorax kapena mpweya wina umachoka pamene alveoli , timagulu ting'onoting'ono ta mpweya m'mapapo pomwe mpweya wa carbon ndi carbon dioxide umasinthasintha. Mbalameyi ikatuluka, mpweya umatha ndipo imayambitsa mpweya.
Ana ali ndi mapapo amphamvu kwambiri, ndipo zinthu zambiri zingapangitse mwana kutenga chiopsezo cha pneumothorax kapena mpweya wina. Ngakhale ana ena ali pangozi yaikulu kuposa ena, mwana aliyense wakhanda angapange pneumo monga mapapu awo atakula atabereka. Zowopsa zomwe zimapatsa mwana wanu mwayi waukulu wopanga pneumo ndi:
- Kubadwa msinkhu : Adani ali ndi minofu yofooka kwambiri, ndipo alveoli yawo imatha mosavuta. Ana omwe amayeza kupitirira 1500 g (3 lb 5 oz) pa kubadwa ali pangozi yaikulu.
- Thandizani kupuma pa kubadwa: Pamene ana sapuma nthawi yomweyo atabadwa, gulu lothandizira lidzagwiritsa ntchito ambu bag kapena chipangizo china kuti apume mpweya mpaka mwana atayamba kupuma. Ngakhale kuli kofunika, kuthandizira kupuma kumeneku kungayambitse pneumo.
- Kutsegula mpweya: Ana omwe amafunikira kupuma kwachangu, kaya kuchokera ku mpweya kapena CPAP, ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha pneumo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mpweya wabwino umapangitsa mpweya kukhala m'mapapo kuti ukhale wotsekemera ndikusunga mpweya wa mwanayo.
- Cholinga cha Meconium: Ana amene amapuma mu meconium nthawi yobereka akhoza kudwala kwambiri. Meconium ikhoza kubudula mpweya, kulola mpweya kulowa koma osati kunja kwa mapapo. Kuwombera mlengalenga kungapangitse kukakamizidwa mu alveoli ndikuwapangitsa kuti ayambe kuphulika.
Kodi Pneumothorax imachitidwa bwanji?
Ngati madokotala akuganiza kuti mwana wanu ali ndi pneumo, adzachita chifuwa cha x ray pofuna kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Ngati palibe x-rayi, amatha kuwunika kupyolera mu chifuwa cha mwana (transillumination) kuti ayang'ane malo omwe mlengalenga amasonkhanitsa.
Chithandizo cha kuthamanga kwa mpweya chimadalira momwe zizindikirozo zilili zoipa komanso momwe kukula kwa mpweya kuliri. Ana omwe ali ndi zikopa zing'onozing'ono sangakhale ndi zizindikiro konse ndipo sangadye mankhwala. Kuthamanga kudzachiritsa palokha, ndipo thupi lidzabwezeretsanso mpweya.
Pneumo yaikulu ikhoza kuyambitsa mwana kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu kupuma. Mpweya wambiri ukhoza kusokoneza mtima, mitsempha yambiri yamagazi, ndi mphepo yam'mlengalenga yomwe imachokera pamalo abwino ndipo ingakhale yowopsa mwachipatala. Kuchiza kumadalira kuopsa kwa zizindikiro, ndipo kungaphatikizepo:
- Mpweya wothandizira: Nthawi zina, kupatsa mwana mphamvu ya 100% kungathandize thupi kubwezeretsa mpweya kuchokera ku pneumo. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakanthaŵi yobadwa kumene chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha ROP mu adani.
- Chotsalira cha singano: Singano yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi sirinji ikhoza kuikidwa kudzera mu khoma la chifuwa ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa mpweya umene wasonkhanitsa. Kenako singano imachotsedwa ndipo khungu limamangidwa.
- Thumba la chifuwa: Mu pneumothorax yoopsa kapena m'mimba yosakayika pa mpweya wabwino, chubu la chifuwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa mpweya mpaka mpweya utatha. Thumba la pulasitiki laling'ono lidzalowetsedwa mu chifuwa cha mwana ndipo lidzatetezedwa, kenaka likugwirizana ndi kuyamwa. Kuyamwitsa kudzachotsa mpweya pamene ukuphatikiza. Chifuwa cha chifuwa chidzachotsedwa mpweya wonse utachotsedwa ndipo mpweyawo watha.
Pambuyo pa pneumothorax amachiritsidwa, madokotala adzabwereza chifuwa cha x-ray kuti atsimikizidwe kuti chitsimechi chachiritsidwa ndipo palibe mpweya watsopano womwe wasonkhanitsa.
Zolemba:
University of Rochester Medical Center Health Encyclopedia. "Pneumothorax." Inapezeka kuchokera ku http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/Encyclopedia/Content.aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P02397
Rennie, J. (2012). Rennie & Robertson's Bookbook of Neonatology, 5th ed. Elsevier.
Litmanovitz, I. & Carlo, W. (Nov. 2008). "Malingaliro Oyembekezeka a Pneumothorax M'zigawo Zolimbitsa Mpweya." Matenda, 122 (5); E975-E979.