FAQs About Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia mu Premature Ana
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, kapena BPD, ndi mtundu wamapapo wa mapapo omwe amakhudza ana asanakwane omwe amafunikira chithandizo chakumwalira atabereka. BPD ndi mtundu wa matenda aakulu a mapapu, kapena CLD.
Mwachidule
BPD ndi zotsatira za nthawi yaitali zowonongeka kumene zimayambitsa kutupa ndi kupweteka m'mapapu a mwana. Mapapu awa amasintha zimakhala zovuta kwa ana omwe ali ndi BPD kupuma bwinobwino popanda kupuma.
Ngati muli ndi mwana wakhanda msanga ku NICU yemwe ali ndi mwezi kapena wamkulu ndipo akufunabe kuthandizira kupuma (nasal cannula, CPAP, kapena mechanical ventilation), mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi BPD.
Zizindikiro
Kupitiriza kupuma kupweteka ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha BPD. Ana omwe ali ndi BPD angafunikire mpweya wothandizira kuti mupitirize kukhala ndi okosijeni wathanzi. Kupuma mofulumira, kufalikira kwa minofu, ndi chifuwa cha chifuwa ndizofala.
Ngakhale kuti BPD imakhudza kwambiri mapapu, ikhoza kuyambitsa zizindikiro mthupi lonse. Ana omwe ali ndi BPD amafunika kugwira ntchito molimbika kuposa ana ena kupuma, komanso kuyamwitsa kapena kusungira botolo kumawapangitsa kugwira ntchito molimbika. Amawotcha kupuma kwambiri, ndikukhala ndi nthawi yovuta kudya. Chifukwa chaichi, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi thanzi monga kuperewera kolemera ndipo angayambe kusokonezeka.
Mtima ndi mapapo ali ogwirizana, ndipo mavuto m'mapapu nthawi zambiri amakhudza mtima. Matenda a mtima wa mtima monga congestive mtima failure ndi cor pulmonale angapezeke mwa makanda omwe ali ndi BPD.
Kudziwa
Musanadziwe kuti mwana wanu ali ndi BPD, madokotala ayang'ana zinthu zingapo. Mwana wanu akhoza kupezeka ndi bronchopulmonary dysplasia ngati ali:
- Mbiri ya chithandizo cha kupuma: BPD imachokera ku kuvulaza kwa mapapo omwe angachitike pamene mpweya umakakamizika kupita m'mapapu, nthawi zambiri ndi mpweya kapena mpweya wabwino (PPV). Thandizo la okosijeni likhoza kuononganso mapangidwe a mapapu.
- Kupitiriza kupuma kupweteka: Ana omwe ali ndi BPD nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kupuma kwakutali komwe kumatenga nthawi yaitali kuposa masiku 28 oyambirira a moyo kapena mpaka mwanayo akafike msinkhu wa zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu. Ana awa amapuma mofulumira, amatha kutentha, amatha kusunga mpweya wabwino wa oxygen, kapena amawoneka ngati akugwira ntchito mwamphamvu kuti apume.
- Ma X-Rays akusonyeza BPD: X-ray ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsimikizira kuti matenda a BPD akupezeka. Pa x-ray, mapapu a mwana yemwe ali ndi BPD amawoneka otenthedwa ndipo minofu ya m'mapapo ndi yowopsya kuposa yachibadwa. Mapapu amawoneka "osasamala" ndipo zomwe zimawoneka sizikhala bwino kwambiri pakapita nthawi.
Chithandizo
BPD ndi matenda aakulu, ndipo nthawi ndi mankhwala okhawo. Pamene mwana wanu akukula, adzakula minofu yatsopano yamapapu komanso zizindikiro zidzakhala bwino. Ana ena omwe ali ndi BPD kunja kwa zizindikiro zonse za matendawa nthawi yomwe amapita kusukulu, pamene ena adzakhala ndi mavuto a moyo wa m'mapapo monga a mphumu kapena matenda omwe amapezeka m'mapapo.
Pamene mwana wanu ali wamng'ono, cholinga cha chithandizo ndi kuchepetsa zizindikiro pamene mapapo amakula ndikukula. Mankhwala ochiritsira a BPD ndi awa:
- Thandizo la kupuma: Ana omwe ali ndi BPD angafunike kukhala pa oxygen yowonjezera kwa miyezi. Ana amenewa akhoza ngakhale kutulutsidwa ku NICU yomwe imafuna mpweya wokhala panyumba. Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi BPD amafunika chingwe chamkati kuti apereke oxygen atapita kwawo; zina zimafuna tracheostomy ndi mawotchi mpweya wodzaza kapena nthawi imodzi.
- Nebulizers: Nebulizer ndi makina omwe amachititsa mankhwala kukhala mphuno yomwe imapuma m'mapapo. Odwala omwe ali ndi BPD angagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa kuti asatse mapapu awo, kapena kuti asakanikize steroids kuti achepetse kutupa.
- Diuretics: Edema yamapuloni, chizindikiro cha BPD, ndi mtundu wa kutupa m'mapapu omwe amapezeka pamene madzi amadziwika m'mapapo. Maziresi ena ammapapo amatha kupangitsa kuti kukhale kovuta kupuma ndipo angapangitse BPD kukhala yovuta kwambiri. Kupereka mankhwala odzola (nthawi zina amatchedwa "mapiritsi a madzi") kungathandize kuchepetsa madzi m'mapapo ndikupangitsa kukhala kosavuta kupuma.
- Zakudya zapamwamba-kalori: Chifukwa kudya kumakhala kovuta kwa ana omwe ali ndi BPD, sangathe nthawi zonse kutenga makilogalamu okwanira kuti alemere. Madokotala angapereke chithandizo chapadera cha preemie ndi ma calories wambiri kusiyana ndi kachitidwe ka mwana kawirikawiri kapena akhoza kukhala ndi amayi kumalimbitsa mkaka wawo ndi ma calories oonjezera kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa ana omwe ali ndi BPD kuti alemere.
Zotsatira za Nthawi Zakale
Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi BPD ali ndi zizindikiro zawo ndipo amakhala ndi moyo wautali, wathanzi. Pafupifupi zaka ziwiri, bronchopulmonary dysplasia kawirikawiri yathetsa ndipo ana ang'onoang'ono ali ndi mapapu abwinobwino.
Ana ena, makamaka omwe ali ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi matendawa, akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la mapapo a nthawi yayitali. Ana omwe ali ndi BPD angakhalenso pachiopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatira za nthawi yayitali yosagwirizana ndi mapapo. Mavuto a ubongo monga kuwerenga, ubongo , ndi kuchepa kwachitukuko ndizofala kwambiri kwa ana omwe ali ndi BPD.
Care Care Home Post
Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi BPD, cholinga chanu chachikulu chitatha kuchipatala ndicho kumuthandiza kukhalabe wathanzi. Poonetsetsa kuti mwana wanu ali ndi zakudya zabwino komanso amakhalabe ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, mumathandiza mapapu anu kuti akule.
Kutenga ndi vuto lalikulu kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi BPD. Ngakhale kuzizira pang'ono kungakhale matenda oopsa a mapapu, motero onetsetsani kuti aliyense amene akukumana ndi mwana wanu amatsuka manja awo. Funsani dokotala wanu ngati mwana wanu akuyenerera kuti alandire Synagis kuti ateteze RSV , ndipo musatuluke kumalo osungirako ana aang'ono kwa nthawi yonse yomwe mungathe.
Kusunga zakudya zabwino ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa mwana wanu. Ngati mukuyamwitsa, muzisunga nthawi yonse yomwe mungathe. Kaya mukudyetsa pachifuwa kapena pathupi, onetsetsani kuti mwana wanu amapeza chakudya chokwanira kwambiri ngati n'kotheka.
Fufuzani mofulumira pa zizindikiro zoyamba za kuchedwa kwachitukuko kapena mavuto a ubongo. Kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga kungathandize kupeza zizindikiro zowoneka kuti mwana wanu sangakhale akugunda mwakuthupi kapena m'maganizo pa nthawi, ndipo angathandize mwana wanu kuti agwire anzako.
Kupewa
M'mbuyomu, adani ambiri anali ndi BPD kuchipatala. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo momwe madokotala amasamalira ana asanakwane, mlingo wa BPD wagwera kwambiri pazaka 20 zapitazo. Madokotala akuthandizira kuteteza BPD pogwiritsa ntchito zovuta zowonjezera mpweya, pogwiritsira ntchito CPAP mmalo mwa mpweya wabwino ngati kuli kotheka, komanso pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wochepa wa mpweya. Kusamalidwa kwa amayi osapatsirana kumapitilizabe, ndipo ndikuyembekeza, zotsatira zapadera izi, zokhuza kubadwa msanga zidzapitirirabe.
Zotsatira:
> Gracey, K., Talbot, D., Lankford, R., ndi Dodge, P. "Banja Lophunzitsa Buku: Kodi Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia?" Kupititsa patsogolo pa chisamaliro cha kusamalidwa. Dec. 2002. 2: 339-340.
Romanko, E. "Kusamalira Ana ndi Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Kunyumba Kwawo." Namwino waumoyo wa kumudzi. Feb. 2005. 23: 95-103.
Tropea., K. ndi Christou, H. "Njira zamakono zothandizira anthu kuti azitha kupewa ndi kuchiza Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia." International Journal of Mankhwala . Nov. 4, 2011. 2012: 9 masamba.