Kutsekemera kwa okosijeni-nthawi zina kumatchedwa O osowa, kapena mophweka, mafuta-amatanthauza momwe hemoglobin imakhudzira oxygen. Hemoglobini ndi chinthu chopangidwa m'magazi chimene chimaphatikizidwa ndi mpweya kuti chikwaniritse mwazi mwazi, ziwalo, ndi maselo a thupi. Kutentha kwa oxygen kawirikawiri kumakhala pakati pa 96 peresenti ndi 98 peresenti.
Maselo athu ofiira onse ali ndi ma molekyulu 4 a hemoglobini.
Iron, yomwe ili mu hemoglobini, ndiyo yomwe oxygen imamangirira pambuyo posiyana ndi alveoli m'mapapu ndikulowa m'mapapola. Nthaŵi zambiri hemoglobini yodzazidwa mokwanira.
Kutha kwa okosijeni kumadalira:
- Kutha kwa oxygen.
- Gasi kusinthanitsa m'mapapu: Mphamvu ya mpweya kufika ku alveoli, ndipo kamodzi mu alveoli, kufalitsa kupyolera mwa makoma a alveoli ndi capillary kuti afike maselo ofiira a magazi.
- Hemoglobini m'magazi ofiira ofiira.
- Kugwirizana kwa hemoglobini ya oxygen, mwa zina, mawu ake momwe hemoglobin yamphamvu imakhudzira mpweya.
Kuyeza Kukhazikika kwa Oxygen
Kukhazikika kwa okosijeni kumayesedwa kawirikawiri ndi:
- Magazi a m'magazi amatha: Mtengo umene umapezeka kuchokera ku magazi kapena ABG's (SaO2) umatanthauzira magazi ophera magazi, ndipo umapezeka mwa kugwiritsa ntchito magazi monga mitsempha yotchedwa radial m'kono kapena mitsempha yotchedwa femal mu groin.
- Zomwe zimapangidwira: Mtengo womwe umapezeka kuchokera ku pakhosi wamagazi pogwiritsa ntchito mapulaneti otchedwa oximetry (SpO2) kawirikawiri umasonyeza bwino momwe mungapezere magazi. Kuchulukitsa oximetry kuli ndi ubwino wokhala mayeso osasokoneza, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kafukufuku wophatikizidwa ndi chala kapena khutu kapena zigawo zina za thupi lomwe limawerenga mawonekedwe a kuwala omwe amawonetseredwa ndi magazi. Osati kokha ndi zovuta zowonjezereka zowonetsera anthu kuchipatala, koma anthu amatha kutsata zokhazokha mwa kugwiritsa ntchito teknoloji yotayika.
Kuchepetsa Kutaya kwa Oxygen
Dontho la mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wa okosijeni imatchulidwa ku deaturation, kapena hypoxemia, ndipo ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi kusintha kulikonse kapena kuwonongeka kwa mitundu yomwe ili pamwambapa.
- Kusintha kwa mpweya wokhazikika kungayambitsike ndi mpweya wochepa wa mpweya mu mpweya wouziridwa ngati m'mapiri apamwamba komanso pamene mukuuluka mu ndege.
- Mavuto ndi kusinthanitsa kwa mpweya omwe amachititsa kuchepa kwa oxygen kungaphatikizepo chilichonse chomwe chimachepetsa mpweya wa oxygen kuyenda kuchokera kunja kwa mpweya kupita ku alveoli ya matupi athu kapena panthawi yomwe mpweya umachokera ku alveoli kupita ku capillaries wa magazi .
- Kuchepetsa mpweya wa oxygen kungachepetse ndi hemoglobini m'munsi, monga kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi .
- Kusagwirizana kwa hemoglobin ya mpweya kungakhalepo pamene pali chinthu china chomwe chimaphatikiza kwambiri mphamvu ya hemoglobini kuposa oxygen, monga poizoni ya carbon monoxide imene imapanga carboxyhemoglobin.
Hypoxemia ndi Hypoxia
Mawu akuti hypoxemia ndi hypoxia amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana koma amatanthauza zinthu zosiyana. Hypoxemia ndilo liwu limene limatanthawuzira kuchepa kwa msakani wa okosijeni m'magazi. Hypoxia, nayenso, imalongosola zotsatira zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha hypoxemia.
Pamene maselo alibe oxygen yokwanira, amatha kusintha ngati kusowa kuli kochepa. Komabe, mu zofooka zazikulu, zotsatira zake ndizowonongeka kwa selo pambuyo pa selo imfa.
Hypoxia kawirikawiri imayambitsidwa ndi hypoxemia, koma ikhozanso kuchitika pamene:
- Pali kuchepa kwa magazi chifukwa pali maselo ofiira ochepa kwambiri moti magazi enieni sangatenge mpweya wokwanira m'matumba.
- Kuyenda magazi sikukwanira kotero magazi osakanizidwa sangathe kufika pamatenda.
- Matendawa sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito mwazi wowonjezera magazi omwe amaperekedwa.
- Mankhwalawa amafunikira magazi ochuluka kuposa momwe angaperekere, monga matenda aakulu.
Kuchiza Hypoxemia ndi Hypoxia Chifukwa cha Hypoxemia
Pamene mpweya wa oksijeni umakhala pansi pamtunda wina, mankhwala owonjezera a oxygen amafunika nthawi zambiri, ndipo nthawi zina amayamba kutuluka. Ndifunikanso kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa kutsekemera kwa mpweya wochepa. Kukhazikitsa chifukwa choyambitsa ndiye cholinga chachikulu cha chithandizo.
Kuchokera
- Collins, J., Rudenski, A., Gibson, J., Howard, L., ndi R. O'Driscoll. Kukhudzana ndi mpweya wokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, kukhuta, ndi wokhutira: hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve. Kupuma . 2005. DOI: 10.1183 / 20734735.001415.