Udindo monga chifukwa cha kansa yamapapo ndi wamba. Akuti pafupifupi 13 mpaka 29 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mapapo mwa amuna ndi yachiwiri kuntchito kuwonetsetsa mankhwala ndi zipangizo zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mapapo. Zambiri mwazimenezi zimatetezedwa kudzera mu kuzindikira ndi kutenga zoyenera.
Kodi Ndingadziwe Bwanji Ngati Zochitika Padzikoli Zingakwere Pangozi Yanga?
Olemba ntchito amafunika kupereka Zolemba Zachilengedwe Zopezera Mauthenga (MSDS) pa mankhwala omwe mungawonekere kuntchito.
Ndikofunika kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yowerenga izi ndikutsatira malingaliro onse otetezedwa omwe atchulidwa. Izi zanena kuti, ndi awiri peresenti ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu malonda akhala akuphunziridwa kuti azidwala matenda a khansa, ndiyo mphamvu yawo yochititsa khansara mwa anthu. Ngakhale izi ziri zokhudzana, kutenga zofunikira zoyenera kungachepetse chiopsezo chanu. Pakati pozungulira mankhwala, kuvala magolovesi, kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino ukhale woyenera, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito maski yoyenera ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti sikuti masks onse amapangidwa mofanana. Zinyama zina zimatha kupewedwa ndi dothi losavuta, pamene ena amafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya kuti asakhale ndi poizoni.
Mndandanda wa zinthu ndi ntchito zomwe zingakuike pangozi sizingatheke koma perekani mwachidule zowonjezera zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi khansara yamapapo.
Zogwira ntchito
- Arsenic imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga glassware, ceramics, fireworks, nsalu, ndi semiconductors)
- Dizilo utsi
- Mitambo ya chilengedwe - asbestosi , silika, fumbi la nkhuni
- Zitsulo - aluminium, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium
- Radoni
- Mankhwala othandizira - bis (chloromethyl) ether, mpiru wa mpiru, vinyl chloride
- Wachiwiri-manja atsire
- Mavitamini - benzene, toluene
Ntchito Zogwirizana
- Kupanga aluminium
- Ogwira ntchito ya asibesitosi
- Bartenders
- Makamera
- Mafuta a malasha
- Kupanga Coke
- Amisiri
- Magalasi opanga
- Ojambula
- Makina osindikiza
- Kuchita masasonry
- Ntchito zachitsulo (ntchito yachitsulo ndi yachitsulo yazitsulo)
- Kusakaza
- Kupanga mabulosi
- Kuyendetsa galimoto
- Mitsinje ya uranium
Zimene Mungachite Ngati Wogwira Ntchito Wanu Sakukutetezani Kuchokera Kuziwonetsera
Olemba ntchito amafunika kupereka Zolemba Zachidziwitso Zachilengedwe (MSDS) za mankhwala omwe mungakhale nawo kuntchito. Ngati izi sizinaperekedwe kwa inu, kapena ngati mukuona kuti malo ogwira ntchito akuika pangozi, thandizo likupezeka. The Occupational Safety ndi Health Administration (OSHA) ili ndi mzere wolumikiza maola 24 kuti iwonetse ntchito zosagwira ntchito pa 1-800-321-6742.
Kumene Mungapite Kuti Mudziwe zambiri
Malo angapo abwino kwambiri omwe alipo omwe akuphatikizidwa ndi mauthenga omwe angakhale osowa malo ogwira ntchito, komanso mauthenga a chitetezo kwa inu monga antchito.
- NIOSH - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health imapereka mauthenga ambiri okhudzana ndi chitetezo cha ntchito, ndipo imaphatikizapo mfundo yowonjezera ya Pocket of Chemical Exposures. NIOSH ili ndi nambala yaulere ya mafunso okhudzana ndi ntchito pa 1-800-356-4674.
- US Department of Labor. Occupational Safety ndi Health Administration (OSHA). OSHA amapereka zokhudzana ndi malamulo ndi malamulo okhudza chitetezo cha malo ogwirira ntchito.
- National Library of Medicine Haz-map.com Kafukufuku wa Khansa. Tsamba lamakalatali likugwira ntchito ndi malo omwe amagwira ntchito ogwirizana ndi khansa zingapo.
Zotsatira:
Chigawo cha Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/
Chigawo cha Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Khansa yapamwamba. h https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/cancer/
De Matteis, S. et al. Zotsatira za khansa zapantchito pa ngozi ya khansa ya m'mapapo mwa anthu ambiri. International Journal of Epidemiology . 2012. 41 (3): 711-21.
Munda, R., ndi B. Withers. Zomwe Zimagwira Ntchito Ndiponso Zochitika Zachilengedwe za Khansa Yam'mimba. Chipatala cha Chifuwa chachipatala . 2012. 33 (4): 10.1016 / j.ccm.2012.07.001.
Robinson, C. et al. Khansara ya m'mapapo yapamwamba ku US akazi. 1984-1998. American Journal of Industrial Medicine . 2011. 54 (2): 102-17.
National Library of Medicine. Haz-map.com. http://www.haz-map.com/cancer.htm
US Department of Labor. Ntchito zapamwamba zachitetezo ndi zaumoyo. https://www.osha.gov/