Ngati mwauzidwa kuti muli ndi bronchogenic carcinoma, mwina mukudandaula kwambiri. Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani?
Tanthauzo
Kalekale , bronchogenic carcinoma ndilo limagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera chiyambi cha mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mapapo - ndiyo yomwe imayambira mu bronchi (njira yaikulu kwambiri ya m'mapapo) ndi bronchioles.
Tsopano, mawu awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ya mitundu yonse.
Ngakhale kuti dzina lakuti bronchogenic carcinoma nthawi zina lingagwiritsidwe ntchito mwanjira yakale-kutanthauza khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe imachokera pakatikati pa airways mmalo mwa phokoso la mapapo-imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pofotokoza mtundu uliwonse kapena gawo la khansa ya m'mapapo.
Mitundu
Pali mitundu iwiri yambiri ya bronchogenic carcinoma:
- Khansara yaing'ono yam'lingo yamtundu: Khansara ya m'mimba yaing'ono yamapapo imatchulidwa kuti maselo akuoneka pansi pa microscope (maselo ang'onoang'ono.) Mtundu uwu wa khansa ulipo pafupifupi 15 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo.
- Khansara Yopanda Matenda Achipatala : Osagwidwa ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ya maselo pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mapapo ndipo imaphwanyidwa m'mapapo adenocarcinoma , squamous cell carcinoma m'mapapo , ndi khansa yaikulu yamapapo ya m'mapapo .
Mbiri
Kwa zaka zambiri, mitundu yofala ndi malo a khansara yamapapo yasintha. M'mbuyomu, mitundu yofala kwambiri ndi khansara yamapapu yamagazi (mtundu wa khansa yaing'ono ya m'mapapo ya m'mapapo) ndi khansa yaing'ono yamapapo ya m'mapapo (oat cell carcinoma.)
Pakalipano, khansa yamapapo yamapapo ndi mapapu adenocarcinoma. Zimaganizidwa kuti gawo la kusintha kumeneku lingakhale lokhudzana ndi kuwonjezereka kwa fodya ku ndudu. M'malo mwa khansa monga khansa yapakhungu yamapapu ndi khansa yaing'ono yamapapu ya m'mapapo yomwe imapezeka nthawi zambiri m'mapapo, mapapu adenocarcinoma amapezeka nthawi zambiri kumadera akutali a m'mapapo.
Zikuwoneka kuti kuwonjezera kwa zowonongeka kumapangitsa mankhwala oopsa mu utsi wa ndudu kuti ayambe kupitirira mpaka m'mapapu. Inde, khansara yamapapo imapezeka osuta fodya komanso anthu omwe amasuta, ndipo adenocarcinoma ndiyo khansa ya m'mapapo yofala kwambiri kuposa yosuta fodya.
Zizindikiro
Pogwiritsa ntchito tanthauzo lakale la bronchogenic carcinoma, zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana ndi kukula kwa khansa mumsewu waukulu. Momwemonso, zizindikiro zofala za khansa ya m'mapapo zingaphatikizepo izi:
- Kudula magazi
- Chibayo chokhacho chifukwa cha kutsekedwa kwa mpweya ndi chotupa
- Chifuwa chopitirira
Pakalipano, mapapu adenocarcinoma ndiwo khansa ya m'mapapo yofala kwambiri, yomwe imawerengera 40 mpaka 50 peresenti ya milandu. Ziphuphuzi zimayamba kukula m'mapapo, m'malo mozungulira ma airways ngati bronchi, ndipo chifukwa chake, zizindikiro zomwe tazitchula pamwambazi zikhoza kukhala palibe. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za m'mapapo adenocarcinoma zikhoza kukhala zizindikiro monga:
- Kutaya kosawerengeka kosadziwika
- Kutopa
- Kupuma pang'ono, makamaka ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi
Zimayambitsa
Anthu ambiri amadziwa kusuta monga chifukwa cha khansa ya m'mapapo , koma palinso zifukwa zina zofunika. Ena mwa awa ndi awa:
- Kuwonetseredwa kwa Radon mnyumba : Radon ndiyo yachiwiri yoyambitsa khansara ya m'mapapo mwa anthu omwe amasuta, ndipo nambala imodzi ya khansa ya m'mapapo mwa osuta fodya.
Kudziwa
Matenda a khansa yamapapo angapangidwe m'njira zingapo. Nthawi zina dokotala amapeza chinthu chosaoneka bwino pa chifuwa cha x-ray chomwe chimayambitsa kupenda ndi chifuwa cha CT kapena njira ina yojambula. Kufufuza kwa PET kungapangidwe, chifukwa ichi ndi njira yovuta kwambiri yopezera kufalikira kwa khansa ya m'mapapo ndi kulongosola molondola matendawa. Izi ndi zofunika, monga opaleshoni ndi mankhwala opanga khansa ya m'mapapo oyambirira, sizingakhale bwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo.
Pamene kusadziwika kumapezeka pa phunziro la kujambula, madokotala amalimbikitsa kafukufuku wamapangidwe amtundu wina kuti atsimikizidwe kuti ali ndi matenda, komanso kuti aphunzire za kapangidwe ka khansa ya m'mapapo .
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati mankhwala atsopano kwa magawo ena a kansa ya m'mapapo akhalapo. Ngati muli ndi khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo, makamaka mapapu adenocarcinoma kapena squamous cell carcinoma, lankhulani ndi nkhani yanu zokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa majini mumatumbo anu. Ngakhale kuti chifuwa cha mapapu chidali chikhalidwe cha golide kuti achite izi, mu 2016 kuyezetsa magazi komwe kumatchedwa biopsy madzi kunavomerezedwa kuyesa kusintha kwa EGFR kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo .
Kuwunika
Kuyezetsa kochepa kwa CT kumapezeka tsopano ndi khansara yamapapo, mwa anthu omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira zina. Zapezeka kuti anthu a zaka zapakati pa 55 ndi 80, omwe ali ndi zaka 30 za mbiri ya kusuta, ndipo amasuta kapena kusiya zaka 15 zapitazo, kuyesa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kufa kwa khansa ya m'mapapo ndi 20 peresenti. Ngati mutakumana ndi izi, kapena ngati muli ndi zifukwa zina za khansa ya m'mapapo, funsani dokotala wanu za kuyang'ana.
Kuchiza
Mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu amalimbikitsa adzadalira pazifukwa zingapo, kuphatikizapo mtundu ndi siteji ya kansa ya m'mapapo yomwe mumapezeka nayo. Ndikofunika kuphunzira za matenda anu, monga momwe maphunziro amasonyezera kuti anthu omwe akugwira nawo ntchito mosamala za khansa yamapapo ali ndi zotsatira zabwino. Mankhwalawa angaphatikizepo opaleshoni ya khansa ya m'mapapo , mankhwala a chemotherapy , mankhwala othandizira , mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito ma radiation , ndi immunotherapy .
Kuthamangitsani
N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti matenda a bronchogenic carcinoma amakhala osauka, ndipo zaka zisanu ndi zisanu zokha zimakhala zochepa chabe. Matendawa amasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa sitepe ya kansa ya m'mapapo , ndipo ndalama zowonjezera zimakhala zabwino kwambiri ngati zatulukira m'mayambiriro a matendawa. Ngakhale kuti chiŵerengero chimenechi n'chodandaula, kupita patsogolo pochiza khansa ya m'mapapo kumapangitsa kukhalabe ndi moyo, ngakhale kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a sitiroji 4.
Kulimbana ndi Kuthandizidwa
Anthu ambiri akugwirira ntchito limodzi pofuna kuchepetsa manyazi a khansara yamapapo ndi "matenda osuta." Sikuti osuta fodya ndi anthu omwe adasiya kale kale amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, koma mosasamala kanthu za mbiri ya kusuta, wodwalayo ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo amafunikira chikondi, chifundo, ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chabwino kwambiri.
Fufuzani magulu othandizira khansa m'mapapo kaya mumudzi wanu kapena pa intaneti. Dziphunzitseni nokha za matenda anu ndi zopititsa patsogolo zomwe mungakhale nazo. Ngati wokondedwa wanu apezeka ndi khansara yamapapo, onetsetsani malangizo awa pothandizira wokondedwa ndi khansara , ndi kuthana ndi vuto pamene wokondedwa wanu ali ndi khansara yamapapo .
Chitsime:
National Cancer Institute. Khansa Yam'mimba - Kwa Ophunzira Zaumoyo. https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp.