Sovaldi (sofosbuvir) ndi buku la nucleotide polymerase inhibitor kalasi mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikizira mankhwala othandizira mankhwala a hepatitis C (HCV) . Sovaldi imagwira ntchito potseka puloteni yomwe HCV imagwiritsa ntchito kuti iwonetsere RNA yake, ndipo imatha kusokoneza siteji ya moyo.
Sovaldi inavomerezedwa mu December 2013 ndi US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kwa anthu akuluakulu zaka 18 kapena kupitilira ndi matenda a HCV 1, 2, 3 ndi 4, kuphatikizapo omwe ali ndi hepatocellular carcinoma ( khansa yambiri ya chiwindi) komanso anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV / HCV .
Sovaldi imavomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pa odwala omwe sanayambe kuwachiritsidwa (odwala-naïve), komanso omwe ali ndi gawo lachidziwitso kapena lachilendo ku chithandizo choyambirira cha HCV.
Kafukufuku wa chipatala wasonyeza kuti mankhwala ochiritsidwa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Sovaldi ali pakati pa 82% ndi 96%.
Mlingo
Piritsi imodzi ya 400 mg yomwe imapezeka tsiku ndi tsiku kapena popanda chakudya. Mapiritsi a Sovaldi ali a chikasu komanso a filimu, ndi "GSI" pambali imodzi ndi "7977" pambali inayo.
Kulemba Malangizo
Sovaldi akulamulidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi ndi ribavirin ; ndi pegylated interferon (peg-interferon) + ribavirin; kapena ndi Daklinza (daclatasvir) . Sovaldi sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga monotherapy.
Malamulo otsatirawa akuthandizidwa:
- Genotype 1 kapena 4: Sovaldi + peg-interferon + ribavirin kwa milungu 12
- Genotype 2: Sovaldi + ribavirin kwa milungu 12.
- Genotype 3: Sovaldi + ribavirin kwa milungu 24 OR Sovaldi + Daklinza (daclatasvir) kwa milungu 12
Kwa odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito genotype 1 omwe sagwirizana ndi interferon kapena interferon-osasamala, ndibwino kuti kuphatikiza Sovaldi + ribavirin kukhale kwa milungu 24.
Kuphimbidwa kwa chiwindi chili chonse choyembekezera, mankhwala olembedwa pamwambawa ayenera kuuzidwa kwa milungu 48 kapena mpaka kusindikiza kwachitidwa, chirichonse chomwe chimabwera poyamba.
Zotsatira Zogwirizana
Zotsatira zofala kwambiri zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Sovaldi + ribavirin (mwachitsanzo, kuchitika kwa odwala 20% kapena ochepa) ndi:
- Kutopa
- Mutu
- Nausea
Zotsatira zambiri zomwe odwala akugwiritsa ntchito Sovaldi + ribavirin + peg-interferon ndi:
- Kutopa
- Mutu
- Nausea
- Kusagona
- Anemia
Kuwonjezera pa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi neutropenia, zotsatira zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchito ya Sovaldi zimatengedwa kuti ndi zochepa kapena zochepa (Gawo 1).
Mu kafukufuku wamaphunziro, 1% kapena ocheperapo a odwala pa Sovaldi + ribavirin amatha mankhwala osakhalitsa chifukwa cha zotsatira zosautsa. Chiwerengerochi chinawonjezeka kufika pa 11% kwa odwala a Sovaldi + ribavirin + peg-interferon.
Kuyanjana kwa Mankhwala
Zotsatirazi ziyeneranso kupeŵa pogwiritsa ntchito Sovaldi:
- Mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Rifampin: Mycobutin, Rifater, Rifamate, Rimactane, Rifadin, Priftin
- Anticonvulsants: Tegretol, Dilantin, Trileptal, phenobarbital
- Wotchedwa St. John's Wort
Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV , Sovaldi sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Aptivus (tipranavir) kapena Norvir (ritonavir) momwe ma antiretroviral a protease amatha kuchepetsera sera ya Sovaldi.
Contraindications
Sovaldi imatsutsana kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati kapena amuna omwe ali ndi pakati ngati maphunziro a zinyama adanena kuti pangakhale chiopsezo cha zolephereka kubadwa kapena kufa kwa mwana.
Ndikoyenera kuti amayi onse omwe ali ndi zaka zakubadwa ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mwezi uliwonse kuti akhale ndi pakati pa nthawi ya mankhwala. Zimalimbikitsanso kuti wodwalayo ndi mwamuna wake aperekedwe njira ziwiri zosagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osamalidwa bwino ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya mankhwala komanso kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Chitsime:
Manns, M. ndi Cornberg, M. "Sofosbuvir: msomali womaliza mu bokosi la chiwindi cha chiwindi C?" Lancet. March 15, 2013; 13 (5): 378-379.