Chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda a chiwindi chifukwa cha kachilombo ka hepatitis C (HCV). Zisanafike kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, madokotala adadziwa kuti matendawa ndi "osachilombo A, osati a chiwindi" chifukwa mayeso a ma laboratory kuti adziwe kuti HCV siinapangidwe. Tsopano, zosiyana kasanu ndi chimodzi zosiyana za kachilombo ka hepatitis C zimadziwika. Mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi, yotchedwa genotypes, ndiyomwe imakhala yosiyana siyana pa mutu womwewo womwe ungayambitse matenda opatsirana ndi chiwindi.
Ngakhale kuti majeremusi onse amapezeka ngati matenda a chiwindi a chiwindi, ndikofunika kudziŵa kuti muli ndi chiyani chifukwa chakuti zinazake zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
Pafupifupi anthu mamiliyoni anayi ku United States akhala akudwala HCV. Popeza kuti pafupifupi 25 peresenti ya anthuwa athandiza kachilomboka, pafupifupi 3 miliyoni anthu amanyamula HCV ndipo akhoza kufalitsa kachilombo kwa ena. Padziko lonse, anthu pafupifupi 170 miliyoni ali ndi kachilomboka.
Chiwindi cha Hepatitis C
Kawirikawiri, matenda a hepatitis C sapezeka m'kati mwachidziŵitso popeza zizindikirozo sizikhala chete kapena zochepa (mosiyana ndi matenda a hepatitis A omwe amachititsa kuti chiwindi chikhale chovuta kwambiri) komanso kuchepa kwa chiwindi sikokwanira. Pali nthawi zambiri pamene anthu ali ndi matenda a chimfine, kapena zizindikiro zina, zomwe zimayambitsa kuyezetsa koma nthawi zambiri, matenda a chiwindi a chiwindi amatengedwa ndi kuyang'ana anthu omwe amakhulupirira kuti ali pangozi.
Hepatitis C imayamba mwadzidzidzi (mwachiwombankhanga) pambuyo pa nthawi yowonjezera ma sabata asanu ndi awiri.
Nthawiyi, yomwe ndi nthawi yomwe imakhalapo pakati pa HCV ndi kupanga zizindikiro, zikhoza kukhala zochepa ngati masabata awiri, koma malinga ngati masabata 23. Thupi lanu likadziwika ku HCV, kachilomboka kamalowa m'magazi anu ku chiwindi . Monga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a hepatotropic (mavairasi monga hepatitis A, B, ndi E omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga chiwindi), HCV imamva bwino m'nyumba ya chiwindi, yotchedwa hepatocyte.
Ngati hepatocyte yokwanira imatenga kachilomboka, chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chidzayankha potumiza pachiwindi maselo ena omwe amamenyana ndi tizilombo, omwe amatchedwa lymphocytes. Kuyankha kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kumayambitsa kutupa kwa chiwindi, komwe kumatchedwanso hepatitis.
Kutupa ndi lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse. Pachifukwa chimodzi, nkofunika chifukwa zimatanthauza kuti chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chikugwira ntchito yake ndipo chikuyesera kuchotsa hepatocytes ya kachilomboka. Komabe, kutentha kwambiri kotalika kumawononga. Ngati chitetezo cha mthupi sichitha kuchotsa kachilombo ka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mwakutanthauzira muli ndi matenda aakulu a chiwindi.
Chilombo Choyambitsa Matenda a Hepatitis C
Chiwindi cha chiwindi cha matenda a Hepatitis C chimatengedwa ngati matenda aakulu . Amakhala ndi anthu oposa 80% omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa ndipo amafotokozedwa kuti sangathe kuthetsa kachilomboka mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Pamene chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chitayesa kuyambitsa HCV, chiwindi chimayambitsidwa ndi kutupa kosatha, komwe kumabweretsa fibrosis . Kuchulukitsa fibrosis m'chiwindi amatchedwa cirrhosis . Popeza kuti matenda a chibwibwi sagwiritsidwa ntchito, madokotala ambiri amati mankhwala oyambirira amachititsa kuti asatulukidwe kwambiri .
Chifukwa chakuti odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi ndi omwe amachititsa kuti asatengeke, anthu ambiri amakhala ndi chiwindi koma sazindikira kuti ali ndi kachilomboka.
Ndizofala kwambiri kuti anthu adziwe za matenda awo atapereka magazi kapena ku mayesero ena osagwirizana.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa matenda a shuga zimakhala zowonjezereka, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa kachilombo ka HIV nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati chimfine. Komabe, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilomboka (mpaka 70%) sangasonyeze zizindikiro zilizonse ndipo amanenedwa kuti ali osasintha.
Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro, nthawi zambiri amayamba kutopa, kupweteka kumodzi ndi kupweteka kwa minofu, kusowa kwa njala, khunyu, ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Ngakhale kuti jaundice ndi chizindikiro chodziwika kwambiri cha matenda a chiwindi, anthu ambiri sadziwa! Kwa iwo amene amachitako, ena amatha kuona mkodzo wamdima kapena zojambula zadothi masiku asanu asanayambe kupweteka kwa jaundice.
Nthaŵi zambiri, zizindikiro zonsezi zimachoka paokha. Kwa anthu amene amayamba kutentha kwa chiwindi cha C, kutopa kwambiri (kutopa) ndikumadandaula.
Kutumiza
Vuto la hepatitis C likufalitsidwa kudzera mwachindunji ndi magazi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Pafupifupi theka la mavoti atsopano a chiwindi a mtundu wa C amafalitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. M'mbuyomu (chaka cha 1992), anthu omwe adayikidwa magazi ndi ziwalo zogwiritsira ntchito ziwalozo anali pangozi yaikulu kuti apeze HCV. Komabe, lero, akatswiri a ma laboni amatha kusindikiza mosamala kuti matenda a chiwindi a C asapitirire kuti magazi asapitirire kuopsa kwa matenda a chiwindi ndi kutumiza magazi.
- Kodi Ndingatenge Hepatitis C Pomwera Pakumwa Munthu Wina?
- Kodi Ndikhoza Kufalitsa Chiwindi cha Hepatitis C Kwa Mwana Wanga?
Kudziwa
Madokotala amadziwa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayang'ana tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a magazi omwe amatchedwa EIA, kapena enzyme immunoassay. Mayesowa ndi ovuta, koma osasankha kwambiri pofufuza ma antibodies, kotero EIA yabwino ingakhale yosakwanira. Malingana ndi zifukwa zanu zoopsa, madokotala amayang'ana zotsatira zowonetsera pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso ena, otchedwa RIBA (kachilombo koyambitsa immunoblot testay). RIBA yabwino imatsimikizira kuti matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda a chiwindi.
Popeza kuyesa kwa ma antibodies okha sikungathe kudziwa ngati matendawa ndi ovuta, aakulu, kapena matenda omwe kale matupi amachotsa, madokotala ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mayesero angapo osiyanasiyana pamodzi ndi zizindikiro kuti adziwe kuti muli ndi matenda