Ana omwe ali ndi Autism Angayambe Kufunika Kwambiri Kukula Kwambiri
Chochitika chofunika kwambiri ndicho chizindikiro cha kukula kwa mwana. Ana amafika pazinthu zambiri zofunikira kwambiri pakati pa kubadwa ndi akulu. Zochitika zam'mbuyomu zikuphatikizapo kusangalala, kusunthira, ndi kukhala pansi. Kenaka zochitika zazikulu zimaphatikizapo kupeza chilankhulo, chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe, ndi malingaliro, ndi luso la nzeru.
Ana omwe ali ndi autism samakonda kukwaniritsa zochitika zawo zazikulu pa nthawi yoyenera.
Koma mawu amenewa ndiwongoleratu zenizeni chifukwa:
- Ana ambiri okhulupirira autistic amapita kumayambiriro oyambirira akukula kwambiri nthawi kapena oyambirira, koma amataya pansi.
- Ana ambiri a autistic amatha kukwaniritsa zochitika zawo zazikulu pa nthawi kapena oyambirira, koma amafika ena mochedwa kapena ayi.
- Ana ena autistic amapeza zina mwazochitika kwambiri mwamsanga kwambiri koma kufika ena mochedwa kwambiri.
- Ana omwe ali ndi autism angawoneke kuti akupeza luso lofunika-koma sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito luso lawo pazochitika zenizeni.
- Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi autism ali ndi "maluso" omwe angakhale apamwamba koma omwe sali othandiza pamoyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Ana otchuka, makamaka atsikana omwe ali opambana, nthawi zina amatha kubisa kapena kuthana ndi kuchedwa kwachitukuko.
Ndili ndi mitheradi yochepa kwambiri, sizosadabwitsa kuti makolo ndi adokotala onse amatha kupeza zovuta kuona autism, makamaka ali aang'ono kapena apamwamba kwambiri ogwira ntchito.
Komabe pali zizindikiro zochepa zomwe zikuwoneka bwino kwambiri ndipo mwanayo ali autistic.
Kodi Zochitika Zapamwamba Ndi Ziti?
CDC imagawanitsa zochitika zazikuluzikulu m'magulu: kayendetsedwe / thupi, chidziwitso, chiyankhulo / kulankhulana, chikhalidwe / maganizo. Amalemba mndandanda wa zochitika zosiyanasiyana pa msinkhu uliwonse, kuyambira ndi mwezi umodzi ndikuyenda msinkhu.
Pamene akuwonekeratu kuti ana sangathe kufika pa zochitika zofunikira kwambiri pazaka zomwe zafotokozedwera, amafunanso kuti makolo ayang'ane kuti atsimikizire kuti mwana wawo ali pafupi kapena ali pafupi.
Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi autism amawapeza ali aang'ono kwambiri-nthawi zambiri ali ndi zaka 3. Apa pali mndandanda wosavuta wowerengera wazaka 3 kuchokera ku CDC:
Zamakhalidwe ndi Zamaganizo
- Kulemba akulu ndi abwenzi
- Amasonyeza chikondi kwa abwenzi popanda kufulumizitsa
Zimatembenukira m'maseŵera
Amasonyeza nkhawa za mzanga wokalira
Amamvetsa lingaliro la "wanga" ndi "lake" kapena "hers"
- Amasonyeza malingaliro osiyanasiyana
- Zimasiyanitsa mosavuta kwa amayi ndi abambo
- Mungakhumudwitse ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwachizoloŵezi
- Zovala ndi kudzivulaza wekha
Chilankhulo / Kulankhulana
Amatsatira malangizo awiri kapena atatu
Mungatchule zinthu zambiri zomwe zimadziwika bwino
Amamvetsa mawu monga "mkati," "pa," ndi "pansi"
- Dzina loyamba, zaka, ndi kugonana
Tchulani mnzanu
Amanena mawu onga "Ine," "ine," "ife," ndi "inu" ndi ena ambiri (magalimoto, agalu, amphaka)
Zimayankhula bwino kuti alendo asamvetse nthawi yambiri
Pitirizani kukambirana pogwiritsa ntchito ziganizo ziwiri kapena zitatu
Kusamvetsetsa (kuphunzira, kuganiza, kuthetsa mavuto)
- Angagwiritse ntchito zisudzo ndi mabatani, levers, ndi kusuntha mbali
- Masewera amadzipangitsa kukhulupirira ndi zidole, nyama, ndi anthu
- Amathetsa mapuzzulo ndi zidutswa zitatu kapena 4
Amamvetsa zomwe "ziwiri" zikutanthawuza
- Lembani mphete ndi pensulo kapena krayoni
- Kutembenuza masamba a bukhu limodzi pa nthawi
- Amamanga nsanja zoposa 6 zibokosi
- Zokongoletsera ndi zitsulo zopanda zipilala zamabotolo zitsulo kapena kutsegula chingwe
Kusunthika / Kukula Kwathupi
- Ikuyenda bwino
Zimathamanga mosavuta
- Pansi pa njinga zamagetsi (njinga yamagalimoto atatu)
- Kuyenda masitepe ndi mmunsi, phazi limodzi pa sitepe iliyonse
Pamene Sichikutha Kupititsa patsogolo Zomwe Zingatheke Pakhoza Kufotokozera Autism
Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimachititsa kuti ana asaphonye zochitika zachitukuko. Nthaŵi zambiri, palibe chifukwa china chodandaulira. Ndicho chifukwa:
- Ana ndi osiyana kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ndipo mwachibadwa, amakula pamitengo yosiyana.
- Ana omwe amabadwa msangamsanga amatha kuphonya zochitika zazikulu koma nthawi zambiri amapeza.
- Anyamata nthawi zambiri amayamba kuchepa kusiyana ndi atsikana, koma nthawi zambiri amawathandiza.
- Ana ambiri amatsindika kwambiri zochitika zina zomwe amatha kuphonya ena. Mwachitsanzo, mwana wamwamuna weniweni weniweni akhoza kufika patsogolo kwambiri pazomwe akuchitika ndipo kenako amapeza zochitika zambiri.
- Matenda oyambirira a zachipatala akhoza kuchepetsa chitukuko-koma ana ambiri amatha kufika kwa anzawo a msinkhu wawo.
- Mavuto ena owongolera, monga kuvutika ndi kumva, akhoza kuchepetsa kukula msinkhu koma sakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chitukuko cha nthawi yaitali.
Nanga makolo ayenera kukhala ndi nkhawa liti pankhani ya autism? CDC imapereka mndandanda wazinthu zomwe ziyenera kutulutsa mbendera zofiira .
- Simungagwiritse ntchito zidole zosavuta (monga mapepala a mapepala, mapepala osavuta, osinthasintha)
- Simalankhula mitu
- Simamvetsa malangizo osavuta
- Samasewera kudziyerekeza kapena kudzipangitsa kukhulupirira
- Samafuna kusewera ndi ana ena kapena ndi zidole
- Sichikuyang'ana maso
- Amaphunzira luso lomwe adali nalo kale
Ngakhale kuti nkhanizi zikhoza kukhala zizindikiro za autism, komabe sizingakhale. Autism ndizovuta pamene ana ali ndi zovuta zoposa izi kapena ali ndi zovuta zina pazochitika zamagulu / zamaganizo kapena zokhudzana.
Chifukwa chiyani Kuwunika Kukula Kwambiri Kwambiri kwa Autism Kungasokoneze
Nthawi zina, ana omwe ali ndi autism amasowa zochitika zambiri ndipo amakhala ndi kuchedwa kosavuta. Kawirikawiri, zochitika zazikuluzikulu zitha kusokonezeka kapena zosatheka. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ana omwe ali ndi autism sangokuchedwa; amaphunzira ndi kuchita mosiyana ndi anzawo.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, autism sichidziŵika bwino kuyambira kubadwa. Ana ambiri okhala ndi autism amakula bwino kwa nthawi ndithu kenako amachepetsanso, amayamba kusokonezeka, kapena amayambiranso. Chifukwa cha nkhaniyi, zingakhale zovuta kuona autism pokhapokha ndikuyang'ana zochitika zazikulu zowonjezereka.
Pano pali chitsanzo chosonyeza momwe autism ingapangitse kuti zikhale zovuta kufufuza zochitika zenizeni mwa mwana wazaka zitatu.
Johnny ali ndi zaka zitatu. Iye anabadwa pa nthawi yonse ndipo anakwaniritsa zochitika zake zonse mwa zaka ziwiri. Iye ali ndi mawu ambiri, ena mwa iwo ndi mawu a sayansi omwe ali pamwamba pa msinkhu wa zaka zitatu. Amatha kunena mawu ambirimbiri monga "Ndikufuna madzi," kapena "cookie ikuyamba ndi C." Johnny angathenso kuwerengera 20. Mogwirizana ndi malongosoledwe awa, zimamveka ngati Johnny akuchita bwino, ndipo wapeza ndi kudutsa njira zake zambiri zamagwirizanitsidwe ndi zamaganizo.
Koma Johnny onse ali owala ndi autistic. Chotsatira chake, adakweza pamtima mawu ena atatu kuchokera ku TV. Ngati mumamvetsera mwatcheru, mudzazindikira kuti sakuyankha pa zochitika zenizeni panthawiyi. Mmalo mwake, "akubwezeretsanso" mawu ochokera ku Sesame Street, mofanana ndondomeko ndi mawonedwe monga momwe akuwonetseramo. Akhoza kuwerengera makumi awiri, koma pokhapokha atachita izi ndi mawu omwewo monga "Count" kuchokera kuwonetsero pa TV.
Poyesedwa, zimakhala zoonekeratu kuti Johnny sangathe kukonzanso mawu a mawu kuti apange ndemanga zatsopano. Iye akhoza kungoyankhula za dinosaurs pamene akuwerenga zolemba kuchokera pa zolemba. Ndipo pamene akutha kufotokoza manambala ake, sangathe kuwerengera zinthu.
Zingatengere makolo a Johnny nthawi yaitali kuti azindikire kuti Johnny ali ndi luso lachilankhulo lomwe silingachedwe-koma ndizosavomerezeka. Aphunzitsi angaganize kuti ndi wamtengo wapatali-ndipo, ndithudi, ndi Wopambana kwambiri m'njira zina. Asanawone chilichonse chofunika, akuluakulu a Johnny angafunikire kuwona mavuto ena akuwoneka, monga kuvutika ndi luso la masewero, kukhudzana maso, kapena kuyanjana.
Momwe Kutaya Kwambiri Kungathetsere Kapena Kubisika
Ana ena omwe ali ndi autism ali ndi kuchedwa kwakukulu kwa chidziwitso, zovuta za makhalidwe, kapena "zithunzithunzi" zakuthupi (kuwomba kapena kuwomba) zomwe zimawonekeratu kuti chinachake chalakwika. Koma ana ambiri a autistic ali ndi zochedwa zochepa kapena zofatsa, zovuta, kapena zovuta. Ngati zili choncho, kuchedwa kwachitukuko kungakhale kovuta kuziwona.
Nawa magulu angapo a ana omwe kuchedwa kwao msinkhu sikungakhale koonekera mpaka chikhalidwe, maganizo, kapena kulankhulana kumafuna kuwonjezeka (nthawi zambiri pambuyo pa 1 kapena 2):
- Atsikana : Autism kawirikawiri amachititsa ana kukhala chete, kusungulumwa, komanso osakweza manja awo kapena kulankhula. Iwo angawoneke ngati "olota" kapena osamvetsetsa. Makhalidwe ameneŵa ndi oyenera mwachikhalidwe kwa atsikana m'madera ambiri padziko lapansi. Choncho, atsikana achichepere omwe sagwirizana ndi zochitika zowonjezereka angagwire pansi pa radar. Nthawi zambiri amalembedwa kuti "wamanyazi ndi chete," ndipo mwina, osati kuwala. Zingatenge nthawi kuti makolo ndi aphunzitsi awone zizindikiro zina.
- Ana omwe ali ndi nzeru zamakono kapena luso lapadera . Ana ochepa omwe ali ndi autism ali owala kwambiri kapena ali ndi maluso odabwitsa omwe ali patali kuposa zaka zawo. Mwachitsanzo, ana ena omwe ali ndi autism amatha kuthetsa mapulogalamu ovuta, kuwerenga ali aang'ono kwambiri, kapena kusonyeza masamu, nyimbo, kapena luso lapakompyuta. Angakhalenso ndi mauthenga ambiri m'madera awo omwe ali ndi chidwi chapadera. Ngati zili choncho, makolo ndi aphunzitsi sangazindikire kuti mwana yemweyo yemwe angathe kuthetsa mawerengedwe osiyanasiyana a masamu sangathe kusewera mwachidule kapena kugwira mpira.
- Ana omwe ali ndi abale kapena alongo achifundo. M'mabanja ena ndi m'zipinda zam'chipinda, abale kapena alongo achifundo angapangitse kuti autism ya mwana wina imusokoneze. Ana odabwitsa awa amadzipangitsa okha kuti aphunzire kumvetsetsa anzawo anzawo komanso kuwayankhula. Ngakhale kuti mosakayikira izi zimakhala zokoma komanso zosamala, ndi mawonekedwe omwe amachititsa kuti zikhale zovuta kudziŵa zomwe mwana wa autistic angathe kuchita kwa iye yekha.
- Ana a makolo omwe ali ndi makhalidwe autistic. Si zachilendo kwa ana omwe ali ndi autism kukhala ndi makolo omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipamwamba kwambiri yogwira autism kapena omwe amatchedwa "mthunzi" makhalidwe a autism. Ngati zili choncho, makolo angawone ana awo akukula mobwerezabwereza-kapena ngati "amachoka pambuyo." Zingakhale zovuta makamaka kuti makolo awa awone mwana wawo wotchedwa autistic, monga momwe chizindikirocho chingagwiritsire ntchito kwa iwo mosavuta.
Zimene Makolo Ayenera Kuchita
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu akuchedwa kuchepa ndipo akhoza kukhala autistic, chitanipo kanthu . Funsani dokotala wanu kuti awonetse mwana wanu chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwake , mothandizidwa kwambiri pa chikhalidwe cha anthu, kulankhulana, ndi maluso.
Ngati chidziwitso chanu sichinali cholakwika, simunataye kanthu koma ola limodzi ndi nkhawa yambiri. Ngati mwana wanuyo atero, chitukuko chimayamba kuchedwa mwamsanga ndipo mutha kuyembekezera kupeza njira zomwe mungathe kuthandizira kuthana ndi mavuto aliwonse.
Pansi, mulibe kanthu koti mutayika ndipo zonse zimapindula mwa kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga!
> Zotsatira:
> Harrison, Pam. Maphunziro Otsogolera a Autism mu Ana. Zomwe Momwe Mungaphunzitsire Zipatala. CME. Zatulutsidwa: 11/14/2012.
> Semrud-Clikeman M, ndi al. Kuyerekeza pakati pa ana ndi ana omwe ali ndi vuto la autism spectrum, matenda osadziŵa kuphunzira komanso omwe akulera ana pazochita zoyenera. J Autism Dev Kusokonezeka. 2014 Feb; 44 (2): 331-42.
> CDC. Zochitika Zapamwamba.