Autism kwa Atsikana Angayang'ane Mosiyana ndi Autism mwa Anyamata
Kodi mwana wanu akhoza kukhala autistic? Yankho lingakhale losaoneka ngati lingakhale ngati mutakhala ndi mwana wamwamuna. Ndi chifukwa chakuti zizindikiro za autism kwa atsikana ndi amayi si zofanana ndi za anyamata ndi amuna. Chofunika kwambiri, mwinamwake, zingakhale zosavuta kuti ziphonye, makamaka panthawi yomwe autism imagwira ntchito.
Chifukwa Chimene Atsikana Angadziwike
Atsikana omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zowonjezereka monga zovuta zowonongeka (zipsyinjo) , mavuto aakulu ndi kulankhula ndi chinenero, mavuto aakulu ndi kuyankhulana , kapena mavuto akuluakulu, nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa kuti awonetseredwe ndi kupezedwa ali wamng'ono.
Koma atsikana omwe zizindikiro zawo ndizobisika, kapena omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chowathandiza kuti azibisala zizindikiro, amapezeka kuti ali achinyamata kapena achinyamata.
Chikhalidwe chathu chikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha zovuta zina za atsikana. Kawirikawiri, atsikana akuyembekezeka kukhala ocheperachepera komanso osalimbikitsa kuposa anyamata. Msungwana yemwe amaoneka wamanyazi komanso wochotsedwa angawonedwe ngati "wachikazi," pamene mnyamata yemwe ali ndi makhalidwe ofanana ndi amene amamuona kuti ndi wamwano. Mofananamo, msungwana yemwe amawoneka kuti "spacey" ndi osaganizidwa nthawi zambiri amafotokozedwa kuti ndi "lotowa," pomwe mnyamata yemwe ali ndi makhalidwe ofanana nawo angakope chidwi.
Zizindikiro Zomwe Zingakulowereni Autism kwa Atsikana
Palibe chizindikiro chokha chokwanira kutsimikizira autism. Kuonjezera apo, ngakhale zizindikiro zina zingakhale zoonekera kwa inu ngati mwana wanu akukula, muyenera kuyang'ana mmbuyo ndikuzindikira kuti akhalapo kuyambira ali wamng'ono. Zizindikiro za autism, kuwonjezeranso, ziyenera kukhala zolimba kuti zitha kuchepetsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro ziwiri za autism koma amasinthidwa bwino ndipo ndizovuta m'njira zina sizikuwoneka kuti ndi autistic.
Ngati mukuwona nkhani zingapo, komabe zikuwoneka kuti zikufala nthawi, ndipo zimalepheretsa mwana wanu kuti azigwira bwinobwino, mungafune kuganiza kuti mwana wanu akuwonetsedwa kapena kuyang'aniridwa ndi gulu la akatswiri a autism.
- Mwana wanu wamkazi amadalira ana ena (makamaka atsikana) kuti awawatsogolere ndi kuwalankhula pa tsiku lonse la sukulu.
- Mwana wanu wamkazi ali ndi "zokonda" komanso zochepa zomwe ziri zenizeni komanso zoletsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, pamene atsikana ambiri akhoza kukhala mafilimu a TV, mtsikana wina amene ali ndi autism akhoza kusonkhanitsa uthenga ndi kulankhula nthawi zonse za maonekedwe, malo, mapulogalamu, kapena ojambula, koma samadziwa pang'ono kapena ayi ponena za chiwembu kapena mtundu wawonetsero.
- Mwana wanu wamkazi amadziwika bwino ndi mavuto monga kumva phokoso, kuwala kowala, kapena fungo lamphamvu. (Chizindikiro ichi ndi chofala pakati pa anyamata ngati atsikana.) Zokakamiza zovuta sizimangokhala za autism, koma ndi chizindikiro chimodzi cha matendawa.
- Kukambirana kwa mwana wanu kumangokhala nkhani zokhazokha. Akhoza kugawana nawo malo ake okondweretsa, koma alibe chidwi ndikumvetsera yankho la wina. Izi zingachititse kuti asayambe kugwirizana ndi magulu kapena kupanga mabwenzi.
- Mwana wanu wamkazi amakhumudwa kwambiri, ndipo zimamuvuta kumvetsa mmene akumvera akamakhumudwa. Angakhale ndi "kusungunuka" kosayenera. Izi zikhoza kusokoneza ubale wake ndi aphunzitsi, kapena kutsogolera njira zothetsera khalidwe monga kubwezera kapena kusamitsidwa kusukulu.
- Mwana wanu wamkazi amakhala ndi vuto lachisokonezo, nkhawa, kapena kusasangalatsa. Apanso, zizindikirozi sizongoganizira za autism, koma autism imakhudzana ndi matenda a maganizo onse komanso matenda osokoneza maganizo.
- Mwana wanu wamkazi amavutika kupanga kapena kusunga anzanu; angamawoneke ngati "opanda pake" pankhani ya mau osalankhula (anthu ena akuchoka, nkhope, etc.). Angakhalenso ndi nthawi yovuta kutsanzira makhalidwe a atsikana ena, kusankha mafashoni, kapena makongoletsedwe ngakhale kuti angafunike "kulowa."
- Mwana wanu wamkazi amatchulidwa kuti "wamtendere" kapena "wamanyazi" kusukulu komanso zovuta zina. Kukhala chete kapena manyazi sikuli chizindikiro cha autism, koma kawirikawiri zovuta ndi chilankhulo cholandiridwa ndi / kapena chidziwitso chingayese zovuta kulumphira kukambirana, kwezani dzanja lanu, kapena kuchitapo kanthu mofulumira ku zochitika za chikhalidwe.
- Mwana wanu wamkazi amadziwika mopepuka. Ngakhale anthu ena omwe ali ndi autism ali otsimikizika, khalidwe lodzikonda (ngakhale kuti likuvomerezedwa ndi anthu ku sukulu) lingakhale chizindikiro kuti mwana wanu sakudziwa zenizeni zoti achite kapena kunena, ndipo asankha njira yabwino yochitira kapena kunena mochepa momwe zingathere .
- Mwana wanu wamkazi akuwoneka kuti akuwoneka ngati mwana wamng'ono, koma amapeza kuti kulankhulana kwabwino kumakhala kovuta kwambiri pamene akulowera zaka zachinyamata. (Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti atsikana omwe ali ndi mphamvu zogwira ntchito autism angapeze njira zolimbirana ndi kusokoneza mavuto ndi chiyanjano, nthawi zambiri mwa kulola ena kuti alankhule nawo. Njirayi ikuyenda bwino mpaka zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu zikukhala zovuta komanso zovuta zaka zoyambirira.
- Mwana wanu wamkazi ali ndi matenda a khunyu (izi zapezeka, mu phunziro limodzi, kuti zikhale zofala kwambiri kwa atsikana omwe ali ndi autism kusiyana ndi anyamata).
Mawu ochokera
Ngati mukuganiza kuti izi zikutanthauzira mwana wanu wamkazi, ndipo mukuganiza kuti muyese kufufuza, onetsetsani kuti mumapeza wofufuza kapena gulu lomwe liri ndi ntchito yapadera yogwira ntchito ndi atsikana pa masewera. Monga tafotokozera, zingakhale zovuta kudziwa kuti munthu akugwira bwino ntchito ya autism kwa mtsikana amene waphunzira momwe angagwirire ntchito ndi mavuto ake.
Ngati muzindikira kuti mwana wanu ali autistic, ndikofunika kudziwa kuti pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe alipo. Kuonjezerapo, malinga ndi zosoŵa zake ndi zovuta zake, mungasankhe kulingalira njira zosiyanasiyana zophunzitsira. Ndondomeko za zosowa zapadera zenizeni zomwe zingathandize pa sukulu ya boma; mungasankhe kuganizira zosankha zapadera kapena zachinsinsi monga asungwana autistic nthawi zambiri amachitira bwino pazinthu zing'onozing'ono.
> Zotsatira:
> DeWeerdt, S. Zizindikiro za Autism zimasiyanasiyana ndi zachiwerewere, maphunziro amapeza. Simons Foundation, 27 March 2014.
> Dworzynski K. et al. J. Am. Acad. Mwana Wachichepere. Psychiatry 51 , 788-797 (2012)
> Nichols, Shana. Mmene Mnyamata Amaonera: Kuzindikira ndi Kumvetsetsa Matenda a Autism Azimayi . Interactive Autism Network ku Kennedy Krieger Institute, December 2009.
> Sarris, M. Osati Anyamata okha: Pamene Autism Spectrum Disorders imakhudza Atsikana. Interactive Autism Network ku Kennedy Krieger Institute, pa February 19, 2013.