Mwachidule
Chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda omwe amakhala ndi kutupa kwa chiwindi, chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chomwe chimachitika pamene chiwindi chimadwala. Izi zikhoza kukhala zosokoneza ngati muli ndi mtundu wa chiwindi chotchedwa hepatitis osati matenda opatsirana. Mawu akuti hepatitis angangowonongeka mu mawu akuti "hepa" omwe amatanthauza chiwindi, ndi "itis" omwe amatanthauza kutupa.
Mitundu
Zovuta motsutsana ndi matenda a Hepatitis
Mauthenga ovuta komanso aakulu samatchula mtundu wina wa chiwindi koma amapezeka pokhapokha panthawi ya zizindikiro (kapena matenda.) Madokotala kutupa kumene kumatenga miyezi yosachepera sikisitini kutuluka kwa hepatitis ndi kutupa kumene kumakhala kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, matenda a chiwindi.
Matenda opatsirana pogonana Osateteza matenda a chiwindi
Ngakhale pali zifukwa zambiri za kutupa kwa chiwindi, madokotala amawagawa m'magulu awiri: chiwindi cha chiwindi ndi chiwindi chopanda matenda.
Palinso zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimayambitsa kutsekula kwa chiwindi komanso kutsekula kwa chiwindi. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwa izi
Chilombo cha Hepatitis (Kutsekula Kwa Chiwindi)
Anthu ambiri akamaganizira za matenda a chiwindi, amakhala akuganiza za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Popeza mavairasiwa amafalitsidwa kuchokera kwa munthu wina, madokotala amawatcha kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a hepatitis. Pali mavairasi asanu amene amachititsa chiwindi, mayina pogwiritsa ntchito zilembo za alfabeti kuchokera ku A mpaka E.
Chomwe chimapangitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kusokonezeka ndikuti mavairasi onsewa amachititsa matenda osiyana siyana ndipo ali ndi njira yosiyana yofalitsira. Zina mwa matendawa zimayambitsa matenda aakulu a chiwindi.
Mavairasi a Hepatotropic A mpaka E ndi awa:
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Chiwindi cha chiwindi C
Matenda ena osati chiwindi cha hepatitis angayambe kutupa chiwindi, kapena chiwindi cha hepatitis. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Epstein-Barr HIV (EBV) - Amadziwika kuti infectious mononucleosis kapena "mono"
Matenda Osapatsirana Amagazi
Sizifukwa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa kutentha kwa chiwindi ndi matenda. Mankhwala monga mowa kapena mankhwala akhoza kukhala owopsa kwa chiwindi ndipo angayambitse kutupa. Kuonjezera apo, mavuto ena azachuma monga matenda a chibadwa ndi kagayidwe kake, chitetezo cha mthupi ndi kunenepa kwambiri, akhoza kuwononga chiwindi ndi kutsogolera. Popeza mitundu imeneyi ya hepatitis siingathe kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu mmodzi kupita kuchipatala, odwala amatcha chiwindi chopanda matenda. Ndipotu, "kunyalanyaza" kwa chiwindi chomwe chimabweretsa kutupa kumatengedwa kuti ndi matenda a chiwindi. Zina zosayambitsa matenda a hepatitis zikuphatikizapo:
- Matenda a chiwindi omwe amachititsa kuti thupi liziyambitsa matendawa
- Kuledzera kwauchidakwa (kumwa mowa kumayambitsa matenda osiyana a syndromes kuphatikizapo chiwindi cha chiwindi, mafuta a chiwindi, ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi)
- Kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a mankhwala osokoneza bongo (pali mankhwala ambiri omwe angachititse kutupa kwa chiwindi chomwe chimatha kusiyana ndi kufatsa mpaka kuopseza moyo)
- Mafuta ndi poizoni (chifukwa chiwindi chimagwira mosavuta ngati dongosolo la "detoxification", sizosadabwitsa kuti mankhwala ambiri ndi poizoni m'deralo zingayambitse kutupa)
- NASH kapena osamwa mowa wotchedwa steatohepatitis ( matenda osamwa kwambiri a chiwindi ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimapezeka kawirikawiri mwa iwo omwe ali olemera kwambiri kapena olemera kwambiri)
Mafomu Ena
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti si zachilendo kuti anthu akhale ndi mitundu yambiri ya chiwindi, ndipo kwenikweni, chiwindi cha D chimapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Kuwonjezera pa zozizira pamwambapa, monga mowa, pali ziŵerengero zochepa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chiwindi, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi kapena osachiritsika. Imodzi mwa izi ndi hemochromatosis , yomwe imakhala yosungirako chiwindi mu chiwindi, ndipo ina ndi yowonjezereka ya alpha-1-antitrypsin , yomwe imayambitsa chiwindi kusalimba ndi emphysema.
Zizindikiro
Zozizwitsa zosiyanasiyana zingayambike pakagwa kuvulala kwakukulu kapena koopsa. Chifukwa chiwindi chimagwira m'njira zosiyanasiyana malingana ndi chifukwa chake ndi kutupa, ndipo anthu ena ali ndi zizindikiro ndipo ena sali (matenda omwe amadziwika ngati asymptomatic), ndiye dokotala yekha angakuuzeni ngati muli ndi chiwindi.
Zizindikiro za matenda oopsa a chiwindi amatha kukhala otopa, malungo, kunyowa, ndi kusanza, koma izi ndizofala kwa matenda ambiri.
Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amagwirizana ndi matenda a chiwindi ndi ululu wa jaundice , chikasu cha zikopa ndi zoyera za maso, izi zimachitika pambuyo poti matendawa akhala akuchitika kwa nthawi ndithu. Zina mwazizindikiro zomwe zimachitika ngati matenda a chiwindi ndikutopa, minofu ndi mgwirizano, komanso kusowa kwa njala.
Pali zizindikiro zambiri za matenda a chiwindi omwe siwowonjezereka koma osafunika.
Kudziwa
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a hepatitis zimapanga njira zambiri zoyesa matenda . Chiyeso choyambirira ndikumverera chifukwa cha chiwindi chofutukuka, chomwe chimatchedwa hepatomegaly. Dokotala wanu adzachita mayeso awa pa nthawi yoyezetsa mankhwala; akapeza chiwindi chofutukuka, amafufuza zomwe zimayambitsa ndipo amatha kuyesa magazi.
Mayeso ena amagazi amawoneka ngati mavitamini ndi mapuloteni ena omwe angasokonezedwe akakhala ndi chiwindi. Mapangidwe a mavitamini a chiwindi (ALT ndi ALT) angapezeke ndi mayeso a magazi, ndipo mayesero ena angayang'ane zizindikiro za kutuluka kwa chiwindi ndi matenda ochuluka.
Komabe, kuyesera kwa magazi kumayang'ana umboni wa mavairasi enieni, kuchuluka kwa poizoni monga mowa kapena Tylenol kapena ngakhale zizindikiro za matenda a majini monga chitsulo kapena alpha-1 antitrypsin.
Kawirikawiri, matenda a hepatitis amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mayesero osiyanasiyana. Mayesero apamwamba angaphatikizepo pogwiritsa ntchito zamakono zamakono monga ultrasound, makina a compact axial tomography (CT) kapena kujambulira maginito (MRI).
Chiwindi cha chiwindi, kumene dokotala amachotsa chidutswa cha chiwindi ndikutumiza kuchipatala kuti akayesedwe, zingakhale zofunikira ngati zifukwa zomveka za kutupa sizingatheke kapena ngati madokotala amafunika kufotokoza kuchuluka kwa chiwindi zogwirizana. Popeza kutupa kwa chiwindi kumayambitsa mavuto a magazi, chiwindi cha chiwindi sizimapangidwa pokhapokha ngati chiwopsezo cha hepatitis sichingapezeke chifukwa cha mayesero ena.
Kulimbana
Ngakhale kuti mitundu ina ya matenda a chiwindi imatha msanga, mitundu ina imatha zaka makumi ambiri ndipo iyenera kuyang'aniridwa kwambiri ndi dokotala wanu. Kukhala ndi mtundu uliwonse wa chiwindi cha umphawi kumafuna kukhala ndi maudindo nthawi zonse azachipatala ndikutsata ndondomeko yanu ya mankhwala.
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala, dongosolo lanu la mankhwala lingaphatikizepo kusintha moyo wanu, monga kuletsa mowa ndi kukhala ndi thupi lolemera, lomwe limathandiza kuti matendawa asapitirire. Kusintha kwina kwa moyo kungakhale kofunikira kuti tipewe kufala kwa matendawa, ngati akuwopsa, kwa ena.
Pomaliza, funani ena omwe amakhala ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi. Magulu ambiri othandizira alipo kuti athandize kuphunzitsa ndi kuthandiza anthu ndi mabanja awo. Ndi maphunziro apang'ono ndi chithandizo, anthu omwe ali ndi chiwindi chamtundu akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wamphumphu.
Zotsatira:
Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Hepatitis ya Viral. Kusinthidwa 12/09/16. https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/
Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci, ndi Stephen L .. Hauser. Mfundo za Harrison za Mankhwala a M'kati. New York: maphunziro a Mc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.