Chidule cha Hepatitis
Chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi ndi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kutupa kwa chiwindi. Pamene timakonda kugwirizanitsa ndi matendawa, monga hepatitis B kapena C, palinso mitundu yosiyana ya matendawa, kuphatikizapo matenda a chiwindi ndi chiwindi chaukali.
Chiwindi cha matenda a shuga chikhoza kuchitika kapena popanda zizindikiro ndipo nthawi zambiri chingathetsere popanda kuchipatala. Ngati zizindikiro zikuchitika, pangakhale zizindikiro monga chikasu cha khungu ndi maso ( kupweteka kwa jaundice ), kusowa kwa njala, ndi kufooka kwakukulu, komwe kungakhale kwa milungu ingapo.
Matenda a Hepatitis Oopsa
Malingana ndi chifukwa chake, matenda a chiwindi amatha kukhala ngati ovuta kapena osasintha .
Nthawi zambiri matenda a chiwindi amayamba kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo nthawi zambiri amadzipatula, ndipo amayamba kuonetsa kuti ali ndi zizindikiro zowononga mafupa (kutentha thupi, kupweteka mutu, kupweteka, kupwetekedwa mtima) asanawonetsere ndi chifuwa, mitsempha yamdima, . Chiwindi chachikulu komanso kupweteka kwa m'mimba kapena kusokonezeka (kawirikawiri pamtundu wapamwamba kwambiri pansi pa nthiti) ndizofala.
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Hepatologist kapena Gastroenterologist? Kusankha Wodalirika Wachidziwitso
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Kodi HBeAg kapena Hepatitis B e-Antigen N'chiyani?
Kubwezeretsa kumatenga pafupifupi mwezi umodzi kapena apo, ngakhale nthawi zina makamaka makamaka ndi matenda a chiwindi a B-amatha miyezi inayi kuti zizindikiro zithetsedwe.
Matenda a chiwindi, omwe ndi odwala, ndi matenda opitirirabe. Zingakhale zosasamala zazitsulo m'mayambiriro oyambirira ndipo zimawoneka kokha ndi mayesero a labu. Komabe, pamene kutukuka kumapitirira pang'onopang'ono, kumatha kuyambitsa minofu yambiri (yotchedwa fibrosis ), yomwe ingalepheretse kutuluka mwazi ndi kutuluka m'chiwindi. Ngati chilonda chikupitiriza kukula, mphamvu ya chiwindi ikhonza kuchepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala ndi matenda otchedwa cirrhosis . Panthawiyi kuti matenda a chifuwa ndi zizindikiro zina zachipatala zingawoneke, makamaka ngati zizindikiro za matenda a chiwindi.
Zimayambitsa matenda a hepatitis ndi osiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito matenda a majini ndi kumwa mopitirira muyeso. Zifukwa zitatu zomwe zimayambitsa zikhoza kugawanika monga matenda opatsirana, osokoneza bongo, komanso osakaniza.
Matenda Opatsirana a Chiwindi
Ngakhale kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, timakhala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Izi zikuphatikizapo matenda a chiwindi omwe amayambitsa chilichonse kuchokera ku Salmonella ndi E. bacteria E. coli kupita ku zamoyo zomwe zimayambitsa chiwindi.
Malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa matenda, timakonda kuganizira za mavairasi a chiwindi, chifukwa anthu oposa 1.5 miliyoni amafa ndi matendawa chaka chilichonse. Mitundu isanu yomwe imakhala yofala kwambiri ndi yosiyana komanso imatha kusintha mosiyanasiyana, kupititsa patsogolo matenda, ndi njira zothandizira.
- Hepatitis A imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka hepatitis A (HAV) ndipo imafalitsidwa kudzera mu zakudya kapena madzi omwe awonongeke ndi zofunda zamtundu wa HAV. Izi zimapereka umboni wosonyeza kuti palibe vuto lililonse. Nthawi yowonjezera nthawiyi imakhala pakati pa masiku 14 ndi 48, ndikuchira kwathunthu kuchokera ku zizindikiro zovuta zomwe zimatenga miyezi iwiri. Katemera amapezeka omwe angathe kuteteza matenda a HAV kwa zaka 10.
- Hepatitis B imayambitsa matenda a hepatitis B (HBV) . Amafalitsidwa mwa kukhudzana ndi magazi opatsirana a HBV, nyemba, kapena matope, kaya panthawi yogonana kapena chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kugawana mazembera, kujambula kosasamala, kapena kuyamwitsa kungathenso kutulutsa kachilomboka. Hepatitis B ikhoza kupereka palimodzi mosalekeza, ndi nthawi yosakanikirana masiku 45 mpaka 160. Kuwonjezera pa katemera wa HBV awiri , pali mankhwala asanu ndi awiri omwe amavomereza FDA ogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a HBV. Ngakhale palibe mankhwala omwe angathe kuteteza kachilomboka, amatha kuteteza kachilombo ka HIV ndikuwononga chiwindi.
- Chiwindi cha matenda a hepatitis C chimayambitsa matenda a hepatitis C (HCV) . Chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi chafalikirachi chikufalikira kwambiri chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, koma chikhoza kupatsirana pogonana komanso kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana pamene ali ndi mimba. Nthawi yosakaniza imatha kuyambira masiku 14 mpaka 150. Ngakhale paliponse pakati pa 20 ndi 40 peresenti ya kachirombo ka HBV munthu amangoyeretsa kachilomboko popanda mankhwala kapena zizindikiro, otsala adzapita ku matenda aakulu. Ngakhale kuti palibe katemera woteteza matenda a HBV, mankhwala osokoneza bongo atsopano amatha kukhudza ma ARV opitirira 99 peresenti m'magulu ena.
- Chiwindi cha Dermatitis D chimayambitsa matenda a hepatitis D (HDV) ndipo imatha kuchitika ngati munthu ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV (HBV). Amayamba kufalitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso amawononga kwambiri mitundu yonse ya mavairasi (20 peresenti). Nthaŵi zambiri ku US, chiwindi cha D hepatitis D chikuwoneka makamaka m'mayiko osauka, monga m'madera akumwera kwa Sahara, Africa, ndi kumpoto kwa South America. Ngakhale katemera wa HBV amadziwika kuti ateteze matenda (popeza HDV sangathe kudziwonetsera yokha), zosankha zothandizira ndizosauka, ndipo 20 peresenti ya anthu omwe amatha kuchipatala amatha kupeza chikhululukiro cha tizilombo.
- Hepatitis E imayambitsidwa ndi matenda a hepatitis E (HEV) ndipo imafalikira makamaka kudzera m'madzi oipitsidwa m'madera osauka. Chiwindi cha E hepatitis E chikufala kwambiri ku India, Southeast Asia, Central America, ndi kumpoto ndi pakati. Nthawi yosakaniza imakhala pakati pa masiku 14 mpaka 60, ndipo matenda ambiri ovuta amathetsa okha. Komabe, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi ma chitetezo a chitetezo cha mthupi, matendawa amatha kupita ku matenda aakulu. Palibe katemera omwe alipo kuti athe kupewa matenda a HEV. Njira zochiritsira ndizochepa, ngakhale kuti zakhala zikuyendera bwino pokwaniritsa chilolezo cha mankhwala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a ribavirin .
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Zimene Mukuyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Mitundu 5 ya Viral Hepatitis
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Kodi Chiwopsezo cha Hepatitis B Surface Anti (HBsAb) Chimachitika Motani?
Zotsatira Zamatsenga za Hepatitis
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chiwindi ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kunenepa kwambiri, insulini kukana, ndi shuga. Sikutanthawuza kuti munthu "amachititsa" matenda awo a chiwindi, koma kuti pali zifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa munthu kukhala pachiopsezo chachikulu cha kutupa kwa chiwindi ndi kuvulala.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chiwindi (hepatitis) zingakhale zogawanika monga:
- Mankhwala obwera chifukwa cha uchidakwa, kuphatikizapo matenda a chiwindi, ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a chiwindi ku United States. Zimayamba kukula kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo zimadziwika kuti zimakhudza pafupifupi 10 mpaka 20 peresenti ya zidakwa. Kuopsa kwa chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi kumawoneka kuti chikugwirizana kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, ndipo kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kumatanthawuza oposa 80 magalamu a mowa pa tsiku amuna ndi 40 magalamu pa tsiku mwa amayi. Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kumadziwikanso kuti zimakhala zovuta kwambiri za matenda a chiwindi , makamaka chiwindi cha B ndi C.
- Chiwopsezo chowopsa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndicho chimayambitsa nambala iliyonse ya poizoni kapena mankhwala omwe munthu angakhale nawo. Zitha kuphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito acetaminophen (tylenol, paracetamol) , komanso mankhwala ambiri a zitsamba komanso zakudya zomwe zilipo pamsika. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo, anti-epileptics, mankhwala opatsirana kachilombo ka HIV, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, ndi anabolic steroids ali m'gulu la mankhwala omwe chiwopsezo cha chiwindi chikhoza kuchitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse.
- Matenda omwe si oledzeretsa a chiwindi (NAFLD) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya , kagulu kakang'ono ka matenda okhudzana ndi mimba, kuphatikizapo kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi chifuwa chokwanira, shuga, ndi kolesterol. Pamene NAFLD ikupita, zizindikiro za matenda a shuga angapitirire, kuwonetsa ndi kuchuluka kwa chiwindi cha kutupa kwa chiwindi ndi fibrosis. NAFLD lero ndilochitatu chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi ku US
Hepatitis Yodzichepetsa
Kuwopsa kwa matenda a chiwindi, mtundu wa matenda a autoimmune , ndi matenda omwe chitetezo cha thupi chimagonjetsa maselo a chiwindi. Matendawa amakhulupirira kuti ndi achibadwa, ndi anthu ena omwe amawotcha kutentha kwa chiwindi popanda mankhwala opatsirana kapena opatsirana. Kawirikawiri matenda a hepatitis amapezeka mwa amayi, omwe amakhala pakati pa zaka 15 ndi 40.
Zizindikiro zimatha kukhala wofatsa mpaka zovuta, ndi anthu ena omwe akudwala matenda a chiwindi (jaundice, kupweteka kwa m'mimba kumimba), pamene ena amasonyeza zizindikiro zowopsa (monga kutopa, aches, chiwerewere chosagwira ntchito).
Kuzindikira kuti matenda a hepatitis omwe amadzipangitsa kuti munthu asamadzimve bwino amachititsa kuti chiwindi chiwoneke . Njira zochiritsira zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a corticosteroid, prednisone kapena budesonide , onse awiri omwe angathe kukwaniritsa chiwopsezo cha pakati pa 60 ndi 80 peresenti.
> Zotsatira:
> Basra G, Basra S, ndi Parudupi S. Zizindikiro za matenda oopsa a chiwindi cha hepatitis. " World Journal of Hepatology. 2011; 35 (5): 118-120.
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Hepatitis ya Viral. Atlanta, Georgia.
> Kaplowitz N. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo. Matenda opatsirana pogonana. 2004; 38 (Suppl 2): S44-S48.
> Chitukuko cha National Diabetes ndi Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). Hepatitis Yodzichepetsa. Bethesda, Maryland.
> Rinella M. Nonalcoholic mafuta ambiri a chiwindi: kuwonetseratu. Journal ya American Medical Association. 2015; 313 (22): 2263-2273.