Hepatitis A ndi matenda omwe amakhudza anthu pafupifupi 32,000 chaka chilichonse ku United States komanso pafupifupi anthu mamiliyoni 1.4 padziko lonse lapansi. N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti ambiri amavutika chifukwa cha matendawa chifukwa chakuti matenda a chiwindi a A hepatitis A amalephera. Ngati aliyense amasamba m'manja nthawi zonse ndikukhala ndi madzi abwino, anthu amachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha matendawa komanso matenda a chiwindi a A chikhoza kukhala matenda osadziwika kwambiri.
Komabe, tili ndi chinthu chomwe chingathetseretu chiwindi cha A chiwindi: katemera wa hepatitis A. Kupyolera katemera, mutha kupewa matenda kuyambira pachiyambi.
Kodi Katemera wa Hepatitis A N'chiyani?
Katemera wa Hepatitis A ndi wokonzeka komanso wokonzekera kuti "chizoloŵezi" chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chitengere mphamvu zowononga chitetezo cha hepatitis A. Katemerayu amachita izi pogwiritsa ntchito mavairasi omwe amachititsa chitetezo cha mthupi m'thupi. "Chinyengo" ndi chakuti thupi lanu silizindikira kusiyana pakati pa mavairasi opanda mphamvu ndi mavairasi amoyo. Thupi lanu "lidzasintha" chitetezo chake cha mthupi monga injini yamphamvu ndikuyamba kupanga ma antibodies motsutsana ndi mavairasi osatetezedwa. Mankhwalawa amayamba kuyang'ana mavairasi a hepatitis A omwe angalowe m'thupi mwako ndipo adzakhala okonzeka ndi kuyembekezera kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitetezedwe ngati zilipo.
Pali katemera wambiri wofanana wa hepatitis A womwe umapezeka kwa anthu ku United States: HAVRIX ndi VAQTA.
Zonsezi zimapezeka kwa wina aliyense wazaka zakubadwa kapena zapakati ndipo zimafuna mlingo umodzi. Mufunika mlingo umodzi kuti muyambe thupi lanu, ndipo pakati pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndi 12 mumakhala ndi mlingo wachiwiri womwe umapereka kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a hepatitis A. Pali katemera wina, TWINRIX, koma ndi katemera wothandizira womwe umateteza matenda a chiwindi A ndi hepatitis B.
Amafuna mlingo umodzi ndipo amavomerezedwa kwa anthu azaka 18 kapena kuposerapo. Matenda onse a hepatitis A amapereka chitetezo chomwe chidzapitirira zaka 25 kwa omwe amametezedwa ngati akuluakulu komanso pakati pa 14-20 ndi zaka za katemera ngati ana.
Kodi Muyenera Kupewa Katemera?
Anthu ambiri adzalandira katemera. Komabe, anthu amene ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda a chiwindi cha A chifuwa amalimbikitsidwa kuti adzidwe.
Zomwe zikuchitika tsopano ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ndi izi:
- Ana onse omwe ali ndi chaka chimodzi.
- Anthu omwe amapita kudziko lomwe ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a chiwindi cha A chiwindi.
- Amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna ena.
- Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi, kuphatikizapo hepatitis B kapena hepatitis C.
- Anthu omwe amachiritsidwa ndi khungu lawo amatsindika.
- Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi nyama zomwe zimadwala matenda a chiwindi
- Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ku laboratore yafukufuku wa hepatitis A.
- Aliyense amene akufuna kukhala ndi chitetezo cha mthupi
Anthu ena sayenera katemera wa chiwindi cha hepatitis A. Izi zikuphatikizapo ana omwe ali osakwana chaka chimodzi komanso anthu omwe adayamba kudwala matenda a hepatitis A. Komanso, ngakhale kuti ziri bwino, mwina sizingakhale zofunikira kwa aliyense yemwe wakhala akudwala hepatitis A kuti adziwe katemera wa hepatitis A chifukwa mutakhala ndi hepatitis A, muyenera kukhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi.
Komabe, muyenera kutsimikiza kuti muli ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi A. Nthawi zina anthu amasokoneza mtundu umodzi wa chiwindi cha chiwindi ndi wina kapena samvetsetsa zotsatira zoyesedwa zomwe adalandira kale. Muyenera kukambirana ndi dokotala kuti mutsimikizire.
Kodi Izi Zimatetezedwa?
Inde. Katemera wa hepatitis A amawoneka kuti ndi otetezeka ndipo waperekedwa mamiliyoni ambiri . Zotsatira zofala kwambiri ndi kupweteka kozungulira pafupi ndi malo a jekeseni ndi zotsatira zowopsa ndizosazolowereka. Chifukwa chakuti amagwiritsira ntchito mavairasi osatetezedwa, katemera wa hepatitis A sangathe kuyambitsa matenda ndipo amawoneka kuti ali otetezeka kwa amayi omwe ali ndi pakati komanso anthu omwe asokoneza chitetezo cha mthupi (mwachitsanzo, yemwe ali ndi HIV).
Anthu omwe amadandaula kuti katemera amayambitsa matenda ena, monga autism ndi mercury, ayenera kudziwa kuti katemera wa hepatitis A sakhala ndi Thimerosal (mankhwala osungirako mankhwala omwe amatsitsimutsidwa ndi ena omwe amalimbikitsa kuti azigwirizana ndi autism) ndipo sagwirizana ku mavuto aliwonse azachipatala kupatulapo kawirikawiri osayankhidwa.
Kodi IG Ndi Chiyani?
Gulu la immune globulin, lomwe limatchedwanso IG, ndilo mtundu wa mankhwala opatsira katemera omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies mmalo mwa mavairasi. Katemera woterewu amatchedwa kuteteza chitetezo chifukwa zimatetezera popanda thupi lanu kuti lichite chirichonse. Ngati munthu akudziwika kuti ali ndi vutoli komanso kuti asatenge katemera wonse, chitetezo chabwino kwa anthu ena chikhoza kukhala ndi katemera wa immune globulin ndi hepatitis A. Ena ayenera kutenga chimodzi kapena chimzake. Lankhulani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kuti muone ngati mukugwirizana nazo.
- Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza chitetezo cha m'thupi, werengani Kodi Immune Globulin Ndi Chiyani?
- Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza yemwe ayenera kutetezedwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi, werengani Immune Globulin kwa Chiwindi cha A Heb .
Kodi Ndingapezeke Kuti Katemera Wachiwindi A?
Wodwala aliyense wathandi akhoza kukupatsani katemera wa chiwindi cha matenda a hepatitis A. Komabe, izi zimakhala zosavuta kuchita kuchipatala chachipatala kapena kuchipatala chachikulu. Dera kapena dera lachipatala madokotala nthawi zambiri amapereka makanki opatsirana omwe angakhale aufulu kapena amafuna ndalama zochepa chabe.
Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. June 23, 2008. Hepatitis A.
> Pickering, LK (ed), Buku Lofiira: Lipoti la Komiti ya Matenda Opatsirana , 26 e. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2003. 311-318.