Mankhwala a Immune globulin, omwe amadziwikanso kuti IG, ndi mankhwala apadera oteteza katemera. Ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi ma antibodies osiyanasiyana omwe amachokera ku magazi oyeretsedwa a mazana mazana omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuteteza munthu ku matenda enaake. Popeza IG ili ndi ma antibodies, ikhoza kuthandizira kuchepa kwa matenda kapena kuchiteteza kuti zisayambe.
Chomwe chimapangitsa IG kukhala chothandiza ndi chakuti chingakutetezeni musanayambe kudwala matenda enaake.
Kodi IG amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Magazi ndi chinthu chophweka, chokhala ndi madzi chomwe chimapangidwa ndi maselo (maselo ofiira a magazi ndi maselo oyera a m'magazi) akuyandama mu mapuloteni olemera otchedwa "plasma," omwe ali ndi ma antibodies ofunika omwe amateteza ku matenda. IG imapangidwa kuchokera ku gawo la plasma la magazi, lomwe limasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kwa operekera osachepera 1,000 kuti atsimikizire kuti kufalitsa ma antibodies kwatha. Plasma imatsukidwa, yomwe imapangitsa kukhala yotetezeka kugwiritsira ntchito.Kodi kusiyana kwa IG ndi katemera ndi kotani?
IG ndi chinthu chopangidwa ndi ma antibodies omwe mwachilengedwe amapangidwa ndi thupi kuti ateteze ku matenda ena. Katemera ndi chinthu chomwe chimakhala ndi mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa thupi kupanga ma antibodies ambiri.Mukapeza mlingo wa IG, mukupeza antibodies omwe ali okonzeka kuyamba mwamsanga kuteteza thupi lanu.
Katemera, amafunika kuti mavairasi kapena mabakiteriya asakanikidwe poyamba kuti chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chitangoyamba kupanga ma antibodies. Izi zikufotokozera chifukwa chake IG imayamba kugwira ntchito mwamsanga komanso chifukwa chake IG imapereka miyezi yochepa chabe ya chitetezo (kawirikawiri pafupifupi miyezi itatu), pamene katemera amatenga masabata angapo kuti apindule koma amateteza zaka zambiri.
Kodi ndimalandira bwanji IG?
Ambiri IG amaperekedwa monga jekeseni wa m'mimba. Ndimadzi ozizira kwambiri, kotero imayikidwa mu minofu yaikulu (kawirikawiri mumadoko akuluakulu kapena kutsogolo kwa chifuwa kwa ana). Mfuti imaperekedwa ndi namwino, koma nthawi zina dokotala.Kodi IG Ndi Otetezeka?
Inde, IG imalingaliridwa kuti ndi yotetezeka, chifukwa zotsatira zowopsa kwa mlingo ndizosazolowereka. Popeza IG ndi wandiweyani madzi, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopweteka kwambiri pakapita kapena pambuyo pa jekeseni, koma izi ndizosautsa pang'ono. Zotsatira zina zowononga zimayambira, kupwetekedwa mutu, kukhumudwa ndi mseru. Kuchita kwakukulu kungaphatikize kupweteka pamtima, kupuma kupweteka kapena anaphylaxis, koma ndizosazolowereka kwambiri. IG ilibe thimerosal ndipo imayesedwa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa magazi, kuphatikizapo syphilis , chiwindi cha B , chiwindi cha hepatitis C ndi HIV . Komanso, boma la United States limafuna opanga kutsatira njira zazikulu zotetezera, zomwe zatsimikizira kuti IG sinafalitsa matenda. IG ndi otetezeka kwa amayi apakati ndi amayi omwe akuyamwitsa.IG sivomerezedwa kwa anthu ena. Izi zikuphatikizapo anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yokhudza mmene IG ndi anthu omwe ali ndi thrombocytopenia.
Kodi Pali Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya IG?
Inde, kuwonjezera pa IG yozolowereka, pali hyperimmune globulin, yomwe imakhala yofanana ndi nthawi zonse ya immune globulin kupatula kuti ili ndi wambiri wodwala wodwala m'malo mogawira mitundu yambiri ya ma antibodies. Palinso IG makamaka okonzekera kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mwakhama, otchedwa "IGIV."Kodi Chilombo cha Hepatitis Chimachitika ndi IG?
Matenda a chitetezo cha m'magazi amapezeka kuti athe kuchizira matenda a hepatitis A ndi hepatitis B.Zotsatira:
Dienstag, JL. Hepatitis Yowopsa. Mu: AS Fauci, E Braunwald, DL Kasper, SL Hauser, DL Longo, JL Jameson, J Loscaizo (eds), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine , 17e. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2008.
Pickering, LK (ed), Buku Lofiira: Lipoti la Komiti ya Matenda Opatsirana , 26 e. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2003. 54-56.
Sjogren, MH. Matenda a Chiwindi A: M Feldman, LS Friedman, LJ Brandt (eds), Matumbo ndi Matenda a Chiwindi , 8e. Philadelphia, Elsevier, 2006. 1639.