Hepatitis A, B, C, D, ndi E
Pali mitundu isanu ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, A, B, C, D, ndi E, yomwe imayambitsa matenda a chiwindi. Phunzirani za momwe mungapezere aliyense wa mavairasiwa, momwe mungapititsire kwa anthu ena, matenda omwe amachititsa, ndi mankhwala.
Hepatitis A
Chiwindi cha Edzi chimayambitsa kudya ndi madzi akumwa omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a HAV. Zitha kuchitanso chifukwa cha kugonana kwachinsinsi pa nthawi yogonana.
Ngakhale kuti imayambitsa kutupa ndi kutupa pachiwindi, sizimayambitsa matenda aakulu, kapena kuti moyo wautali, matenda. Pafupifupi aliyense amene ali ndi matenda a hepatitis A amachira. Pali katemera wa matenda a chiwindi A omwe angaperekedwe kwa ana kapena akuluakulu omwe ali pangozi. Kuchita ukhondo wabwino komanso kusamba m'manja kungathandizenso kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda a hepatitis A.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B imayambitsidwa ndi HIV HBV. Iyo imafalitsidwa mwa kukhudzana ndi magazi a munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo, nyemba, kapena thupi linalake. Ndipo, ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana (STD) . Mukhoza kutenga hepatitis B ndi:
- Kugonana mosatetezeka (osagwiritsira ntchito kondomu) ndi munthu wodwala.
- Kugawaniza singano za mankhwala (chifukwa cha mankhwala osagwirizana ndi heroin ndi cocaine kapena mankhwala ovomerezeka monga mavitamini ndi steroids).
- Kulemba zojambulazo kapena kuboola thupi ndi singano (zowonongeka) za singano ndi zipangizo zomwe zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa wina.
- Kuponyedwa ndi singano yomwe yatenga magazi pa iyo (ogwira ntchito zachipatala akhoza kutenga hepatitis B motere).
- Kugawana nsabwe, mano, kapena zinthu zina za munthu ndi munthu wodwala.
- Mayi amene ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV angapereke chiwindi chakumwa B kwa mwana wake pobadwa kapena kudzera mkaka wa m'mawere.
- Kupyolera mu kuluma kuchokera kwa munthu wina.
Ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi B, chiwindi chimakula. Hepatitis B ikhoza kukhala matenda aakulu omwe angayambitse chiwindi, zomwe zingayambitse khansa.
Anthu ena sangathe kuchotsa kachilombo ka HIV, kamene kamapangitsa kuti matendawa asakhalenso aakulu, kapena kuti moyo wautali. Mabanki a magazi amayesa kupereka magazi kwa chiwindi cha B, kuchepetsa kwambiri chiwopsezo chotenga kachilombo koyambitsa magazi kapena mankhwala.
Pali katemera wa chiwindi cha mtundu wa B ndipo akulimbikitsidwa kwa aliyense, kuyambira makanda mpaka akulu, kuti asatenge matendawa.
Chiwindi cha chiwindi C
Hepatitis C imayambitsidwa ndi kachirombo ka HIV. Imafalikira mofanana ndi matenda a hepatitis B, kupyolera mwa kukhudzana ndi magazi a munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo, nyemba, kapena thupi laumadzi (onani pamwambapa). Monga chiwindi cha hepatitis B, chiwindi cha hepatitis C chimayambitsa kutupa kwa chiwindi ndipo chingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi chomwe chingayambitse khansa. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi chiwindi cha mtundu wa C amakhala ndi matenda aakulu. Izi zingayambitse chiwindi cha chiwindi, chotchedwa cirrhosis. Mabanki a magazi amayesa kupatsa magazi ku chiwindi cha chiwindi cha C, kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo koyambitsa magazi kapena mankhwala. Palibe katemera wa chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi C. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zonse zomwe mungapewere kuti musamawononge magazi ndi thupi lanu, monga momwe mulili ndi HIV.
Hepatitis D
Hepatitis D imayambitsidwa ndi HIVV. Mungathe kutenga hepatitis D pokhapokha ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka hepatitis B. Mwaziwu umapezeka kudzera mwa magazi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, ma singano odetsedwa omwe ali ndi HDV pa iwo, komanso kugonana kosatetezeka (osagwiritsira ntchito kondomu) ndi munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Chiwindi cha Dermatitis D chimapangitsa kutupa kwa chiwindi. Kuteteza matenda a chiwindi (B) ndi kutemera katemera wa magazi ndi thupi ndi njira yabwino yothetsera matenda a chiwindi.
Hepatitis E
Chiwindi cha Edzi chimayambitsa matenda a HEV. Mukudwala matenda a hepatitis E ndi madzi akumwa omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Mtundu uwu wa chiwindi cha hepatitis sichipezeka nthawi zambiri ku US Iwo umayambitsa kutupa kwa chiwindi, koma palibe kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yaitali. Ikhozanso kufalikira kudzera kulankhulana kwa-oral. Palibe katemera wa kachilomboka. Yesetsani kukhala aukhondo komanso kupewa madzi amphepete mukamayenda padziko lonse.
Chitsime:
> Hepatitis A kudzera E (Viral Hepatitis) | NIDDK. National Institutes of Health. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/viral-hepatitis.