Kuwopsa kwa Chiwindi Ndi Chakhumi Chachiwiri Chifukwa Cha Imfa ku US
Cirrhosis ndi chiwindi chachikulu cha chiwindi chimachitidwa ndi kuvulazidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Kuwonongeka kumachitika chifukwa cha kutupa kosalekeza komanso kosalekeza, kaŵirikaŵiri poyang'anira matenda aakulu a kachilombo monga matenda a chiwindi kapena matenda osokoneza bongo.
Chiwindi chimatha kudzikonza chokha koma pamene chimamanga minofu yazing'ono, sichikhoza kugwira bwino.
Pakapita nthawi, pamene kuchuluka kwa scarring kukuwonjezeka komanso kuyendayenda kwa chiwindi kumachepa, ntchito yaikulu ya chiwindi imasokonezeka. Nthawi zina, izi zingayambitse chiwindi komanso ngakhale imfa.
Anthu oposa 1 miliyoni amamwalira chaka chilichonse chaka chilichonse, kuphatikizapo 30,000 kuphatikizapo ku US. Masiku ano, dziko la 12 ndilo lomwe limayambitsa imfa, lomwe limakhudza amuna ambiri mofanana ndi momwe amachitira akazi.
Zimayambitsa Cirrhosis
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chiwindi ndi chiwerewere chauchidakwa, chiwindi cha hepatitis B , chiwindi cha hepatitis C ndi matenda osagwidwa ndi mafuta a chiwindi .
- Chiwindi cha matenda a Hepatitis C chimayambitsa chiwerengero cha matenda a chiwindi ku US, komanso chiwonetsero cha chiwindi cha chiwindi.
- Matenda okhudzana ndi chiwerewere amatsatirana kumbuyo ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala oledzeretsa mowa kwa zaka zingapo (pafupipafupi, kuposa zakumwa ziwiri pa tsiku kwa amayi ndi atatu pa amuna khumi kapena kuposerapo).
- Ngakhale kuti matenda a chiwindi a B si ofala kwambiri ku US, amawononga anthu osachepera 1%, mitengo imatha kufika 5% kapena kuposa m'mayiko ambiri osauka.
- Matenda omwe sali oledzeretsa a chiwindi amadziwika ndi kunenepa kwambiri, komanso matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi cholesterol yapamwamba. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amadzimadzi, omwe amadziwika ndi chiuno chachikulu, high triglycerides, chiwerengero cha mafuta m'thupi, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi, komanso kuchuluka kwa maselo a m'magazi, amatha kudwala matenda a chiwindi.
Zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chibwibwi zimatsekedwa ndi ntchentche za chiwindi ndi ndulu, matenda a chiwindi, ndi matenda obadwa monga Wilson's disease kapena hemochromatosis .
Zizindikiro za Cirrhosis
Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi cha chiwindi kuchokera kumayambiriro-stage fibrosis kupita ku cirrhosis kumatengera zaka, ndipo ngakhale zaka zambiri, kusonyeza chizindikiro. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zizindikiro zochepa.
Pamene zizindikiro zikuwoneka, nthawi zina amadziwika bwino, osanyalanyazidwa, kapena amadziwika ndi zina zomwe zingayambitse. Pamene matendawa akufalikira, zizindikiro zowonjezera zikhoza kuonekera ndipo zikuphatikizapo:
- kutopa
- kufooka
- kuyabwa
- kusowa kwa njala
- kulemera
- kunyoza
- kuphwanya mosavuta
- jaundice (chikasu cha khungu ndi / kapena maso)
- kangaude angioma (khungu la kangaude pakhungu, kawirikawiri kuzungulira mphuno ndi masaya)
- edema (kutukumula kwa mapazi, mitsempha, ndi miyendo chifukwa cha madzi akumwa)
- mimba yopingasa kuchokera ku ascites (mimba yamadzi m'mimba)
Zambiri mwa zizindikirozi zimayambitsidwa ndi kutsekula kwapachipatala , zomwe zimathandiza kuti magazi asapitirire ku chiwindi.
Kuzindikira kwa Cirrhosis
Chiwindi cha chiwindi ndi njira yolondola kwambiri yodziwira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kuyeretsa bwinobwino chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi.
Zida zambiri zowunika magazi ndi zida zojambula (kuphatikizapo ultrasound, CT scan ndi, MRI) zingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyang'anira matenda.
Ma cirrhosis akhoza kutchulidwa kawirikawiri ngati amalipiritsa kapena apindula . Kulimbitsa chiwindi kumangokhala chiwindi chowonongeka chomwe chimakhalabe chogwira ntchito, pamene chifuwa chosokonezeka chimasonyeza kuti chiwindi sichiri kugwira ntchito. Ngati mavuto sangathe kulamulidwa pamene chiwindi sichitha kugwira, chiwindi cha chiwindi chimasonyezedwa.
Pafupifupi 5% mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi amayamba kukhala ndi hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) , omwe amakhala ndi khansa ya chiwindi.
Kuchiza Cirrhosis
Kuchiza kwa cirrhosis kumadalira makamaka chifukwa ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa.
Pamene vutoli likhale chizindikiro, pali njira zingapo zomwe ziyenera kuthandizidwa kuti kuchepetsa kupitirira kwa chiwindi cha chiwindi, kuphatikizapo:
- Kupewa mowa ndi zinthu zoletsedwa (kufunafuna mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ngati kuli kofunikira).
- Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kudya zakudya zonenepa kwambiri.
- Kupewa nsomba zofiira, zomwe ziri ndi bakiteriya zomwe zingayambitse matenda aakulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda akuluakulu a chiwindi.
- Katemera wa hepatitis A ndi hepatitis B , komanso kuyerekezera matenda a chiwindi a C.
- Mankhwala opatsirana pogonana a hepatitis B ndi hepatitis C.
- Kuchiza zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chibwibwi (mwachitsanzo, ursodiol chifukwa chokhala ndi mabotolo ).
Zotsatira:
National Institute of Diabetes ndi Matenda a Kumimba ndi Impso. "Cirrhosis." Bethesda, Maryland; yafika pa January 1, 2015.
Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). "Imfa: Final Data ya 2010." Lipoti lachiwerengero cha anthu ofunika kwambiri. May 8, 2013; 61 (4): 1-118.