Kumvetsetsa zolimbikitsa ndi ziyeneretso za kuikidwa kwa chiwindi
Kuwombera kwa chiwindi nthawi zina ndi njira yokhayo yothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu a chiwindi kapena aakulu. Kupititsa patsogolo kwa chiwindikiro cha chiwindi kwachititsa kuti chiwerengero cha moyo chikhale chokwanira kwambiri, ndipo 58 peresenti ya olandirako apulumuka kwa zaka 15.
Kuwombera kwa chiwindi poyamba kunachitika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, ngakhale kuti adayesedwa kwambiri mpaka pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1980 pamene panali njira zopangira opaleshoni yabwino komanso njira zabwino zothetsera kukanidwa kwazitsulo.
Masiku ano, kupitirira kwa 6,000 kuwonjezeka kwa chiwindi kumachitika pachaka.
Zomwe Zisonkhezera Zowonjezera Chiwindi
Chifukwa chiwerengero cha chiwindi ndi chokwera mtengo ndipo chimakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu, madokotala amalimbikitsa iwo ngati njira yomaliza. Izi zimachitika pamene chiwindi sichigwira ntchito, ndipo mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha chiwindi sangathe kulamulidwa.
Zina mwa zifukwa zowonjezera zowonjezera chiwindi:
- Matenda osokoneza bongo kuchokera kumtundu wina uliwonse, kuphatikizapo matenda a chiwindi a B kapena C, chiwindi chakumwa chauchidakwa, ndi matenda osakwanira a chiwindi. Ngakhale kuti matenda a cirrhosis okha sali chizindikiro chokweza, zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi (monga kuperewera kwa magazi, kuperekera magazi, kapena ascites ) nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolimbikitsa.
- Ena khansa ya chiwindi , cholangiocarcinoma inlcuding, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), zizindikiro zapachilombo zapachipatala komanso zizindikiro za adenomas.
- Kulephera kwa Fulminant kwapadera chifukwa cha chiwindi cha matenda a chiwindi (A, B, D ndi kawirikawiri C), mankhwala okhudzana ndi chiwindi amalephera, hepatic thrombosis, matenda a Wilson kapena zifukwa zina.
- Kutaya kwakukulu kwa ma ducts, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti biliary cirrhosis ndi sclerosing cholangitis.
Kuyenerera kwa Kuwedza kwa Chiwindi
N'zosadabwitsa kuti anthu ambiri amafunika kuwonjezera chiwindi kuposa momwe angaperekere. Chifukwa cha ichi, akatswiri a ndondomeko ya zaumoyo apanga chiŵerengero cha Model for End-Stage Chilwere cha Matenda (MELD) , njira yomwe amagwiritsira ntchito kuyesa kuopsa kwa matenda aakulu a chiwindi komanso kuthandizira odwala kuti asamalidwe.
Njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, kuphatikizapo zofunikira za Milan , zomwe zimayenerera munthu makamaka kukula ndi / kapena kuchuluka kwa zilonda za chiwindi (ie, osati zazikulu kuposa masentimita asanu, kapena zosaposa zitatu zotupa zofanana kapena zosachepera 3 masentimita mu kukula).
Ngakhale kuti matupi ena angapangidwe kuti angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku matenda aliwonse omwe amachititsa kuti chiwindi chikhale chosalephereka komanso chosatha, nthawi zambiri pamakhala njira zingapo zopangira zisankho.
Bungwe la US lomwe likuyimira anthu omwe ali ndi ziwindi zomwe zilipo ndi United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS). Bungwe lopanda phindu likugwira ntchito pansi pa mgwirizano wa boma la Federal kuti lifanane ndi kupereka ziwalo.
Kusindikiza kwa chiwindikiro cha chiwindi
Kuwongolera kwa chiwindikiro cha chiwindi ndizo zomwe zingathe kuwonjezera mwayi wa imfa kwa wolandira kapena zingathe kuchititsa kulephera kapena kukana kusamba. Zina mwa zotsutsana zokhudzana ndi kuziika:
- Zoledzeretsa zamakono kapena mankhwala
- Matenda a mtima kapena mapapo
- Khansa (osati kuphatikiza khansa ya chiwindi kapena kansa ya khungu ya osalanoma)
- Zofooka zoopsa komanso zambiri zomwe zingabweretse kufa msanga
- Matenda ena osadziletsa kapena matenda owopsa
Palinso zosiyana zotsutsana , zomwe zimatchedwa chifukwa zimatha kapena sizikutsutsana ndi chithandizo malinga ndi kuunika kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo, kuphatikizapo:
- Ukalamba (wamkulu kuposa zaka 65)
- Kulephera kwa impso
- Kunenepa kwambiri
- Matenda osowa zakudya
- HIV (ngakhale zochepa zovuta kwa odwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV)
- Wopuma mapapo opatsirana kwambiri
- Matenda oopsa, osatetezedwa (kapena osatetezedwa)
Zotsatira:
American Liver Foundation. "Zowonjezera Za Mphatso ya Mgwirizano." New York, New York; zasinthidwa pa January 15, 2015.
Duffy, J ;; Vardanian, A .; Benjamin, E ;; et al. "Zizindikiro Zopangira Chiwindi Kwa Hepatocellular Carcinoma Iyenera Kuwonjezeka." Annals of Surgery. September 2007; 246 (3): 502-511.
Iruzubieta, P .; Crespo, J ;; ndi Fabrega, E. "Kupulumuka Kwanthaŵi Yaitali Kuchokera Kuika Chiwindi kwa Matenda a Chiwindi." World Journal of Gastroenterology. December 28, 2013; 19 (48): 9198-9208