Kusagwirizana ndi Matenda Opatsirana Mwachibadwa
Mawu akuti "neurotypical" ndi atsopano, koma akukhala otchuka kwambiri m'masukulu, pamisonkhano ndi zochitika za autism, komanso mu ofesi za odwala. Ilibe tanthauzo lenileni la zamankhwala kapena lingaliro. Sichifotokoza umunthu wina, khalidwe kapena maluso. Tanthawuzo likhoza kuyankhulidwa kuchokera ku chinthu choipa komanso chabwino:
- Anthu odwala matendawa ndi anthu omwe alibe matenda a autism kapena wina aliyense waluso kapena chitukuko chosiyana.
- Munthu "wodwala matenda a m'magazi" ndi munthu amene amaganiza, amadziwa, komanso amachita zinthu zomwe zimaonedwa ngati "zachibadwa" ndi anthu ambiri.
Kodi "Zachibadwa" N'zotani?
Ndizowona kuti n'zosatheka kukhala ndi vuto lililonse lachitukuko. Koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa "zachibadwa," ndi "osapezedwa." Kuwonjezera pamenepo, palibe chikhazikitso, chilengedwe chonse chimamveka kuti "chachibadwa."
Ndipotu, malingaliro "abwino" ndi makhalidwe amasiyana mosiyana malinga ndi chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe, chikhalidwe, ndi zina zambiri. M'mayiko ena, mwachitsanzo, kuyang'ana maso kumayang'aniridwa; mwa ena, amaonedwa kuti ndi amwano. M'madera ena, kuyanjana ndi anthu omwe sali alendo kumaonedwa kuti ndibwinobwino pamene ena amaonedwa kuti ndi osamvetsetseka komanso osayika.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa makhalidwe ena, osati chifukwa cha vuto la chitukuko kapena lingaliro, kungakhale kusamvetsetsana. Mwachitsanzo, anthu a LGBT angadzitengere kunja kwa magulu ambiri a anthu popanda kukhala ndi vuto lililonse la matenda omwe angapirire. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi anthu a magulu ena achipembedzo.
Matenda a Neurotypicals mu Mgwirizano wa Ziphuphu
Kusuntha kwa ubongo kumamangidwa ponseponse lingaliro lakuti zosiyana zosiyana monga autism ndi ADHD sizovuta kuti zichitire koma zosiyana zimayenera kulemekezedwa . Anthu a kayendetsedwe ka ubongo nthawi zambiri amatsutsana ndi lingaliro la machiritso a autism.
Pakafika chaka cha 2014, mawu oti "neurotypical" anali atakhala okhutira kuti akhale mutu wa zolemba za PBS zomwe zimaphatikizapo anthu odzidzimutsa omwe amafotokoza maganizo awo enieni pazochitika za "zachikhalidwe": Pambuyo pa dziko lapansi la Violet wazaka 4, mnyamata wa Nicholas ndi Paula, yemwe ali ndi zaka zapakati pazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, pamodzi ndi mafilimu ena omwe amatsutsana ndi zochitika zina, filimuyo imakamba za mavuto omwe amakumana nawo pakati pa anthu "ozolowereka" omwe ambiri amachitcha kuti "mankhwala".
Lingaliro la zokhudzana ndi ubongo ndilotsutsana. Makolo ambiri a ana autistic amaona kuti autism ndidi matenda omwe ayenera kupewa ndi kuchiritsidwa. Ochepa odzipereka okha autistic amagwirizana nawo malingaliro awo. Momwemo, kusiyana maganizo kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kusiyana kwa zochitika pawekha. Pamene autism ikulepheretsa kwambiri kapena imachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopweteka kwambiri, nthawi zambiri limawoneka ngati matenda.
Mwachizindikiro chomwe, pamene autism ndi gwero la luso ndi kunyada, limakhala lopindulitsa.
Matenda a Neurotypicals Kuchokera Mwamaganizo Ovomerezeka
Kuchokera m'magulu a autism, anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti m'maganizo mwawo muli makhalidwe abwino omwe anthu omwe ali ndi autism ambiri alibe. Mwachidziwitso, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti:
- akhale ndi luso loyankhulana komanso loyankhulana , zomwe zimawathandiza kuti aziyenda mwatsopano kapena zovuta;
- kupeza zosavuta kupanga mabwenzi ndi kukhazikitsa ubale wapamtima ndi kumvetsetsa "malo osadziwika" a makhalidwe oyembekezeka omwe amakhudzidwa bwino kuntchito komanso m'madera ammidzi;
- alibe zovuta , chifukwa amapeza kuti zimakhala zosavuta kutenga nawo mbali zozizwitsa , zowopsya , kapena zooneka bwino.
Pazifukwa zochepa, nthawi zina zimayang'aniridwa ndi anthu pa autism spectrum chifukwa cha kufuna kwawo mosakayikira kutsatira chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe akulamula. Mwachitsanzo, zimaganiziridwa kuti ndizowopsa kwambiri kuposa anthu omwe ali ndi autism kuti:
- tenga nawo mbali pang'ono
- auzani zoyera (kapena osati-zoyera) zabodza
- Pitirizani kuti mugwirizanitsane ngakhale pamene zikutanthauza kuti muzichita zachiwerewere
- Kugonana popanda kuganizira kwambiri za zotsatira zapakati pazifukwa
- amazunza ena kuti apindule nawo
- kukhala wokonda mpikisano kapena nsanje
Pali anthu ochepa okha omwe amakwaniritsa zochitika zokhudzana ndi ubongo monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa. Anthu ambiri omwe sali ovomerezeka omwe sangakwanitse kupeza chithunzithunzi chilichonse cha chitukuko ndi amanyazi, osagwirizana ndi anthu, ndipo zimakhala zovuta kukhazikitsa ndi kusunga maubwenzi ndi chibwenzi. Kuwonjezera apo, ndithudi, pali anthu ambiri "omwe amadziwika bwino" omwe amapewa kumenyana, kuzunzidwa, kuyankhula kochepa, ndi makhalidwe ena ovuta.
> Zosowa
> Larsen, Adam (Mtsogoleri). Nthenda zamagetsi. PBS, Point of View. July, 2013.
> Merriam Webster Dictionary. Nthenda zamagetsi. Merriam Webster. Webusaiti. 2017.