Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi gallstones, mudzafunika chithandizo, pokhapokha ngati sakuwoneka. Zikatero, dokotala wanu adziŵe ngati chithandizo chili chofunikira malinga ndi momwe mulili. Ngati mukusowa chithandizo, opaleshoni (cholecystectomy) ndi zomwe dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni.
Opaleshoni
Kuchita opaleshoni kuchotsa ndulu ndiyo njira yofala kwambiri yothandizira zilonda zam'madzi.
Ndipotu, opaleshoni yamagulu, yotchedwa cholecystectomy, ndi imodzi mwa opaleshoni yomwe anthu ambiri amawapeza.
Mwamwayi, mukhoza kukhala bwino popanda chiwalo ichi. Komabe, peresenti yaing'ono ingayambe kutsekula m'mimba kuchokera kuwonjezeka kwa bile ikulowa m'matumbo aang'ono. M'matenda ambiri, bile imatuluka kuchokera ku chiwindi kudzera m'matumbo mpaka m'mimba, ndipo palibe kusintha komwe kumachitika mu chimbudzi.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Kuchita opaleshoni kuchotsa ndulu yanu kumatchedwa laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Chifukwa cha opaleshoniyi, dokotalayu amachita zinthu zingapo zing'onozing'ono m'mimba mwako ndipo amaika zipangizo zopangira opaleshoni komanso kamera kamakono kakang'ono. Kamera imatumiza chithunzi chokweza kuchokera mkati mwa thupi lanu kupita ku kanema kanema, ndikupatsa opaleshoni kuyang'ana koyang'ana kwa ziwalo zanu ndi ziphuphu zanu.
Pamene mukuyang'anitsitsa mawotchi, dokotalayu amagwiritsa ntchito zidazo kuti athetsekanitsa ndulu yanu ku chiwindi, mazira, ndi zina.
Njira yanu yothandizila imadulidwa ndipo ndulu yanu imachotsedwa kudzera mwa imodzi yazing'ono.
Chifukwa minofu ya m'mimba siyidulidwe pa opaleshoni ya laparoscopic, odwala amakhala ndi ululu wochepa komanso mavuto ochepa kuposa momwe akanatha kukhalira opaleshoni pogwiritsa ntchito makina aakulu pamimba. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kubwerera kunyumba tsiku lomwelo, ndizochita zosavuta mlungu uliwonse.
Tsegulani Cholecystectomy
Ngati dokotalayu akupeza zovuta zonse pa njira ya laparoscopic, monga matenda kapena kuperewera kwa ntchito zina, gulu loyendetsa ntchito liyenera kusinthira ku opaleshoni yoyamba. Nthawi zina, zopingazi zimadziwika musanachite opaleshoni yanu ndipo opaleshoni yotsegukayo imakonzedwa.
Icho chimatchedwa opaleshoni yotseguka chifukwa dokotalayu ayenera kupanga incision 5 mpaka 8-inch mu mimba yanu kuchotsa ndulu yanu. Izi ndizochita opaleshoni yaikulu ndipo zingafunikire kwa sabata kukhala m'chipatala ndi masabata angapo kufikira mwezi wochira kunyumba.
Opaleshoni yotseguka imafunika pafupifupi 5 peresenti ya ntchito zamagulu.
Matenda Opangira Opaleshoni
Kawirikawiri vuto la opaleshoni ya ndulu ndi kuvulala kwa ducts ya bile. Kuvulala komwe kumakhala koopsa kwambiri kungachititse kuti thupi likhale lopweteka komanso limapweteka kwambiri. Kuvulala kosavuta nthawi zina kumachiritsidwa mosagwira ntchito. Kuvulaza kwakukuru, komabe, ndi koopsa kwambiri ndipo kumafuna opaleshoni yowonjezera.
Ngati ndondomeko zili m'zinyalala zanu, dokotalayo angagwiritse ntchito endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) kuti awachotsere kapena asanachite opaleshoni ya ndulu . Kamvetsedwe kameneka kamakhala m'mimba mwanu, dokotalayo amapeza malo omwe amawombera.
Chida pa endoscope chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula njira, ndipo mwalawo umagwidwa mudengu kakang'ono ndikuchotsedwa ndi endoscope.
Nthaŵi zina, munthu amene ali ndi cholecystectomy amapezeka ndi gallstone mu bile ducts milungu, miyezi, kapena zaka pambuyo opaleshoni. Njira ziwiri za ERCP ndondomeko zambiri zimachokera pochotsa mwalawo.
Ndondomeko ndi Zamankhwala
Njira zamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pa nthawi yapadera, monga pamene matenda anu amaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa miyala ya kolesterolini. Miyala ikubwezeretsanso chithandizo chamankhwala pafupifupi theka la nthawi.
Mankhwalawa ndi awa:
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku bile acid amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa miyalayi. Mankhwalawa-Actigall (ursodiol), mwachitsanzo-agwiritse ntchito bwino miyala yaing'ono ya cholesterol yomwe ili yochepa. Zitha kutenga miyezi kapena zaka zachipatala kuti miyala yonse isasungunuke, ngati atatero. Mankhwala onsewa amachititsa kutsegula m'mimba, ndipo chenodiol imatha kuchepetsa kagawolasi m'magazi ndi transaminase ya chiwindi.
- Zokwanira zozizwitsa zam'madzi (ESWL): Mankhwalawa amagwiritsa ntchito mafunde oopsya kuti aswe miyala kuti ikhale zidutswa zing'onozing'ono zomwe zingathe kudutsa m'matope a bile popanda kuwononga. Mipikisano ya colic biliary (ululu waukulu) amavomereza pambuyo pochiritsidwa, ndipo kupambana kwa ESWL sikumveka kwambiri. Mafuta otsalira nthawi zina amatha kusungunuka ndi mankhwala. Mankhwalawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.
- Zoterezi Zomwe Zidapangidwira (ERCP): Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, madokotala ena amagwiritsa ntchito ERCP, kuphatikizapo endoscopy ndi X-rays, kuchotsa miyala pa njira yowonjezera ya bile.
- Cholecystostomy percutaneous: Njirayi yowonjezereka imaphatikizapo kuika catheter mu ndulu yanu kuti athetse kutupa, nthawi zambiri mpaka mutatha opaleshoni kapena mankhwala ena. Mwala wina ukhoza kuchotsedwa mwa catheter patapita masabata angapo pokhapokha kupanga njanji yayikulu mokwanira kuti ilowetse, koma njirayi siigwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Mankhwala Osakaniza
Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina zothandizira pakuthandizira kapena kuteteza ndondomeko zamakono ndizochepa, zotsatirazi zowonongeka zomwe zingathandize kutetezedwa kuti zisamayambitsenso nyamakazi:
Fiber
Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti kutsatira zakudya zowonjezera zowonjezera kungathandize kuti cholesterol mu bile chiwombankhanga, kuteteza miyala yamatabwa. Powonjezerani kuti mumagwiritsa ntchito fiber, yomwe imachepetsa kutaya kwa deoxycholic acid poyambitsa kusintha kwa zinthu zitatu zomwe zimayambitsa kuchepetsa kutentha kwa mafuta m'thupi, mungathe kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi mitsempha yambiri.
Nsalu zamadzimadzi zomwe zimathandiza ndi monga guar gum ndi pectin, komanso mitundu ina ya mchere, kuphatikizapo mandimu, chimanga cha tirigu, ndi soy fiber. Zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndizochokera; kupindula kwa mitsempha kumawonekera m'munsi mwazomwe mumakhala zomera zamasamba. Zina zowonjezereka zimaphatikizapo mbewu zonse, nyemba, mbewu za psyllium , ndi mafakitale.
Vitamini C
Pofufuza anthu akuluakulu okwana 2,129, ofufuza anapeza kuti kuchepa kwa nsomba zamtunduwu kumakhudzana ndi kumwa mavitamini C nthawi zonse. Izi zati, kafukufuku wambiri sanawonetse kuti mavitamini amagwira ntchito kuti asokoneze nyamakazi. Vitamini C, yomwe ili yofunika kuti mutembenuzire cholesterol kukhala bile acids, imapezeka mu zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba (kuphatikizapo citrus, zipatso, broccoli, ndi kale), komanso mawonekedwe .
Nthata Yamadzi
Silibinin, kampani yomwe imapezeka mu nthiti ya mkaka , imapezeka kuti imachepetsa mpweya wa cholesterol mu bile, zomwe zingateteze mitsempha yosapanga. Komabe, deta pa izi ndi yochepa ndipo zotsatirazi sizitsimikiziridwa. Komanso, dziwani kuti anthu ena ali ndi vuto la mkaka nthula.
Funsani Dokotala Wanu
Chifukwa cha kafukufuku wochepa, ndiposachedwa kwambiri kuti alangize mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala osamalidwa kuti athetse kapena kuteteza gallstones. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti kudziletsa nokha ndi kupewa kapena kuchepetsa kusamalidwa koyenera kungakhale ndi zotsatira zoopsa.
Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osayenera, onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala woyamba, makamaka chifukwa njira zina zingasokoneze ena. Izi zati, msempha ndi gawo lalikulu la zakudya, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndizoyenera kwa anthu ambiri.
> Zotsatira:
> Gaby AR. Njira Zowonjezera Zakudya Zopewera ndi Chithandizo cha Mitsempha. Kupenda Mankhwala Osakaniza . September 2009; 14 (3): 258-67.
> Chitukuko cha National Diabetes ndi Matenda a Kumimba ndi Impso. Chithandizo cha Mazithunzi. National Institutes of Health. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States. Kusinthidwa November 2017.
> Walcher T, Haenle MM, Kron M, ndi al. Vitamini C Kuwonjezera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Pangateteze Kulimbana ndi Magalasi: Chidziwitso Choyang'ana pa Anthu Osawerengeka Osawerengeka. BMC Gastroenterolog y. 2009; 9: 74. lembani: 10.1186 / 1471-230X-9-74.
> Zakko SF. Kuchiza Kwachipatala kwa Magalasi. Zaposachedwa. Idasinthidwa pa January 15, 2018.