Phunzirani za Knee Anatomy Yogwirizana
Bondo limodzi ndi gawo la kumapeto kwenikweni . Ndimagulu a ntchafu ndi mwendo, ndipo ndi mgwirizano. Mgwirizano umangobwerera m'mbuyo mwa ndege (mosiyana ndi mzere wa mpira ndi mthunzi). Bondo limodzi limapweteka kwambiri. Kumvetsetsa mmene thupi lanu likugwiritsira ntchito bondo kungakuthandizeni kumvetsa zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la bondo .
Mitsinje Kuzungulira Knee
Pali mafupa atatu omwe amabwera palimodzi pa mawondo awo. Mfupa (tibia), fupa la ntchafu (femur), ndi kneecap (patella) ndi mbali iliyonse yofunika ya mawondo. Pfupa lachinayi, la fibula, lili pafupi ndi fupa lamphongo (tibia) ndi mawondo, ndipo limatha kugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'maondo.
Tibia, femur, ndi patella, zonsezi zimakhala ndi khungu losalala (onani m'munsimu) kumene amayanjana pamadzulo. Palinso fupa laling'ono lotchedwa fabella, lomwe nthawi zambiri lili pambali pa mawondo. Mtundu wa fupa wotchedwa sesamoid bone (kutanthauza kuti umakhala mkati mwa tendon), fabella ndizochepa chabe chifukwa cha ntchito ya mawondo. Amapezeka pafupifupi 25% mwa anthu.
Katundu wa Knee
Pali mitundu iwiri ya kadoti ya bondo. Katemera wotchedwa articular cartilage ndi lala labwino lomwe limaphatikiza mapeto a fupa.
Pamene chovala chosalala chotchedwa articular cartilage chalefuka, nyamakazi ya knee ndiyo zotsatira. Cartilage ndi njira yokhazikika yomwe imalepheretsa kuwonongeka, koma ikavulazidwa imakhala yovuta kuchiritsa.
Mtundu wina wa kadoti mumphindi umatchedwa meniscus. Anthu akamakamba za ' misozi ,' nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito meniscus misozi .
Meniscus ndizozizira kwambiri zomwe zimakhala pakati pa mapeto a fupa la mafupa komanso pamwamba pa fupa la fupa.
Ligaments of the Knee
Majekesenti ndi mapangidwe omwe amagwirizanitsa mafupa awiri pamodzi. Pali zitsulo zinayi zazikulu zomwe zimayendetsa bondo. Zili ziwirizi zimakhala pakati pa mgwirizano, ndipo zimadutsa. Izi zimatchedwa " cruciate ligaments" , ndipo zimakhala ndi ziwalo zogwiritsira ntchito , ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri .
Mgwirizano umodzi uli mbali iliyonse ya mawondo a mawondo; chitsimikizo chamagulu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pambali, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito pang'onopang'ono . Kuvulala kwa mliri kumabweretsa madandaulo a kusalimba kwa mawondo.
Minofu ndi Tendons Zazungulira Knee
Mitundu imalumikiza mawondo kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo. Mtedza umagwirizanitsa minofu mpaka fupa. Pamene minofu ikugwirizanitsa, tendons imatengedwa, ndipo fupa limasuntha. Bondo limodzi limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi magulu awiri akuluakulu a minofu. Minofu ya quadriceps imapereka nyonga ndi mphamvu ndi kutambasula kwa mawondo (kuwongolera) ndi minofu ya hamstrings imalola mphamvu ndi mphamvu pansalu (kupindika). Thonje la patellar patsogolo pa bondo ndilo gawo la quadriceps.
Mitundu ina yaing'ono yamtunduwu imayendanso pambali.
Synovium ndi Synovial Fluid
The synovium ndi chida cha malo olowa. The synovium ndi mzere wa minofu yomwe imatanthawuza malo olowa. Maselo a synovial amachititsa madzi otsekemera, owopsa kwambiri omwe amatchedwa synovial fluid mumphindi. Pazifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa kwa mgwirizano, pangakhale kuchulukanso kwa madzi otulutsa synovial, omwe amachititsa kutupa kwa bondo.