Metastasis ndi mawu ogwiritsira ntchito kufotokoza chotupa chimene chafalikira kunja kwa malo ake oyambirira. Khansara yapamtunda yamatumbo, metastasis yamatumbo imapezeka m'mapapu kapena chiwindi. Ziphuphuzi zimapezeka panthawi yomwe munapezeka kuti muli ndi khansa yamtundu, ngati mukubwereranso , kapena ngati khansara imapeza mphamvu ndipo ikupitiriza kukula ndi kufalikira.
Kusonyeza Zizindikiro za Metastasis
Nthaŵi zina, zizindikiro za metastasis ya chiwindi zimayamba kusonyeza musanayese mayesero omwe amatsimikizira.
Ngakhale zizindikiro zina zikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira za mankhwala, zizindikiro za chiwindi cha metastasis zimaphatikizapo:
- Kutopa kwambiri
- Nausea ndi kusowa kwa njala
- Kuthamanga kapena kutsegula m'mimba
- Khungu lachitsulo
- Maso a khungu kapena khungu
- Mimba yamimba
Ngakhale zizindikirozi siziri konkrete, zikhoza kusonyeza kuvulala kwa chiwindi. Monga zotupa zimayambira pachiwindi, zimachepetsa mphamvu yake yogwirira ntchito bwino. Chiwindi chanu chili ndi maudindo ofunika kwambiri kuphatikizapo mphamvu yopezera moyo kuti thupi lanu ligwiritse ntchito shuga ndi kubwezeretsanso zinyalala m'thupi.
Monga zotupa zimakula mkatikati mwa chiwindi, zizindikiro zimatha kuwonjezeka. Pamene mapuloteni m'magazi anu amachepa, madzimadzi amatha kulowa m'mimba ndikupangitsa kuti kusungunuka ndi kusungunuka kumayambitsa matenda a chiwindi. Kuwonjezeka kwa madzi m'mimba mwako kungayambitsenso kutupa ndi kupweteka m'makutu ndi mapazi, makamaka atakhala kapena atakhala nthawi yaitali.
Kutsimikizira Chigamulo
Matenda a chiwindi amatha kupezeka poyesera magazi kapena atsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso okhudza chiopsezo kapena m'mimba za computed tomography (CT). Mankhwala ovuta kwambiri a mayeso amagwiritsira ntchito kutsimikizira kukayikira kwa metastasis kapena kukula kwa khansa ndiko kuyesa magazi. Magazi amayesedwa kuti apangidwe zizindikiro zowonongeka .
Choyimitsa chotupa chingakhale ndi mapuloteni okhudzana ndi mtundu wina wa khansara. Kwa khansa yapadera, chotupa chimene dokotala amayang'ana m'magazi anu ndi mtundu wa mapuloteni otchedwa carcinoembryonic antigen, kapena CEA . Chotupitsa chiwindi cha khansa ya chiwindi ndi metastasis amatchedwa alpha fetoprotein kapena AFP.
Kuwona zizindikiro zamagazi m'magazi sikupereka umboni wosatsimikizika wa metastasis. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kukwera chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo-zomwe zimakhala zowonongeka (kapena kusowa) kwa mankhwala a chemotherapy . Pamene chemotherapy imapha maselo a khansa , amatha kumasula mapuloteniwa m'magazi anu, omwe amachititsa kanthawi kochepa pamatenda anu otupa. Dokotala wanu ayang'ana kuyesa kwa magazi panthawiyi ndipo amaphatikiza zotsatirapo ndi zotsatira zake zachipatala.
A CT ya mimba yanu ingasonyeze metastasis ya chiwindi, makamaka ngati chogwiritsira ntchito chikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Osiyanitsa amafotokozera chithunzichi ndikulola dokotala kuti aone zambiri, koma sikuti nthawi zonse ndi zofunika. Ngati ndizofunika, chingwe chachikulu cha singano (kapena, chabwino cha singano ) chikhoza kulamulidwa panthawi imodzimodziyo ngati mimba ya m'mimba ya CT. Pogwiritsa ntchito singano yochepa kwambiri, dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito CT kuti apeze ndi kupatula chiwindi cha chiwindi ndi kutulutsa maselo ang'onoang'ono a maselo.
Wodwala akuyang'ana maselo pansi pa microscope ndikudziŵa ngati khansara yayamba kufalikira ku colon kapena ngati khansara ya chiwindi ndi khansara yatsopano, yodziimira. Izi zingakhudze njira zamankhwala zomwe mungasankhe, zizindikiro, ndi sewero lanu la khansa.
Kufufuza Njira Zothandizira
Pali njira zingapo zomwe dokotala angayandikire pakuchitira zilonda za chiwindi. Akhoza kupereka opaleshoni, operekera mankhwala kapena opaleshoni. Ndondomeko yanu ya mankhwala imadalira zinthu ziwiri, kuphatikizapo:
- Sewero ndi kalasi ya khansa yanu
- Zaka zanu ndi thanzi labwino
- Chiwerengero ndi malo a zotupa zili pachiwindi
- Thanzi la chiwindi chanu chosakhudzidwa
- Ngati mitsempha kapena mitsempha yanu ili pafupi ndi zotupa mu chiwindi chanu
- Mtundu wa mankhwala omwe mwakhala mukupirira (chemotherapy, radiation, kapena opaleshoni) kuti muchepetse khansa yoyamba ya khansa
Kuchotsa opaleshoni ya chiwindi cha chiwindi chimatchedwa resection. Kawirikawiri, dokotala amangoti opaleshoniyo ngati chotupacho chiri chokhachokha ndipo ngati chingachotsedwe kwathunthu (zotupa imodzi kapena ziwiri ndi malire ofotokozedwa bwino).
Kupuma kwa abambo (komwe kumatchedwanso RFA) ndi njira yomwe nthawi zina amagwiritsira ntchito kuwononga zilonda m'chiwindi ngati opaleshoni resection sizosankha. RFA ikhoza kutsirizidwa kudzera pakhungu (podutsa) kapena pa opaleshoni. Nsale kapena pulojekiti imapangitsa kutentha kupyolera mu mafilimu, omwe amawotcha ndi kuwononga maselo a kansa.
Njira Zochiritsira Zolimbitsa Thupi
Ngati adokotala asankha kuti simukufuna kuti mutenge resection kapena RFA, iye angalimbikitse njira zochizira matenda kuti mutonthoze ndi chitetezo chanu. Kawirikawiri, kukonza madzi ndi kutupa m'mimba mwako kungayambitse komanso kumatha kugwiritsa ntchito kuchotsa ultrasound. Ndondomekoyi, yotchedwa paracentesis kapena pampopu ya m'mimba, imafuna singano kuti imwe madzi owonjezera. Mankhwalawa adzakonzanso, kotero ndondomeko ikhoza kubwereza milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo.
Ma radiation ndi chemotherapy amatha kupeweranso kukula ndi kufalikira kwa chiwindi cha metastasis. Mankhwalawa sali oyenera kuti "achiritse" khansara, koma kuti athe kuchepetsa mavuto omwe amapezeka ndi ziwindi za chiwindi.
Zotsatira:
American Cancer Society. (2006). Buku Lopatulika la American Cancer Society Loyamba kwa Khansa Yoyamba . Clifton Fields, NE: American Cancer Society.
American Cancer Society. (nd). Kodi Timor Markers Zimagwiritsidwa Ntchito Bwanji?
National Cancer Institute. (nd). Gawo lachinayi ndi khansa yowonongeka.