Tanthauzo: Zolemba Zizindikiro
Mankhwala amtundu ndi zinthu zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndi maselo a khansa kapena zimapangidwa ndi thupi pochita ndi chotupa chomwe chilipo. Maselo ozolowereka amapanganso zinthu izi, koma zimapangidwa ndi zochuluka kwambiri ndi maselo a khansa.
Zizindikiro zamagazi zimayikidwa m'magazi kapena mkodzo.
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa zizindikirozi ndiko kutsatira khansa yodziwika.
Pachifukwa ichi kuchepetsedwa kwa msinkhu wa chotupachi kungakhale chizindikiro chakuti chotupa chikucheperachepera kukula (mwa kulankhula kwina, kuti mankhwalawa akugwira ntchito,) koma kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo kungatanthauze kuti chotupa chikupitirira. Zizindikiro zoberekera sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha, komabe zimagwirizana ndi kuyeza kwa dokotala ndi maphunziro ena monga CT.
Nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza ndi khansa. Chitsanzo cha izi ndikuwoneka ngati seva ya PSA monga chithunzi cha kansa ya prostate .
Zitsanzo za zotupa zotupa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu khansa ya m'mapapo zimaphatikizapo carcinoembryonic antigen ( CEA ) mu kansa yaing'ono ya m'mapapo ya m'mapapo , ndi nthenda yeniyeni yeniyeni (NSE), yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito motsatira khansa yaing'ono ya m'mapapo .
Zitsanzo: Gloria adakhumudwa kuti chotupa chake chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira chithandizo chake cha khansa yamapapu chawonjezeka, koma chinatsitsimutsidwa kuti chotupa chake chinalidi kuchepa kukula pa CT scan.