Ngati Anakana kapena Kusankhidwa ...
Palibe lamulo limodzi lokha limene limakhudza anthu ogontha komanso ovuta kumva. M'malo mwake, malamulo angapo amalankhula zakumva komanso kutaya kumva ngati olumala, ndipo malamulo ena ndi ofunikira kwambiri kuposa ena.
Kuzindikira Kumva ndi Kutsegulira Kumayambiriro (EHDI) kumathandiza kuti mwana aliyense wakhanda azisamalidwe kuti asamveke atamva kuti asanatuluke kuchipatala. Ngati kuyang'ana koyambirira sikudapitsidwira, kuyerekezera kumvetsetsa kwakumvetsera kumatsirizidwa ndi miyezi itatu.
Ngati kulira kwakumva kulipo, kulembetsa mu pulogalamu ya pulogalamu yowonjezereka ya boma kudzatsirizidwa ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Anthu omwe ali ndi Disability Education Act (IDEA) amapereka kwaulere, zoyenera zoyenera kuthandizira kuyambira pa kubadwa mpaka zaka zitatu ndikuphimba sukulu (zaka 3-21). Ngati wophunzira ali woyenera pansi pa IDEA kapena ali ndi pulani ya 504, sukuluyo iyenera kuonetsetsa kuti zothandizira kumvetsera zikugwira ntchito bwino, wophunzira amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono (monga FM), komanso kuti omwe amagwiritsa ntchito luso lapadera - kuphatikizapo aphunzitsi - ali ophunzitsidwa bwino mu chisamaliro ndi kugwiritsa ntchito teknoloji.
A America ndi Disability Act (ADA) ali ndi magawo asanu. Mutu Ndikuika ntchito ndikugwiritsira ntchito makampani ogwira ntchito 15 kapena oposa. Lachiwiri limatsimikizira kuti ntchito zonse za boma ndi zowonongeka zapakhomo zimapezeka kwa anthu olumala. Mutu III umanena kuti malonda onse otseguka kwa anthu, mosasamala kukula, ayenera kupezeka.
Mutu IV umapanga msonkhano wadziko lonse kuti pakhale telefoni kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lokumva komanso / kapena kulemala. Mutu V ndi gulu losiyana.
Ngakhale ADA ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo ena onse, Fair Housing Act ikugwiranso ntchito kumalo okhala. The Fair Housing Act imaletsa kusankhana kwa anthu olumala m'maboma a anthu kapena apadera.
Izi zimatsimikizira kuti ogwira ntchito zapakhomo amapanga malo abwino oti apeze malo ogwira ntchito ndipo amalola anthu olumala kupanga zosinthika (ngakhale kuti izi zingakhale zokha) ku nyumba. Ntchitoyi inachititsanso kuti pakhomo pakhomo pakhomo pakhomo pakhomo pakhomo pakhomo pakhomo.
Pulezidenti wa Obama wa Zaka mazana awiri ndi makumi awiri (CVAA) unakhazikitsidwa mu 2010 ndi Purezidenti Obama. CVAA yakhazikitsanso malamulo a mauthenga a boma ndipo ikuphatikizapo kufikitsidwa kwa intaneti kwa anthu olumala.
Kumvetsera Kwachithandizo Chakugwirizana kwa Malamulo kumafuna kuti matelefoni onse, kuphatikizapo matelefoni opanda pakompyuta, azikhala ovomerezeka kumva, komanso ANSI idavotera. Chiwerengero cha 4 chikutanthauza kuti foni imagwiritsidwa ntchito, 5 ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo 6 kapena kupambana bwino kumasonyeza bwino ntchito ndi zothandizira kumva.
The Air Carriers Access Act (ACAA) imapereka malo okhala kwa anthu olumala ndi ndege za US ndi zakunja. Munthu wodwala ayenera kulola ndegeyo kudziwa zaumalema ndi momwe amafunira kuyankhulana kuti aperekedwe. Lamuloli limatsimikizira kuti ma TV ndizolembedwa pambwalo la ndege ndipo galu yothandizira akhoza kutsagana ndi mwini wake. Nthaŵi zina, monga ogwira ntchito osamva osaona, ndegeyo ingafune munthu wothandizira kuti apite ndi munthu wodwala.
Pali malamulo ambiri oteteza ufulu wa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kumva; ngati mukuona kuti mwasankhidwa, choyamba ndicho kudziwa malamulo omwe alipo kuti mutetezedwe.
> Zotsatira:
> Achimereka Achilemala Act (nd). National Association of the Deaf .
> Chidziwitso cha Chithandizo ndi Zachipatala pa Malamulo Achibwana Achimereka (nd). United States Dipatimenti Yachilungamo Gawo la Civil Rights Division .
> Zaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri zoyankhulana ndi zowonjezereka Act (nd). Bungwe la Federal Communication Commission .
> Atumiki Olemala (1/06/2010). Chitetezo cha Ogwiritsira Ntchito Magetsi ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito - US Department of Transportation.
> Kumvetsetsa Kumvetsera Kulumikizana kwa Mafoni Osayenerera (nd). Bungwe la Federal Communication Commission.
> Ufulu Wolemala M'nyumba (nd). Dipatimenti ya Zamalonda ndi Kukula kwa Midzi.
> Zokhudza Kuzindikira Kumayambiriro kwa Kumvetsera ndi Kupewera (EHDI) Mapulogalamu a State (02/18/2015). Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda .
> Kumanga Cholowa: IDEA 2004. Dipatimenti Yophunzitsa US .
Kusinthidwa ndi Melissa Karp, Au.D.