Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro Zowonetsera
Kuchulukira ndi pamene mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena mankhwala ena akuthamanga kunja kwa mitsempha kapena pakhungu, zomwe zimayambitsa. Mu chemotherapy, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagawidwa m'magulu awiri osiyana chifukwa cha zotsatira zomwe ali nazo pamatenda pamene amachotsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Zowonjezera za Irritants
Mankhwala okhumudwitsa ndiwo omwe amachititsa kuti minofu iwonongeke posakhalitsa.
Ngati pali mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mungaone kuwala kofiira, kutupa, kunyeketsa komanso kusokonezeka pa malo a catheter yanu (intravenous IV).
Ngati imodzi mwa mankhwalawa imatuluka, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu amasiya mankhwalawa, yambani mankhwala atsopano ndipo perekani mankhwala otsalawo kudzera mu malo atsopano. Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo amachititsa kuti malowa akhale omasuka. Wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala angakulimbikitseni mankhwala ochepetsa kupweteka, monga Tylenol, ndi compresses ozizira ngati pakufunikira.
Zitsanzo zina zowopsya zomwe zimaperekedwa pochizira khansa ya khansa ya m'magazi , cytarabine, bleomycin, etoposide, ndi dacarbazine.
Kuchulukitsa kwa Vesicants
Mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala omwe angathe kuwononga minofu ngati atayamwa kunja kwa mitsempha. Pankhani iyi, mudzaonanso kufiira ndi kutupa, koma zikutheka kuti kusokonezeka pa malo achinayi kudzaonekera kwambiri.
Zina mwa zizindikiro za extravasation zingakhale zosaoneka kufikira maola angapo zitachitika. Malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe amachokera padera, pangakhale phokoso, kupukuta ndi kunyezimira kwa khungu pamwamba pa tsamba. N'zotheka kutenga masiku angapo kuti chisawonongeke chathunthu chiwonongeke.
Kufunika kwa chovala chowonjezera chimadalira mankhwala enieni, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala, ndondomeko ya mankhwala ndi zochita zomwe zimachotsedwa mwamsanga pambuyo pa extravasation.
Namwino wanu kapena dokotala amaletsa mankhwalawo ndikuyesera kufunafuna mankhwala ambiri omwe angathe. Zidzakhala zotentha kapena zozizira (malinga ndi mankhwala) ndipo zingayesetse kugwiritsa ntchito kapena jekeseni mankhwala othandizira kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu. Ngati pali kufiira, gulu lanu la thanzi likulongosola malo omwe ali ndi chizindikiro kuti athe kudziwa ngati zikuyenda bwino kapena zoipa. Monga ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo extravasation, wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adzafunika kupereka mankhwala otsala a mankhwalawa kudzera mu malo ena atsopano.
Muyenera kuwona dokotala wa opaleshoni ngati pali kuwonongeka kwa minofu.
Zitsanzo za mankhwala osokoneza bongo zikuphatikizapo vincristine, vinblastine, vinorelbine, idarubicin, doxorubicin, ndi daunorubicin.
Udindo Wanu Poteteza Zovuta Zambiri
Ngakhale anamwino ndi madokotala amene akukupatsani chemo akuphunzitsidwa kupereka mankhwalawa, ngozi zingachitike. Ngati chemo yanu ili pangozi yaikulu yowonongeka, dokotala wanu angasankhe kuika catheter yapakati (CVC) . Zowonjezera kuchokera ku CVC, pamene akadali zotheka, ndizosavuta kwambiri.
Kwa gawo lanu, pali zinthu zingapo zimene mungachite kuti muteteze zowonjezera:
- Tsatirani malo anu otetezeka kapena CVC mosamala.
- Pewani kugwiritsira ntchito malo kapena mazenera pa nthawi yomwe mumalowa.
- Mulole kuti namwino kapena dokotala wanu adziwe mwamsanga ngati mutayamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro zowotcha, kudula kapena kuyabwa kuzungulira IV yanu panthawi yopuma.
- Ngati muwona chifuwa chilichonse kapena kutupa mutachoka kuchipatala, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga.
Kuphatikiza Pamwamba
Chemotherapy ndizosazolowereka kwambiri. Chizindikiro cha mankhwala monga chovala kapena chokhumudwitsa chingathandize kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka komwe kungayambitse. Pamene sitepe iliyonse imatengedwa kuti iteteze extravasation, ikhoza kuchitikabe.
Udindo wanu monga wodwala ndiwulole kuti namwino wanu kapena adokotala adziwe ngati mukuwona kusintha kulikonse mu tsamba lanu lopangira mkati kapena pambuyo pake.
Zotsatira:
Goodman, M. Chemotherapy: Mfundo Zowonongeka. Ku Yarbro, C., Frogge, M., Goodman, M., Groenwald, S. eds (2000) Uchikulire wa Khansa: Mfundo ndi Zochita 5th American Cancer Society, Jones ndi Bartlett: Sudbury, MA.
JA Pérez Fidalgo, MD, ndi. al. "Kusamalira chemotherapy extravasation: Malangizo a ESMO-EONS Clinical Practice Guidelines." Annals of Oncology Voliyumu 23, Ndime ya 7, Pp. vii167-vii173.