Mayeso Othandiza Kapena Odwala Matenda a Chiwindi A B
Matenda a hepatitis B (HBsAg) ndi oyezetsa magazi kuti adziwe ngati wina ali ndi kachilombo ka hepatitis B. Ngati zipezeka, pamodzi ndi ma antibodies, zimatanthauza kuti munthuyo ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV . Ngati magazi anu ali othandiza kwa HBsAg, zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa ndipo mukhoza kuwapereka kwa anthu ena kudzera mwazi wanu kapena madzi amadzi.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B ndi matenda aakulu a chiwindi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a hepatitis B (HBV). Kwa anthu ena, kachilombo ka HIV kamakhala kosalekeza, kutanthauza kuti kumatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kukhala ndi matenda a chiwindi otchedwa B kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi chiwindi, chiwindi cha chiwindi kapena chiwindi, chomwe chimayambitsa chiwindi chosatha cha chiwindi.
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a hepatitis B omwe amakula amatha kuchira, ngakhale zizindikiro zawo zili zovuta. Ana ndi ana ambiri amakhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a shuga. Katemera akhoza kuteteza chiwindi cha B, koma palibe mankhwala ngati muli nacho. Ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV, kuteteza njira zina zingathandize kupewa kufalitsa HBV kwa ena.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za matenda a hepatitis B, kuyambira wofatsa mpaka woopsa, kawirikawiri amawonekera pafupi miyezi inayi kapena inayi mutalandira kachilomboka. Zingaphatikizepo izi:
- Kupweteka m'mimba
- Mtsinje wakuda
- Fever
- Chisoni chophatikizana
- Kutaya njala
- Nsowa ndi kusanza
- Kufooka ndi kutopa
- Khungu la khungu lanu ndi azungu a maso anu (jaundice)
Zimayambitsa
Vuto la Hepatitis B laperekedwa kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu kudzera mwazi, umuna kapena madzi ena.
Njira zambiri zomwe HBV imafalitsidwa ndizo:
- Kugonana. Mukhoza kutenga kachilomboka ngati mukugonana mosatetezeka ndi wokondedwa yemwe ali ndi magazi, saliva, nyemba, kapena zobisika za m'mimba mwathu.
- Kugawana kwa singano. HBV imafalitsidwa mosavuta kudzera mu singano ndi syringes zonyansa ndi magazi. Kugawana mankhwala osokoneza bongo (IV) kumayambitsa chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a chiwindi B.
- Nkhuni zachitsulo zosayembekezereka. Hepatitis B ndizodera nkhawa anthu ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi wina aliyense amene amakumana ndi magazi a munthu.
- Amayi mpaka mwana. Amayi oyembekezera omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amatha kupatsira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa nthawi yobereka. Komabe, mwana wakhanda akhoza katemera kuti asatenge kachilombo kawiri konse. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuyesedwa kwa hepatitis B ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukufuna kutenga mimba.
Ngati muli otetezeka kwa HBsAg, magazi anu ndi madzi a thupi lanu ali ndi kachilomboka ndipo mukhoza kuwapereka kwa ena.
Zambiri Zokhudza HBsAg
HBsAg, yomwe imatulutsidwa mkati mwa miyezi inayi kapena isanu ndi umodzi mu matenda omwe sali ochepa (matenda omwe amadzipangira okha), amatha kuwoneka m'magazi nthawi zonse matenda opatsirana (matenda omwe amabwera mwadzidzidzi) ndi matenda aakulu (matenda omwe amatenga nthawi yaitali kuposa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi). Kuphatikiza pa zizindikiro zomwe wodwala ali nazo, ma antibodies ena akhoza kuyesedwa kuti adziwe kusiyana pakati pa matenda opatsirana ndi achilendo.
Pakatikati pa kachilombo ka hepatitis B ndi DNA, yomwe ili ndi majeremusi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuti adziwonetsere.
Kuzungulira DNA ndi mapuloteni otchedwa HBcAG (hepatitis B core antigen), omwe sangathe kudziwika ndi kuyesera magazi. Pafupi ndi HBsAg, yomwe kwenikweni ili mbali ya zotetezera "envelopu." Envelopu iyi imayambitsa kachilomboka ndipo imatetezedwa ku chitetezo cha thupi. Komabe, chitetezo cha mthupi ndi bwino kupyolera mu envelopu iyi kuti iphe HIV. Pamene zimatero, zotsalira za mapuloteni otetezeka m'magazi zimasiyidwa m'magazi ngati zowonongeka, zomwe mayesero a ma labata amatha kuzindikira.
Kuyeza Kuyesedwa kwa Hepatitis B
Mwazi wanu ukhoza kuwonetsedwa kwa HBV pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Mayesero atatuwa akuphatikizapo HBsAg, antibody kwa HBsAg, ndi antibody kwa hepatitis B core antigen.
Izi zimapangitsa dokotala kudziwa ngati mungapindule ndi katemera, kapena ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi cha B komanso muli ndi uphungu, chisamaliro kapena mankhwala.
Mukhoza kufufuza nthawi zonse ngati muli ndi pakati, mukupereka magazi kapena minofu, mukusowa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, kapena muli ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba. Mudzaonetsedwanso ngati muli m'magulu omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu kwa HBV.
> Chitsime:
> Chiwindi cha hepatitis B Mafunso okhudza zaumoyo. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/hbvfaq.htm.