Mosiyana ndi zomwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira, chimfine si chimfine choipa kapena m'mimba . Ndi matenda aakulu opuma omwe amapha anthu 56,000 chaka chilichonse ku United States. Ambiri mwa anthuwa amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi anthu oposa zaka 65, koma pafupifupi ana 100 amafa chaka chilichonse ndi matenda a chimfine, ndipo ana ang'onoang'ono amakhala pachiopsezo chotengera matenda okhudzana ndi chimfine monga chibayo kapena sepsis.
Ngati ndinu kholo kapena wothandizira mwana wamng'ono kapena khanda, apa pali zomwe muyenera kudziwa kuti mungathe kufa ndi chimfine ndi zizindikiro zotani zomwe mungayang'anire ngati mwana wanu akudwala.
Pamene Flu Ikhoza Kupha
Imfa yambiri ya chimfine si zotsatira zenizeni za matenda a tizilombo , koma chifukwa cha zovuta zovuta zomwe zimachitika ndi kachilomboka. Nthawi zina, chimfine chimapangitsa kuti matenda omwe alipo ali ovuta kwambiri kapena kutsegula chitseko cha atsopano, koma nthawi zina, zomwe thupi lathu limayankha ku kachilomboka ndizo zomwe zimapweteka kwambiri.
Kutupa
Zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi thupi la chimfine zimawotcha kapena malungo-ndizo momwe thupi lathu limayendera kwa adani. Tikatenga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga tizilombo kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimayambira m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti tipeze chiwembu. Kuwonjezera kutentha kwathu (malungo), mwachitsanzo, ndi njira yathu ya kuyesera kupha omenyana omwe sangathe kukhala ndi moyo wambiri.
Njira ina yodzipangira matupi ndikutumiza asilikali otchedwa pitokines. Mapuloteni ameneŵa opangidwa ndi maselo a chitetezo - aganizirani maselo oyera a magazi - makamaka opangidwa kuti athetsere kachilomboka kuti asafalikire mwa kudziphatika kwa adaniwo ndi kukhudza mmene maselo athu amachitira. Nthawi zina, thupi limatha kupweteka kwambiri ku matenda monga chimfine ndi kutulutsa makina a cytokines m'nyengo yomwe imatchedwa "cytokine mphepo." Zikatero, chitetezo cha mthupi chikhoza kutaya mphamvu, kuchititsa kufalikira ndi kuvulaza kwakukulu maselo ndi thupi lathu la thupi lathu.
Nthawi zina, izi zingachititse kuti thupi likhale lolephera kapena sepsis .
Matenda Achilendo ndi Mavuto
Nthawi zina chimfine chingakulepheretseni kudwala matenda ena, makamaka chibayo kapena strep chifukwa cha mabakiteriya. Mulibwinobwino, chitetezo cha mthupi chikhoza kumenyana ndi matendawa popanda vuto lililonse, koma matupi olemala amakhala ndi nthawi yovuta kuteteza okha. Mofanana ndi matenda a chimfine, kachilombo koyambitsa kachilombo kamene kangayambitse kutulutsa chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi kapena kuyambitsa ziwalo monga mtima kapena mapapo kuti atseke.
Zinthu Zilipo
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe alipo kale, kachilomboka kamatha kuchititsa kuti matenda odwala matendawa asapitirire. Ana omwe ali ndi mphumu, mwachitsanzo, ali ndi maulendo othamanga omwe amatha kupangitsa kuti kukhale kovuta kupuma. Ngati iwo ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, kachilomboka kangayambitse mpweya wautali kwambiri, kuyambitsa chifuwa cha mphumu kapena kuwapangitsa kukhala odwala matenda achiwiri monga chibayo.
Magulu Oopsa
Anthu ena ndi ovuta kuposa ena kuti akhale ndi mavuto aakulu kuchokera ku chimfine. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Ana osapitirira zaka zisanu, koma makamaka ana osapitirira 2
- Azimayi
- Okalamba achikulire, a zaka 65+
- Anthu okhala m'midzi yosungirako anthu okalamba komanso malo osowa chithandizo
- Amwenye a Alaska ndi Amwenye Achimereka
- Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu, monga mphumu, matenda a m'mimba, mapapo kapena matenda a mtima, kapena kufooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi chifukwa cha matenda (monga HIV) kapena mankhwala (monga chemotherapy).
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ngakhale kuti anthuwa ali ndi kachilombo koopsa, si okhawo omwe angafe ndi kachirombo ka HIV. Ana ndi anthu okalamba omwe alibe mbiri ya matenda a matenda angathe kufa chifukwa cha chimfine ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi chimfine. Ndipotu, kuyambira mu 2010 mpaka 2010, theka la ana onse omwe anafa ndi matenda a chimfine analibe mankhwala ochiritsira.
Zizindikiro Zowopsa Zopweteka
Ngakhale ana ambiri athanzi atha kuyambiranso kudwala matenda a chimfine bwino, ena amafunikira thandizo lachipatala. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti pafupi magawo awiri mwa atatu mwa ana omwe anafa ndi chimfine kuyambira 2010-2016 anachita chomwecho patangotha sabata imodzi yokhala ndi zizindikilo, kotero kuwona zizindikiro zamachenjezo molawirira n'kofunikira. Ngati mwawona zizindikiro izi, funsani chithandizo choyamba cha mwana wanu nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga.
Fungo lapamwamba kapena lalitali
Kutulutsa kutentha ndi chizindikiro choyenera cha chimfine. Mafupa ndi imodzi mwa njira zomwe thupi lathu limayesera kulimbana ndi matenda, ndipo zitha kukhala zothandiza mukakhala pakati pa matenda. Koma kukhala ndi malungo aakulu kwa masiku angapo kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa thupi ndi kukhala chizindikiro kuti thandizo lina likufunika. Ngati mukuda nkhawa kuti kutentha kwa mwana wanu kuli kwakukulu, kapena ngati ayamba kugwidwa ndi malungo, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga.
Kutembenuzira Buluu kapena Kusintha kwa Kuphulika
Chifuwa ndi matenda opuma, choncho ndikofunika kuyang'ana zizindikiro kuti mwana wanu sakupuma bwinobwino. Ngati mwana wanu akupuma pang'ono kapena akupuma mofulumira, kapena akuwoneka ngati akusanduka buluu, zikhoza kukhala zowonetsera kuti ali ndi vuto ngati chibayo komanso / kapena kuti thupi lawo silikukwanira mpweya wabwino. ubongo, mtima, ndi minofu zimafunikira oxygen kuti tigwire ntchito zathu za tsiku ndi tsiku. Popanda izo, ziwalo zingathe kuonongeka, mwinamwake zimayambitsa zotsatira zoopsa monga kusintha kwa maganizo kapena khalidwe, kutayika kwa magalimoto (monga kuyenda kapena kuchepetsa), kapena ngakhale matenda a mtima. Ana omwe ali ndi vuto la kupuma amafunikira thandizo linalake monga mankhwala opha tizilombo a chibayo kapena mankhwala opuma kapena kupititsidwa kuchipatala kuti atsimikizire kuti ali ndi oxygen yokwanira.
Mutu wamutu / Nkhono Yolimba
Zizindikirozi zingasonyeze kuti munthu akudwala matenda otsekula m'mimba kapena kutupa kuzungulira ubongo ndi msana zomwe zingakhale ndi nthawi yaitali kapena zovulaza ana. Ngati mwana wanu sangakuuzeni ngati mutu wawo wavulaza kapena ngati simukudziwa ngati khosi lawo liri lolimba, onetsetsani kuti chigamba chawo chingakhudze chifuwa chawo. Pang'onopang'ono amawongolera mutu wawo, ndipo ngati sungathe kufika, izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha meningitis, ndipo makolo ndi osamalira ayenera kufufuza nthawi yomweyo.
Osati Kumwa Zakudya Zokwanira
Makolo ambiri amadziwa kuyang'ana kutaya madzi m'thupi pamene ana awo ali ndi vuto la m'mimba koma sangaganize ndi matenda opuma ngati chimfine. Ana ena (ngakhale osati onse) amasanza akamakhala ndi chimfine, zomwe zimawathandiza kwambiri kuti mukhale osamala za kutuluka kwa mwana wanu. Kawirikawiri, chimfine chimapangitsa ana kutopa kwambiri ndipo amafuna kugona usana wonse ndi usiku wonse mpaka atachira-chinachake chomwe chingayambe kuwonjezereka ndi kuchepa kwa madzi. Pakati pa mapulogalamu ogona, ana ayenera kuyesa kumwa zakumwa zochepa (kapena ngati makanda, chifuwa kapena mankhwala) kuti athe kupeza madzi okwanira.
Ngati simudziwa ngati mwana wanu wataya madzi, njira imodzi yowunika ndiyoyang'anitsitsa nthawi yomwe amapita ku bafa komanso mtundu wa mkodzo wawo. Ngati mwanayo sakhala wozolowereka komanso / kapena mkodzo uli wachikasu, ndiye kuti mwana wanu sangapeze madzi okwanira. Zizindikiro zina za kuchepa kwa madzi kuti zisamalire zikuphatikizapo milomo youma, manja ndi mapazi otumbululuka, maso openyedwa, ndi kulira popanda kulira. Ngati zizindikirozo zikuwoneka, wothandizira zamankhwala wa mwana wanu angayambe kumuwona mwana wanu kapena kukutsogolerani kuchipatala kapena malo ena kuti alandire madzi amadzi.
Kukhumudwa Kwambiri
Pamene simukumva bwino, zingakhale zovuta kuti mukhalebe osangalala, odzipangira nokha. Koma zowawa ndi zopweteka zomwe zimadza ndi chimfine zingapangitse ngakhale munthu wophweka kwambiri kukhala msuzi. Kwa ana ambiri, kugona pabedi kapena pamgedi akhoza kupita kutali kuti athetse zizindikiro za chimfine. Izi zikanenedwa, ngati mwana wanu akukhumudwa kwambiri kuti sakufuna kuchitidwa kapena kuti muwakhudze, izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro chinachake cholakwika kwambiri ndipo muyenera kuitanitsa chithandizo chachipatala cha mwana wanu kuti awadziwitse.
Kusamvera
Chifuwachi chingayambitse kupweteka kwa mutu ndi thupi lonse, osati kutentha malungo komanso kutha kwa kutopa komwe kungathetse mphamvu zonse zotsiriza. Koma pali kusiyana pakati pa kusamveketsa kusewera chifukwa simukumva bwino komanso osamvera. Ngati mwana wamba osayankha sakuyankha mafunso aliwonse, kapena simungamuukitse kuchokera pansi, funsani dokotala mwamsanga.
Kuwoneka Kuti Ukhale Wosangalala, Ndiye Kufika Powonjezereka
Kubwezeretsedwa kungakhale chizindikiro chakuti mwana wanu ali ndi kachilombo kawiri kapenanso zovuta chifukwa cha chimfine, monga chibayo. Ngati mwana wanu akudwala kachiwiri posakhalitsa atasonyeza zizindikiro zowonjezera, funsani ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu mutangozindikira kusintha.
Kuteteza kwa Flu ndi Chithandizo
Njira ziwiri zochiritsira zamankhwala zingathandize ana ndi akulu kuthera nthenda ya chimfine ndipo samapewa kuchipatala kapena kufa: katemera ndi mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Katemera
Malingana ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ndi American Academy of Pediatrics, katemera ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze ana anu ku chiwindi chachikulu kapena choopsa. Ndichifukwa chakuti katemera amathandiza thupi la mwana wanu kumanga chitetezo chomwe akufunika kuti amenyane ndi chimfine. Nthawi zambiri, chitetezo chimenecho n'chokwanira kuwateteza kuti asatenge nthendayi, koma ngakhale pamene sali (ndipo amadwala), zikhoza kuwapatsa zokwanira kuti ayambe kuchepetsa kachilomboka.
Popanda katemera, nthawi zambiri amatenga masabata kuti thupi lanu likhale ndi chitetezo chokwanira kuti muthane ndi matenda a chimfine. Padakali pano, kachilomboka kangayambitse mavuto aakulu. Kupeza katemera kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha mwana kufa ndi chimfine ndi magawo awiri pa atatu. M'zaka zamakono za chimfine, ana anayi mwa ana asanu amene anafa ndi chimfine sanadye katemera. Ngakhale patapita zaka pamene katemera wa chimfine sichikugwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda a chimfine, nyengo ya katemera imatha kulepheretsa anthu pafupifupi 67,000 ogwira ntchito kuchipatala komanso pafupifupi matenda mamiliyoni awiri, ambiri mwa anawo.
Kuletsa Matenda
Ngati chimfine chikapezeka m'masiku awiri a chizindikiro chikuyamba kapena ngati mwana wanu ali wamng'ono, wothandizira zachipatala angavomereze kuti ayambe kumwa mankhwala opatsirana pogonana. Mankhwalawa si mankhwala a chimfine, koma amathandiza kuti matenda a chimfine asafalikire kwambiri, mofulumira kwambiri m'thupi, ndipo chitetezo cha mthupi chikhale ndi mwayi womenyana nawo. Izi zikhoza kutanthauza kudwala kwa nthawi yochepa komanso kukhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa, komanso kuchepetsa mwayi wa mavuto aakulu.
Mankhwalawa sakuvomerezeka kwa aliyense ndipo amakhala osungidwa okha kwa omwe amaonedwa kuti ali ndi chiopsezo chochuluka chifukwa cha chimfine. Iwo sakhalanso m'malo mwa katemera wa chimfine. Koma akhoza kukhala chithandizo chothandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuchipatala kapena kufa, makamaka kwa ana ndi akuluakulu.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Kuyeza Imfa Yachilengedwe-Imfa Yogwirizana ku United States.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Zizindikiro Zamadzimadzi ndi Mavuto.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Flu: Zimene Mungachite Ngati Mudwala.
> Rolfes MA, IM Foppa, Garg S, Flannery B, Brammer L, Singleton JA, et al. Matenda Omwe Amayambitsa matenda, Matenda a Zamankhwala, Hospitalizations, ndi Imfa Yotsutsidwa ndi Katemera ku United States. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda.