Mapuloteni a Bence-Jones ndiwo ang'onoang'ono omwe amatha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mkodzo, makamaka kuti azindikire ndi kuwayang'anira odwala ambiri a myeloma, mtundu wa khansa ya magazi.
Myeloma yambiri
Myeloma yambiri ndi khansara yomwe imapanga mtundu wa selo loyera la magazi lomwe limatchedwa selo ya plasma. Maselo a plasma ndi maselo omwe amachititsa antibodies kukuthandizani kulimbana ndi matenda.
Kwa maselo a plasma opanga mankhwala opatsirana, munthu akhoza kunena kuti zosiyana ndi bizinesi yawo. Amapanga mitundu yonse ya mapuloteni a antibody.
Myeloma yambiri ndi imodzi mwa matenda angapo omwe angapangitse "khungu limodzi la maselo a plasma." Ganizilani chimodzimodzi ngati chinthu china chofanana ndi magulu ofanana ndi maselo ofanana. Khamu limeneli silili losiyana. Maselo amodzi a maselo amodzi amapanga mapuloteni omwewo.
M-mapuloteni
Pokambirana za mapuloteni a Bence-Jones, mawu ena ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga ma proteins a myeloma, M-mapulotesitini, paraproteins, mitsempha yopanda immunoglobulin yaulere ndi M-spike. Mawu onsewa ndi ofanana, koma samasintha kwenikweni.
M "mapuloteni a M ali ndi monoclonal, kutanthauza kuti kusonkhanitsa kwa mapuloteni kumachokera ku gulu limodzi la maselo opanga odwala. Maselo amenewa amapanga ma antibodies omwewo kapena mbali zotsutsa.
Mitsinje Yowala
Asayansi amachitcha kuti maselo a immunoglobulin amatanthawuza kuti amateteza matenda, ndi globulin, kutanthauza kuti ndi mapuloteni.
Ma immunoglobulin amenewa nthawi zambiri amakhala aakulu, koma amakhala ndi timagulu ting'onoting'ono. Ma antibodies ali ndi mapuloteni angapo ang'onoang'ono, otchedwa maunyolo aakulu ndi unyolo wofewa.
Pa chithunzi pamwambapa, mutha kuona wodwala wodwala kapena immunoglobulin patsogolo, koma wodwala aliyense amapangidwa ndi mbali zingapo.
Mbali ya buluu ndi "unyolo wolemetsa" ndipo mbali zagolidi ndizo "maketanga owala." Pa chithunzithunzi ichi, maunyolo a golide ndi omwe angakhale mapuloteni a Bence-Jones mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi myeloma angapo kapena zina.
Mapuloteni a Bence-Jones ndiwo makonzedwe apadera a tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ta anti antibody (makina owala) . Kukhalapo kwa mitsempha yowala mu kuchuluka kotere mu mkodzo sikunali koyenera. Kawirikawiri, puloteni yokha yochepa chabe imatha kupezeka mu mkodzo. Mitsempha yowala mu mkodzo ikhoza kukhala ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, komabe, osati onse ndi khansara.
Mitsempha Yoyera ya Monoclonal
Tsopano, pa zochitika za mapuloteni a Bence-Jones, nkofunika kukumbukira kuti mitsempha yowongokayi sikuti imangokhala mtundu wokalamba wamtundu uliwonse - ndi mitsempha yowonongeka yokha.
Mapuloteni a Bence-Jones, ndiye, ali ...
- Monoclonal (amachokera ku gulu limodzi la maselo)
- Mitsempha yamtundu wa monoclonal (makope ambiri a gawo limodzi, laling'ono lamagulu)
- Amapezeka mu mkodzo ndipo akugwirizana ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo multipleeloma angapo.
Zinthu
Mapuloteni a Bence-Jones ndiwo mitundu yambiri ya mapuloteni, ndipo ndi ochepa mokwanira kudutsa mawonekedwe a thupi lanu, impso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, pamene maunyolowa akuwoneka mochulukirapo, amachoka m'magazi anu mumtsinje.
Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mapuloteni a Bence Jones angapeze mu mkodzo wa munthu, kuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
- Myeloma yambiri - Myeloma yambiri ndi khansa yamagazi yomwe imakhala ndi maselo ambiri a m'magazi - maselo omwe amayamba kuchokera ku B lymphocytes mu fupa la mafupa. Maselo a plasma ndi maselo omwe amachititsa antibodies omwe amatiteteza ku mavairasi ena ndi mabakiteriya. Pakati pa 50 ndi 80% a anthu omwe ali ndi myeloma adzakhala ndi mayeso omwe amathandiza kuti apuloteni awa akhale abwino.
- Macroglobulinemia ya Waldenström - Macroglobulinemia ya Waldenstrom ndi khansa yosazolowereka yomwe imapezeka mu maselo a B (mtundu wa magazi oyera). Maselo a B amapita mu njira kuti akhale maselo a plasma opanga mankhwala. Mu matendawa, khansayo imapezeka mu selo B, isanayambe kufika pamene imakhala selo ya plasma; Choncho, macroglobulinemia ya Waldenström ndi yosiyana ndi myeloma yambiri, koma zinthu ziwirizi ndizofanana, ndipo zonsezi zingapangitse mapuloteni a Bence-Jones.
- MGUS - MGUS amaimira mtundu umodzi wa masewera amtundu wosaneneka. Matendawa akhoza kukhala a chithunzithunzi cha myeloma ndipo amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa maselo a plasma, koma palibe zizindikiro zina zomwe zimagwirizana ndi myeloma zambiri.
Kufunika
Mapuloteni a Bence-Jones alipo pafupifupi awiri mwa odwala atatu omwe ali ndi myeloma yambiri. Myeloma yambiri ndi kansa ya magazi yomwe imapanga ma selo a plasma ochuluka. Monga momwe kansa yamapapu ingakhale ndi maselo osapitirira a khansa ya m'mapapo, myeloma imaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa maselo a plasma.
Maselo a plasma ndiwo maselo omwe amapangitsa antibodies kutithandiza kulimbana ndi matenda. Komabe, maselo a m'magazi a khansa sapanga ma antibodies omwe amathandizira kulimbana ndi matenda, ndipo mmalo mwake, maselo a plasma owonjezera amapanga ma antibodies owonjezera omwe ali ofanana.
Kuchuluka kwa ma immunoglobulin m'thupi kungakhale vuto kuchokera kumitundu yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imakhala ndi matenda a impso . Kawirikawiri, ma antibodies ndi akulu kwambiri kuti asasankhidwe kupyolera mu tubulu mu impso. Mapuloteni a Bence-Jones ndi ochepa kwambiri kuti alowe muzipangizo za impso. Mu impso, mapuloteniwa akhoza kumanga ndi kuyambitsa mavuto a impso. Mitundu ina ya mapuloteni amatha kuvulaza impso m'njirayi kusiyana ndi ena. Palinso zotsatira zina za mitsempha yowonjezera yomwe ingakhudze mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi.
Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda omwe amapangitsa mapuloteni ochuluka kwambiri, dokotala wanu angakuwonekere chifukwa cha zovuta zina. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zingachitike ndi mitsempha yowonjezera imatchedwa amyloid light chain chain amyloidosis, pomwe mitsempha yowunikira imabwera palimodzi ndi kupanga mapulogalamu a chinthu chotchedwa amyloid, chomwe chingayambitse ziwalo zosiyanasiyana.
Mayeso a Mtsinje
Kuyezetsa kwa mapuloteni a Bence-Jones kumaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa mkodzo wanu kwa maola 24 kuti mupeze umboni wa mapuloteni. Mapuloteni a Bence-Jones amatchulidwa kuti Henry Bence Jones, yemwe ndi katswiri wa zamagulu omwe amayamba kupeza zinthu zachilendo za zitsanzo za mkodzo pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mitsempha yowala - yotchedwa kappa ndi lambda. Mtundu weniyeni wa makina owala akhoza kukhala ndi tanthauzo lachipatala.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati mwatenga kumene, khalani ndi nthawi yophunzira za matenda anu ndikufunsa mafunso. Yesetsani kupeza thandizo kuchokera kwa anzanu ndi okondedwa anu. Ndipo khalani ndi chiyembekezo. Mankhwala a khansa ya magazi yakula bwino kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndipo mankhwala atsopano ali pakalipiritsi zamakono.
> Zotsatira:
> Basile U, Gulli F, Torti E, et al. Kufufuza njira yowunikira njira ya Bence Jones mapuloteni. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2016; 54 (11): e331-e333.
> Cook L, Macdonald DHC. Utsogoleri wa paraproteinaemia. Medical Journal yapamwamba . 2007; 83 (978): 217-223.
> Kyle, R., Larson, D., Therneau, T. et al. Kachilombo kofewa kanyumba kakuwombera multiple myeloma (idiopathic Bence Jones proteinuria): phunziro loyang'anitsitsa. Lancet Hematology . 2014. 1 (1): e28-36.