Chiwindi chimayambitsa matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda a chimfine. Pali mitundu itatu yosiyanasiyana ya mavairasi a chimfine: Fuluwenza A, B, ndi C-zonse zomwe zimayambitsa matenda mwa anthu.
Anthu amatha kupeza chimfine nthawi iliyonse ya chaka, koma ku United States ndi kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, nyengo ya chimfine imapita nthawi yocheperapo. Ntchito yamagetsi imakhala yaikulu pakati pa December ndi March.
Anthu a misinkhu yonse akhoza kutenga chimfine. Komabe, ana, okalamba , ndi anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowononga chitetezo cha m'thupi amakhala otengeka kwambiri ndipo akhoza kukumana ndi mavuto aakulu.
Zifukwa za Flu
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a chimfine, ndipo amasintha nthawi zambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu amapitirirabe ndi chifuwa chaka ndi chaka. Chiwindi ndi matenda owopsa kwambiri omwe amafalitsa mosavuta. Nkhumba ndi zowononga zimatha kutulutsa zam'madzi kuchokera pakamwa ndi mphuno. Mukhozanso kutenga chimfine kudzera mwa munthu wina (kugwirana chanza kapena kukumbatirana), saliva (kumpsompsona kapena kugawana zakumwa), komanso pogwiritsa ntchito malo owonongeka (zitseko zapakhomo kapena mabotolo).
Munthu wina akamapuma m'malo opumphura kapena atakhudza chinthu chilichonse choipitsidwa ndikukhudza mphuno, kamwa, kapena maso ake, kachilomboka kakufalikira . Munthu akululukanso ndi chimfine kuchokera tsiku limodzi zizindikiro zisanafike masiku asanu ndi atatu atadwala.
Ndizotheka kufalitsa chimfine musanadziwe kuti muli nacho.
Zimene muyenera kuyembekezera
Chifuwa chimakhala pakati pa masiku anayi ndi asanu, ngakhale kuti zizindikiro zimatha masiku awiri kapena asanu ndi awiri.
Zizindikiro zina za chimfine zingakhale zofanana ndi zizindikiro zozizira, monga:
- Kusakanikirana (kosachepera ndi chimfine)
- Kukuda
- Kuthamanga kapena mphuno yonyansa
- Maso kapena madzi
- Chikhure
- Kutopa
- Kutentha kwakukulu
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pazizira ndi zizindikiro za chimfine, komabe, ndiko kuuma. Kuzizira kumayamba kuyamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo pang'onopang'ono kumaipiraipira masiku angapo. Zizindikiro zingakuchititseni kuti muzimva bwino kwambiri, koma nthawi zambiri sizowononga moyo wanu. Chifuwa chimakugwetsani nonse mwakamodzi ndipo chimakupukutsani, ndikupangitsani kuti musayambe kuchita zomwe mumachita tsiku ndi tsiku.
Zizindikiro zofala za chimfine ndi izi:
- Fever
- Mutu
- Thupi limapweteka
- Kutopa kwambiri
- Mutu
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mutha kukhala ndi chimfine ndipo inu kapena munthu wina amene mungakumane nawo ali pachiopsezo chachikulu, funsani wothandizira zaumoyo wanu mutangoyamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro. Akhoza kuchita mayeso a chimfine kapena kukudziwani kuti ndinu ochokera ku zizindikiro zanu ndikupeza njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira.
Fluenza A
Fluenza ndi kachilombo kamene kamakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana. Kachilombo kamene kamakhala kamodzi kambiri, koma mavutowa amagawidwa kukhala amodzi mwa magulu atatu-A, B, kapena C. Fluenza A ndi gulu lomwe nthawi zambiri limayambitsa matenda mwa anthu.
Mafupa onse A mavairasi amathanso kupyola mu H ndi N subtypes. Choncho, kachilombo ka HIV kamene kamatchedwa "H # N #" (monga H1N1) ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Pali magawo 16 a H ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zinayi (9), koma zokha zitatu zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana kwambiri. Zina zowonjezera zapezeka kuti zathana ndi mitundu ina (monga mbalame ndi nkhumba), koma sizinayambitse matenda opatsirana a anthu. Zowonjezera zitatu zomwe zimayambitsa pafupifupi ziphuphu zonse za chimfine mwa anthu ndi H1N1, H2N2 ndi H3N2.
Ngakhale m'magulu amenewa, kachilombo ka nthendayi imasintha ndi kusintha chaka chilichonse. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, mavairasi amachitanso kuti agwiritse ntchito:
- Ochokera ku nkhumba (nkhumba, nkhuku, ndi zina zotero)
- Chiyambi cha malo (Hong Kong, Alberta, ndi zina zotero)
- Nambala yovuta
- Chaka chodziwika (kapena kudzipatula)
Pamene bungwe la United States loyambitsa matenda ndi chitetezo (CDC) ndi World Health Organization (WHO) limatchula kachilombo katsopano ka kachilombo ka chiwindi, amayamba ndi gulu (A, B, kapena C) chiyambi, nambala yachisinkhu, chaka cha kuzindikiritsa, ndi HN subtype mu parentheses. Chitsanzo cha kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a Fungus akhoza kuwoneka ngati ichi:
- A / duck / Alberta / 35/76 (H1N1) ndi kachilombo ka bakha, ku Alberta, Canada, kulemera kwa 35, mu 1976
Mbiri ya Influenza A
Zonsezi zimayambitsa matenda a chimfine m'mbiri yamakono zakhala zikuyambitsa mavairasi A. Mliri wa 1918-womwe umadziwikanso kuti chimfine cha Spain chomwe chinayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka H1N1. Mliri wa chimfine wa 1957-womwe umatchedwanso kuti chimfine cha Asia-unayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka H2N2. Mliri wa 1968-womwe umatchedwanso Hong Kong chimfine-unayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka H3N2. Potsirizira pake, mliri wa 2009 wotchedwa matenda a nkhumba -umayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka HIV H1N1.
Fluenza A mu katemera wa Flu
Katemera wa chimfine nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda awiri a fuluwenza A ndi imodzi kapena ziwiri zofiira B. Matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa mu katemera ndi ofanana ndi mitundu yonse ya katemera wa chimfine chaka chomwecho koma akhoza kusintha chaka ndi chaka .
Fluenza B
Fluenza B ndi yochepa koma imayambitsa mliri wa chimfine. Mliri umodzi kapena awiri wa chimfine B amapezeka mu katemera wa chimfine chaka chilichonse kuti ateteze anthu ku zovuta zomwe ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti zimayambitsa matenda nthawi ya chimfine . Katemera wa chimfine wotchedwa quadrivalent uli ndi matenda awiri a chimfine B koma katemera wambiri wamtunduwu umakhala ndi umodzi.
Fluenza B siinayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma imathyoka kukhala mtundu umodzi.
Kodi Fluenza B Imatanthauza Chiyani kwa Inu?
Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Flufe A ndi B pamene zimakhudza inu; imodzi si yocheperapo kuposa ina. Kusiyana kwakukulu kumabweretsa momwe iwo aliri ndi magawo awo omwe amayambitsa matenda. Fluenza B ingayambitse kuphulika kwa nyengo ya chimfine koma imachitika kawirikawiri kusiyana ndi kuphulika kwa fuluwenza A.
Kawirikawiri, matenda a chimfine A ndi mitundu imodzi ya chimfine B imaphatikizapo katemera wa chimfine . Katemera wa chimfine wamakono ali ndi matenda awiri a fuluwenza A ndi mitundu iwiri ya fuluwenza B.
Kodi Pali Chithandizo cha Flu?
Palibe mankhwala a chimfine. Pali mankhwala ena oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga Tamiflu , omwe angathandize kuchepetsa nthawi ya matenda. Komabe, Tamiflu ndi yothandiza kwambiri ngati yatengedwa mkati mwa maola 48 oyambirira a zizindikiro. Dokotala wanu adzadziwa ngati mankhwalawa ndi abwino kwa inu.
Bwanji Ponena za Mtsinje wa Flu?
Chiwombankhanga chikuwombera chikupezeka ku United States kuyambira mu August kapena September. Amateteza chitetezo cha chimfine chimene ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti amachititsa matenda nthawi ya chimfine . Komabe, si 100 peresenti yogwira mtima chifukwa kachilombo ka nthendayi kamangoyenda nthawi zambiri.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati mutabwera ndi chimfine, muzidziyang'anira nokha, yesetsani kupeza mpumulo wambiri, khalani otetezedwa, ndipo mukhale kutali ndi anthu ena kotero kuti musafalitse kachilomboka. Ngati muli pachiopsezo chachikulu chifukwa cha matenda a chimfine kapena mumakhulupirira kuti mwakhala mukudwala matenda achiwiri , onetsetsani kuti mwawona mwamsanga chithandizo chaumoyo wanu.
> Zotsatira:
> Mzera: Virus ya Influenza mu 1918 ndi Today. NIH News 29 June 09. National Institute of Zigwiritsidwe ndi Matenda Opatsirana. National Institutes of Health.
> Mbiri ya Flu Pandemics. Kuzindikira Mliri. Flu.gov.
> Kuchuluka kwa matenda a chimfine (Flu). Influenza Yam'nyengo (Flu) 08 Feb 11. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Mfundo Zenizeni za Influenza (Flu) | Chiwindi cha nyengo (Flu) | CDC. http://www.cdc.gov/flu/keyfacts.htm.
> Mitundu ya Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Fluenza yam'nyengo (Flu) 10 Nov 11. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.