Mwachidule cha nkhumba za nkhumba (H1N1 Flu)

Chiwindi cha nkhumba chimatchedwa dzina la kachilombo ka mtundu wa nkhuku A kamene kamakhudza nkhumba (nkhumba). Ngakhale tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a nkhumba sizimawakhudza anthu, pangakhale kuphulika kwapadziko lonse (matendawa) omwe amatchedwa "matenda a nkhumba" mu 2009-2010, mliri woyamba wa chimfine m'zaka zoposa 40. Anayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo kameneka kamene kamatchedwa H1N1, kachilombo ka mtundu wa A A, kamene kamangokhala nkhumba, mbalame, ndi majini a anthu omwe amasonkhana pamodzi mu nkhumba ndikufalikira kwa anthu.

H1N1 tsopano ikuwoneka ngati mtundu wamba wa chimfine cha nyengo ndipo imaphatikizapo katemera wa chimfine.

H1N1 inayamba kudziwika mu April 2009 mu msungwana wazaka 10 ku California. Mliri wa World Health Organisation (WHO) unayesedwa kuti ndi mliri wa padziko lonse mu June 2009 ndipo potsiriza unatha mu August 2010. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ndi nkhuku (CDC) zimayesa pafupifupi nthenda 61 miliyoni ku United States. anapha anthu 12,469. Padziko lonse, anthu 575,400 anafa ndi matenda a nkhumba.

Zizindikiro

H1N1 imayambitsa matenda opuma komanso amawopsa kwambiri. Zizindikiro za H1N1 zili zofanana ndi za chimfine ndipo zimaphatikizapo:

• Fever
• Thupi limapweteka
• Kutaya njala
• Kukuda
• Chikhure
• Mutu
• Kutopa
• Mphuno ya Runny
• Maso okwiya
• Kutupa, kunyowa, ndi kutsekula m'mimba

Zimayambitsa

Lembani mavairasi a A influenza ali ndi kuthekera kusakanikirana ndi mavuto ena, kupanga vuto latsopano, zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la 2009-2010.

Nkhumba zimatha kulandira mitundu itatu ya fuluwenza (anthu, nkhumba, ndi avian), kupanga malo oti kachilombo kamasakanizane ndi kusintha. Vuto la H1N1 ndi mtundu wa HIV ndi nkhumba, anthu, ndi majeremusi omwe amawombera nkhumba, mwina zaka zambiri chisanafike mliriwu, ndipo amatchedwa "matenda a nkhumba" chifukwa ankaganiza kuti ndi ofanana ndi mavairasi omwe amadziwika kuti amawombera nkhumba.

Chiwindi chimayenda pakati pa nkhumba chaka chonse koma chimakhala chofala kwambiri kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira, mofanana ndi nyengo ya chimfine. Nthawi zina nkhumba zimatha kupatsirana ndi chimfine kwa anthu omwe amagwira nawo ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito nkhope yomwe yanyansidwa kapena yotsitsimutsidwa kapena kuchokera ku mpweya wozembetsa umene uli ndi kachilomboka. Izi ndi zomwe zinachitika mu mliri wa 2009-2010, koma pokhapokha, matendawa atsopano a H1N1 adatengedwa kuchokera ku nkhumba kupita kwa anthu ndipo imafalikira mwamsanga chifukwa anthu analibe chitetezo kwa iwo chifukwa chinali mtundu watsopano wa mavuto.

Mliriwu unalembedwa movomerezeka mu 2010 ndipo tsopano H1N1 ikuwoneka ngati chimfine chachibadwa. Pamene anthu atenga kachilombo ka H1N1, ndi momwemo mungapezere mtundu uliwonse wa chimfine; pogwirizana ndi munthu wina yemwe akudwala kuchokera ku madontho omwe ali mumlengalenga omwe ali ndi kachilombo kamene kali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapenanso kugwira malo omwe awonongeke ndikukhudza maso, mphuno, kapena pakamwa.

Simungathe kutenga nthenda kuti musadye nkhumba, ngakhale muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti yophikidwa bwino ndikuyang'aniridwa mosamala.

Kudziwa

Ngati mumakhala ndi zizindikiro za chimfine, simuyenera kuwona dokotala ngati muli ndi thanzi labwino. Komabe, ngati muli ndi pakati, chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chimasokonekera, kapena muli ndi matenda aakulu monga asthma, shuga, emphysema, kapena matenda a mtima, muyenera kuwona dokotala mwamsanga.

Dokotala wanu adzatha kukudziwani kuti ali ndi chimfine mwa kutenga swab ku mphuno ndi / kapena mmero mkati mwa masiku oyambirira kapena asanu oyambirira a matenda anu. Pali mayesero a matenda a chiwindi omwe amatha kudziwa ngati muli ndi chimfine kapena ayi, komanso mtundu uliwonse (A kapena B), ngakhale kuti sali olondola monga mayesero ena. Palinso maseŵera a maselo ofulumira, omwe ali olondola komanso angaperekenso zotsatira zofulumira. Popeza pali vuto limodzi la matenda a fuluwenza A, vuto loyambitsa matenda a influenza A sizitanthauza kuti muli ndi kachilombo ka H1N1. Kuti mudziwe bwinobwino ndikusankha mtundu wa chimfine chomwe muli nacho, monga H1N1, dokotala wanu angatumize fomu yanu ku chipatala chapadera kapena labu la boma kuti awononge.

Chithandizo

H1N1 chimfine ndi kachilombo kofanana ndi matenda ena aliwonse a chimfine, koma zimawoneka kuti zimayankhidwa ndi mankhwala a antipatrial Tamiflu ndi Relenza . Mankhwalawa samachiza matenda, koma akhoza kuchepetsa nthawi, kupanga zizindikiro zochepa, kapena kukuthandizani kuti mupewe izo zonse ngati mutatululidwa. Nthawi zambiri amawasungira anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu ngakhale kuti chiwopsezo chotenga kachilomboka chimawatsutsa.

Apo ayi, chithandizo cha anthu ambiri makamaka chimakhala ndi chitonthozo ndi kuchiza zizindikiro pamene zikuchitika. Ngati muli ndi mphumu kapena emphysema, mwachitsanzo, dokotala wanu akhoza kuwonjezera mankhwala kuti athandize zizindikiro zanu za kupuma.

Mawu Ochokera

Mofanana ndi mtundu uliwonse wa chimfine, muyenera kukhala ndi ukhondo wathanzi wa H1N1, koma palibe chifukwa chochitira mantha. Ngakhale mavuto ngakhale imfa ikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha mtundu uliwonse wa chimfine, izi zimachitika kokha mwa anthu omwe asokoneza kapena kufooketsa ma chitetezo cha mthupi. Kupeza katemera wa pachaka wamtunduwu, womwe umateteza H1N1, kusamba m'manja nthawi zonse komanso kusakhala kutali ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga chimfine chilichonse.

> Zotsatira:

> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). 2009 H1N1 Flu: Mmene Zinthu Zikuyendera. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States. Idasinthidwa pa June 18, 2010.

> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Mfundo Zenizeni Zokhudza Matenda a Anthu ndi Matenda Osiyanasiyana. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States. Idasinthidwa pa December 21, 2017.

> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Chiyambi cha 2009 H1N1 Flu (Fulu Flu): Mafunso ndi Mayankho. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States. Idasinthidwa pa November 25, 2009.

> Dawood FS, Iuliano AD, Reed C, et al. Kuchuluka kwa imfa ya padziko lonse yomwe ili ndi miyezi 12 yoyamba ya 2009 Mliri wa matendawa. Matenda a H1N1. Lancet: Matenda Opatsirana . September 2012; 12 (9): 687-95. lembani: 10.1016 / S1473-3099 (12) 70121-4.

> Chipatala cha Mayo Clinic. Matenda a nkhumba (H1N1 Flu). Chipatala cha Mayo. Idasinthidwa pa August 13, 2015.