Zikuwoneka ngati chimfine chilichonse chimasiyana. Zaka zina chifuwachi ndi chachikulu ndipo chimapangitsa anthu ambiri kudwala komanso zaka zina sizoipa. Fluenza (kachilombo ka HIV) yakhala ikupangitsa anthu kudwala kwazaka mazana ambiri, choncho bwanji osadziwiratu?
Kumvetsetsa Mavuto a Flu
Chifuwachi chimayambitsidwa ndi matenda ambiri a chiwindi.
Kawirikawiri, mankhwala amodzi kapena awiri adzalamulira nthawi iliyonse ya chimfine nyengo. Tsoka ilo, kachilomboka kamasintha ndipo kamasintha mobwerezabwereza, kotero sitidziwa kuti ndi vuto liti lomwe lidzalamulire.
Ngakhale pali matenda ambiri a chimfine ndipo amagawidwa kukhala mitundu ndi magawo . Fluenza A, mwachitsanzo, ndiyo mtundu wambiri wa chimfine chimene chimayambitsa matenda mwa anthu. Fluenza A imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu H # N # magulu. Mwachitsanzo, mliri wa chimfine wam'mbuyo umapezeka mu 2009-10. Anayambira chifukwa chovuta cha H1N1 chomwe chinayambitsa kale nkhumba chimasintha ndipo chinayamba kupha anthu. Imeneyi inali mtundu wa chimfine chimene anthu ambiri sankachita nawo chitetezo chokhazikika, choncho chinavulaza anthu ambiri padziko lapansi. Mwamwayi, sizinali zopweteka monga ziwawa zina zapitazo, monga 1918 zomwe zinapha pafupifupi 5 peresenti ya anthu padziko lapansi.
Ngakhale pamene sitili ndi nthendayi, pali kusiyana kwakukulu kwa mitundu ya fuluwenza ya nyengo.
Influenza Matendawa amakhala aakulu kwambiri kuposa fuluwenza B. Influenza C imayambitsanso matenda mwa anthu, koma zizindikiro zimakhala zofewa ngati za chimfine, choncho mtundu uwu wa chimfine sumadziwika kawirikawiri chifukwa anthu safuna mankhwala chisamaliro pamene iwo ali nacho icho. Komanso, ziwalo zina za fuluwenza A zakhala zikudziwika kuti zimayambitsa nyengo yozizira kwambiri kuposa ena.
Muzaka zambiri pamene kachilombo ka H3N2 ndi vuto lalikulu, nthawi zambiri timakhala ndi maulendo apamwamba ogwira ntchito kuchipatala komanso ambiri akufa kusiyana ndi zaka zomwe mtundu wina wa chimfine ukupangitsa anthu kudwala.
Katemera wa Chitopa
Maselo a United States of Health Control and Prevention (CDC) amavomereza kuti katemera woteteza matenda a chimfine amasiyana pakati pa 40 peresenti ndi 60 peresenti pamene katemerayu ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi HIV. Nambala imeneyi imakhala yochepa pakapita zaka pamene katemera sagwirizana. Ngakhale kuti izo ndizochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kwa katemera wina ambiri, ndibwinobe kusiyana ndi kupewa katemera konse. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe amapezeka katemera (makamaka achikulire ndi ana aang'ono) sangathe kudwala kwambiri, kuchipatala, kapena kufa pamene akudwala chimfine kusiyana ndi omwe sanatenge katemera.
Zingakhale zokhumudwitsa kuti mudwala ndi chimfine ngakhale mutakhala ndi chimfine , koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti siziyenera kutero. Mwinamwake mukudwala kwambiri ngati simudapitsidwe katemera. Pali anthu ambiri omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a chimfine ndipo akhoza kutaya miyoyo yawo mosavuta ngati akudwala. Ngati simutemera katemera kuti muteteze, perekani kwa munthu amene mumamuganizira yemwe angakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi chimfine.
Zimene Mungachite
Chofunika kwambiri kuti aliyense azichita kuti adziteteze chaka chilichonse ndi katemera wa chifuwa. Anthu ambiri omwe amapezeka katemera ndi otetezeka tonsefe.
Zofunika zina zofunika kuti mutenge?
- Sambani Manja Anu - Kuyeretsa kwa manja ndi njira yabwino yopewera kufalikira kwa matenda onse, osati chifuwa chabe.
- Pewani Kukhudza Maonekedwe Anu - Chifuwa chimafalikira makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito madontho pamene anthu akufufuzira ndi kupopera koma amatha kufalikira mlengalenga komanso pogwira zinthu zomwe kachilombo ka nthendayi yabwera. Nthawi zambiri mumakhudza nkhope yanu, mumakhala ndi majeremusi ambiri mumphuno, pakamwa, ndi maso.
- Pezani Kugona Kwambiri - Mpumulo umapereka thupi lanu nthawi kuti muchiritse ndi kubwezeretsanso. Kugona mokwanira usiku uliwonse ndikofunika kuti thupi lanu likhoze kulimbana ndi matenda omwe mungakumane nawo.
- Gwiritsani ntchito Sanitizer Mankhwala - Pamene sopo ndi madzi sizipezeka, mankhwala operekera m'manja ndi njira yabwino yopezera kufalitsa kwa majeremusi. Malingana ngati manja anu sakuoneka bwino, akhoza kupha majeremusi ambiri m'manja mwanu ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito molondola.
- Musapatsane Zipangizo - Ichi ndi phunziro lomwe anthu ambiri amaphunzira ali mwana, koma nthawi zina timabwerera ku zizolowezi zakale ndi anthu omwe timawadziwa bwino. Mwamwayi, izi zingayambitse kufalikira kwa majeremusi ndi matenda, popeza mavairasi ena, monga chimfine, amafalikira tisanadziwe kuti tikudwala. Sungani zakumwa zanu, mafoloko, mipeni, zikho, ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingalowe mkamwa mwanu kapena mphuno.
Tikuphunzirapo
Pakati pa zaka pamene katemera wa chimfine sichigwirizana bwino ndi matenda a chimfine omwe akufalikira m'deralo, zingakhale zokhumudwitsa aliyense. Anthu omwe adatemera katemera angadwale, omwe sali oti adzalandira katemera alibe chifukwa "sichigwira ntchito," ndipo akuluakulu a zaumoyo amavutitsidwa chifukwa chosadziŵa zomwe zikubwera.
Inde, palibe amene angawone zam'tsogolo, ndipo mwatsoka katemera wa chimfine ife timangoganizira zovuta zenizeni. Mpaka katemera wa chimfine alipo, tidzasowa kuchita zomwe tingathe ndi zomwe tili nazo. Maphunziro ndi ofunikira kuti anthu amvetsetse kuti chimfine chikhoza kufa bwanji komanso momwe matenda a chimfine amapezera moyo ngakhale kuti sagwirizana ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Ngakhale zaka zomwe katemera sagwirizana, ambiri mwa anthu omwe amamwalira ndi odwala ali pakati pa anthu omwe sali ovomerezeka.
Mawu Ochokera
Sayansi siinapitirire mpaka pamene tingadziwe kuti matenda a chimfine adzayambitsa matenda asanachitike. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timasintha ndipo timasintha kawirikawiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusunga. Katemera wa chimfine omwe tili nawo panopo sali wangwiro ndipo amangofotokoza za mavuto omwe ali nawo omwe ali nawo, omwe mwina sangathe kukhala odwala kapena opweteka omwe amachititsa anthu kudwala m'chaka choperekedwa. Komabe, ndi chitetezo chabwino chomwe tili nacho ndipo kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti kupeza katemera kumatulutsa anthu kuchipatala ndikupulumutsa miyoyo ngakhale sichikugwirizana.
Ntchito yambiri ndi kafufuzidwe ndizofunikira-ndipo zikuchitidwa-kukhazikitsa katemera wabwino omwe sungakwaniritsidwe chaka chilichonse. Mpaka apo, maphunziro ndi ofunika. Onetsetsani kuti mumvetsetsa momwe chimfine chingakhalire, momwe chikufalikira, ndi momwe mungadzitetezere nokha ndi banja lanu kuti musadwale.
> Zotsatira:
> Arriola C, Garg S, Anderson EJ, et al. Katemera wa matenda a Edzi Amapangitsa Matenda Kukhala Ovuta Pakati pa Akuluakulu Achikulire Opititsidwa M'chipatala Ndi Matenda Akumfine. Clin Infect Dis . 2017; 65 (8): 1289-1297. lembani: 10.1093 / cid / cix468
> CDC. Mfundo Zenizeni Zokhudza Katemera wa Fluji Wakale. Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/keyfacts.htm. Lofalitsidwa pa Oktoba 30, 2017.
> Flannery B, Reynolds SB, Blanton L, et al. Chithandizo cha katemera wa chiwindi Kulimbana ndi matenda Amayi: 2010-2014. Matenda . April 2017: e20164244. lembani: 10.1542 / peds.2016-4244
> Grohskopf LA. Kupewa ndi Kuteteza Edzi Yamkuntho Yamakono ndi Katemera: Malangizo a Komiti Yolangizira Zopangira Katemera - United States, 2017-18 Matenda a Edzi. MMWR Akuthandizani Rep . 2017; 66. lembani: 10.15585 / mmwr.rr6602a1
> Kuteteza Katemera - Kodi Katemera Wophuphu Amagwira Ntchito Motani? | | Chiwindi cha nyengo (Flu) | CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/qa/vaccineeffect.htm.