Chiwindi, kapena chimfine, chimayambitsa matenda chaka chilichonse, kawirikawiri pakati pa kugwa kwa dzuwa ndi kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ku Northern Hemisphere. Pali mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe ndi omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azidwala. Mitundu ina imayambitsa matenda m'mitundu ina monga nkhumba, mbalame, agalu, ngakhalenso mapulaneti.
H1N1 chimfine cha nkhumba ndi mtundu wa nthendayi yakufalikira yomwe inayamba kufalikira ndipo inachititsa kuphulika kwa dziko lonse mu 2009.
Amayambitsa matenda ena a chiwindi.
Chifukwa
Nthaŵi zina, chimfine chomwe chimayambitsa matenda m'gulu lina la zinyama chimayamba ndi kuyamba kuchititsa anthu kudwala. Izi zikachitika, ngati kachilomboka kamakhala kosavuta pakati pa anthu, chikhoza kuyambitsa matenda a chimfine, ngakhale kunja kwa nyengo ya chimfine. Kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri, miliri yowononga mafupa yachitika pafupifupi zaka makumi atatu zonse.
H1N1 chimfine cha nkhumba ndi matenda enieni a kachilombo ka nthenda yomwe imayambitsa chimfine mu nkhumba. Mu 2009, vuto latsopano linapezeka mwa anthu omwe anali asanakhalepo kale. Mwalamulo, amatchedwa kachilombo A (H1N1) pdm09. Kusintha kumeneku ndi kufalikira kumeneku kunayambitsa mliri umene anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lonse anadwala ndipo anapha zikwi mazana ambiri.
Zowopsa
Ngakhale aliyense atha kutenga H1N1 chimfine cha nkhumba, anthu ena amakhala okhudzidwa kwambiri ndi izo. Fuluwenza nthawi zambiri ndi yaikulu kwa okalamba oposa zaka 65.
Komabe, nthendayi ya H1N1 matenda a nkhumba mwadzidzidzi inadwala ndikupha anthu osakwana zaka 65.
CDC inkaganiza kuti anthu 80 pa 100 alionse (H1N1) omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kachilombo ka HIV ndi omwe ali ndi zaka zosakwana 65, zomwe zimasiyana ndi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matenda a chiwombankhanga omwe amafa pafupifupi 70% mpaka 90 peresenti ya anthu 65 a zaka ndi akulu.
Zinalinso zovuta kwambiri kwa amayi oyembekezera.
Amakhulupirira kuti anthu ambiri opitirira zaka 65 anali ndi chitetezo chokhazikika ku matenda a nthenda ya nkhumba ya H1N1, yomwe imateteza chitetezo kwa omwe angakhale pachiopsezo chachikulu panthawi yozizira.
Mavuto Amakono
Ndifunikanso kudziwa kuti matenda a chimfine omwe amachititsa kuti H1N1 matenda a nkhumba amfalikirebe. Ngakhale kuti inali yatsopano mwa anthu panthawi ya mliri wa chimfine cha 2009, anthu ochulukirapo padziko lapansi tsopano akudziwika.
Izi zimayambitsa matenda a chimfine chakale koma mliri wa padziko lonse unalengezedwa mu August 2010 ndi World Health Organization.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Ma Pandemics Akale. Mliri wa matendawa (Fluenza). November 2, 2017.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Anthu Pangozi Yapamwamba Yopangira Mavuto Okhudzana ndi Mkhutu. January 23, 2018.