Chiwopsezo chachikulu ndi matenda omwe amachititsidwa ndi gulu A streptococcus (gulu A strep), mabakiteriya omwewo omwe amayang'anira strep throat . Chidziŵika chotchedwa scarlatina, chimadziwika ndi kuthamanga ndi lilime lofiira. Zingatheke kuti akanthe ana pakati pa zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndipo kawirikawiri, amakhudza anthu akuluakulu. Ngakhale kamodzi kowopsa matenda a ubwana, chiwopsezo chofiira tsopano ndi chochiritsika kwambiri ndi chosavuta kudziko lonse lapansi.
Zizindikiro
Chiwopsezo chimayamba ndi malungo, zilonda zam'mimba, ndi zizindikiro zina zowopsa kwa matenda a strep, monga mutu ndi zipsera.
Patsiku lachiwiri, mphutsi ya mchenga imapezeka pa khungu, zomwe zimathandiza kusiyanitsa chiwombankhanga chofiira m'munda wambiri. Kuthamanga kudzapitirira kwa kanthawi pambuyo poyamba zizindikiro za chiwopsezo chofiira zimalandira chithandizo. Nthawi zina khungu pa mbali zina za thupi likhoza kuchepa kwa milungu ingapo.
Ngakhale si zachilendo, chimfine chofiira chikhoza kukula pambuyo pa matenda opatsirana a khungu monga impetigo . M'malo moyamba ngati pakhosi, chiwopsezo chofiira chimayamba ndi zizindikiro za matenda pafupi ndi moto kapena chilonda.
Nthawi zambiri, chiwopsezo chofiira chingapangitse kudwala kwa nthawi yaitali, kuphatikizapo matenda a rheumatic fever ndi mavuto a impso. Koma ndizofunika kudziwa kuti zovuta zoterozo ndizosazolowereka komanso zimatetezedwa mosavuta pochiza chiwopsezo chofiira (ndi matenda ena amtunduwu) mwamsanga ndi mankhwala ambirimbiri.
Zimayambitsa
Mabakiteriya a gulu la A AA ndi omwe amachititsa mitundu yambiri ya matenda, kuphatikizapo mzere wa khosi ndi matenda ena a khungu. Mabakiteriya omwe ali m'ndandanda wa chigawo cha gulu A chimene chimayambitsa chiwopsezo chofiira amachititsa poizoni zomwe zimayambitsa kutukusira kofiira ndi "lirime la sitiroberi" zomwe zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi matenda.
Mabakiteriya a gulu la A akuyenda kudzera m'matope a kachilomboka kamene kamakhala ndi mchere pamene munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo amakopera kapena akuwombera. Kukhudza chinachake chimene mabakiteriya agwerapo ndiyeno kumakhudza kamwa, maso, kapena mphuno zingakuchititseni kuti mutenge kachilomboka.
Matendawa amafalikira m'madera ambiri. Kusamba m'manja ndi kuphimba kutsokomola ndi kusuntha kungathandize kuteteza kufalikira. Mwana akadali opatsirana mpaka patapita masiku awiri a antibiotic.
Kudziwa
Chiwopsezo chotchedwa scarlet chimapezeka mofanana ndi strep throat. Mphuno wamphongo umatengedwa ndipo mwina kuyesa kwachangu kumayambira kapena chitsanzocho chimakula kuti chiwone ngati mabakiteriya a streptococcus alipo. Mayeso ofulumira angasonyeze zotsatira zabwino mkati mwa mphindi zisanu kapena khumi, koma zotsatira za chikhalidwe zingatenge masiku awiri. Mayesero onsewa kawirikawiri amachitidwa chifukwa mayesero ofulumira akhoza kukhala odalirika.
Chithandizo
Pali mbali ziwiri zofunika pakuchiza chiwopsezo chofiira-kupha mabakiteriya ndikuchepetsa zizindikiro.
Chithandizo chamankhwala chonse chofunikira ndi chofunikira. Maantibayotiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndiwo penicillin ndi amoxicillin. Kwa anthu omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito penicillin, pali njira zambiri zabwino.
Polimbana ndi zizindikiro zopweteka komanso zina zowawa za malungo ofiira, palinso mankhwala osiyanasiyana a kunyumba komanso ochiritsira (OTC).
Izi zikuphatikizapo njira zophweka zochepetsera pakhosi monga kudya zakudya zoziziritsa kukhosi, kumwa madzi otentha, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito chipinda chosungira madzi. Mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa kutupa (NSAIDs) angathe kuchepetsa kutentha thupi komanso kuchepetsa thupi ndi ululu.
Mawu Ochokera
Chiwopsezo chodzidzimutsa poyamba chinali choopsa komanso chofala kwambiri cha ubwana. M'zaka za zana la 19, ndilo lomwe linayambitsa imfa ya ana ambiri. Tsopano kuti imatha kuchiritsidwa mophweka komanso mogwira mtima, siulinso vuto lomwe linalipo kale. Pakhala pali kuphulika kwa zaka zaposachedwapa, komabe. Kuyambira chaka cha 2014, ku England ndi East Asia kunayamba kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo chofiira, malinga ndi lipoti la 2018 ku The Lancet .
Ochita kafukufuku sadziwa kuti chikuchitika n'chiyani m'mayikowa, ngakhale kuti akuganiza kuti kukana mankhwala enaake othetsa maantibayotiki kungakhale kovuta ku Asia. Koma ngakhale kubwerera kwa chiwopsezo chofiira makamaka m'madera a dziko lapansi, nkofunika kuzindikira kuti matendawa salinso mliri wamba wa ubwana umene unalipo kale.
> Zotsatira:
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> Guy, R., et.al. Kuwonjezeka kwa Zowonongeka Kwambiri ku Filotesitanti ku United Kingdom, 2013/2014. Yoyang'anira Yuro . 2014 Mar 27; 19 (12): 20749.
> Lamagni, T., et.al. Kubwerera ku England, 2014 mpaka 16: Kufufuza Kwambiri kwa Anthu. Lancet . Vol 18, No. 2. p180-187. Feb 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30693-X.
> Ralph, AP, Carapetis, JR. Gulu A Streptococcal Diseases ndi Kuvutika Kwawo kwa Padziko Lonse. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol , 2013; 368: 1-27. DOI: 10.1007 / 82_2012_280.