Scleritis ndi kutupa kwa sclera , chovala choyera chakunja kwa diso. The sclera imakhala yoyera komanso imapangidwa ndi collagen. Mitsinje yamagazi ikuyenda mozungulira komanso pamwamba pa sclera ndipo imatha kutenga nawo mbali mu scleritis.
Mwachidule
Ma scleritis akhoza kuwononga diso, kuchititsa ululu waukulu ndi kutaya masomphenya kwa anthu ena. Ngakhale scleritis ingawonongeke ndi matenda, matenda opitirira hafu ya scleritis amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi matenda omwe amachititsa matenda monga rhumum , nyamakazi , antiylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa, granulomatosis ya Wegener, herpes zoster virus, gout, ndi syphilis.
Matenda otchedwa scleritis amaganiza kuti ndi chizindikiro cha kutupa kumene kumakhala kwinakwake m'thupi. Amapezeka nthawi zambiri pakati pa zaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 60, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhudza amayi ambiri kuposa amuna.
Zizindikiro
Ma scleritis nthawi zambiri amayamba m'diso limodzi, koma zimakhudza maso onse pamodzi. Zizindikiro zazikulu za scleritis ndi zopweteka ndi zofiira mu mbali yoyera ya diso yomwe nthawi zina imakhala yovuta. Zizindikiro zina zingaphatikizepo zotsatirazi:
- Ululu wa maso umene ungaphatikize mutu ndi nkhope
- Chifundo
- Kuzindikira kuwala
- Kudula
- Masomphenya otupa kapena otsika
- Diso lofiira (chifukwa cha mitsempha yowonjezera ya magazi yomwe ingapangitse deralo kukhala lofiira lofiira ndi kuyika malaya a bluish.)
Mitundu
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya scleritis: yamkati ndi yam'mbuyo . Mabala a scleritis amagawidwa malingana ndi gawo lomwe la diso limakhudzidwa.
Anterior Scleritis
Anterior scleritis akhoza kupatulidwa ku mitundu itatu yotsatirayi:
Kutaya Scleritis : Mtundu wochuluka wa scleritis, womwe umaphatikizapo theka la sclera.
Nodular Scleritis : Ndondomeko yaing'ono, yapamwamba pamatope, omwe amaimira kutupa kwachibadwa.
Necrotizing Scleritis : Amatchedwanso scleromalacia perforans , mtundu uwu ukhoza kukhala wovuta kwambiri ndipo ukhoza kubweretsa kusokonekera kwa masomphenya. Mtundu uwu umagwirizanitsidwa kawirikawiri ndi zovuta zowonongeka.
Posterior scleritis
Posterior scleritis angakhale matenda oopsa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kudziwa. Zimatanthauzidwa ngati kusintha kwa makulidwe a dziko lapansi, kutsika kwa nsalu zapamaso za diso (choroid ndi sclera), ndi retrobulbar edema. Posterior scleritis ndi mtundu wambiri wa scleritis, womwe uli mbali ya diso. Mtundu uwu ukhoza kupangitsa diso kukhala lovuta kwambiri kwa minofu, kupuma kwa retinal komanso glacoma kutsekedwa kwa ngodya.
Zimayambitsa
Zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa scleritis ndizodziwika, kapena zimachitika chifukwa chosadziwika. Madokotala samapeza konse chifukwa chowonekera. Zizindikiro zikuoneka kuti nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsa ndi kutupa kumene kumachitika mthupi kuchoka ku zochitika zapadera. Kawirikawiri, amayamba chifukwa cha matenda komanso zoopsa.
Kudziwa
Madokotala amadziŵa scleritis pofufuza mbiri yanu yachipatala. Mudzapatsidwa mayesero kuti muyese kupanikizika kwanu kosaoneka ndi kupweteka kwa m'mimba . Dokotala wanu adzayang'ana maso anu pogwiritsa ntchito nyali yowonongeka ya nyali . Komanso, maso anu adzasungunuka kuti aone mkati mwa maso anu. Dokotala wanu angagwiritse ntchito madontho a maso kuti athandize kusiyanitsa pakati pa scleritis ndi episcleritis, vuto lomwe lingagwirizanenso ndi vuto la autoimmune koma limaphatikizapo minofu ndi zitsulo mu minofu pakati pa sclera ndi conjunctiva.
Chithandizo
Ngati sanatengedwe, scleritis ikhoza kuwonetsa kutayika kwakukulu kwa masomphenya. Ma scleritis amachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala oletsa anti-inflammatory, monga ibuprofen kapena mphamvu ya mankhwala osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kutupa. Ma steroid ovomerezeka nthawi zambiri amatchulidwa ngati kupatsirana mwachindunji ma steroid mu minofu yokha. Nthawi zina amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Scleritis sizimayankha bwino mankhwala opatsirana amatsenga, komabe madokotala ena amapereka mankhwala otchedwa topical steroids ndi antisteroidal anti-inflammatories. Chithandizo cha matenda omwe amagwirizana ndi scleritis, monga glaucoma, angaperekedwe.
Chifukwa chakuti matenda ambiri a scleritis amagwirizana ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, chithandizochi chimayambika pochiza matendawa kuti athetse kuwonjezeka kwa scleritis.
Kupewa
Chifukwa scleritis ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimayamba chifukwa cha kutupa kwina m'maso, anthu ambiri odwala sayenera kudandaula za kukula kwa scleritis. Komabe, ngati mukuvutika ndi zovuta zowonongeka, palinso zinthu zochepa zomwe madokotala amatilimbikitsa kupewa scleritis:
- Samalani ndi chikhalidwe cha systemic chimene mungakhale nacho chomwe chingakuchititseni kuti mukhale ndi scleritis. Dwalitsani dokotala wanu ndi kupita naye mankhwala. Ngakhale mutakhala bwino, mungakhale ndi kutupa kumakhala chete.
- Khalani kunja kwa mphepo ndi mpweya. Ngakhale izi zimakhala zofala mu episcleritis, matenda ena a scleritis apanga kuchokera ku kutuluka kwa kunja monga mphepo nthawi zonse ndi dzuwa.
- Idyani wathanzi ndipo tenga multivitamin. Magazini azachipatala atchula zochitika za scleritis zomwe zinkaganiza kuti zimayambitsidwa chifukwa chosowa mavitamini ena, omwe ndi vitamini B12, C, ndi D.
Zotsatira:
- Watson P. Matenda a sclera ndi episclera. Mu: Tasman W, Jaeger EA, eds. Zolemba za Duane za Ophthalmology . 2013 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams ndi Wilkins; 2012: vol 4, mutu 23
- Catania, Louis. Chisamaliro Chachikulu Chachigawo Chakumbuyo, Chigawo Chachiwiri. Copyright 1995 ndi Appleton & Lange.