Spirometry: Chofunika Chachikulu Chopanga COPD Kuzindikira
Pambuyo powerenga nkhaniyi, mutha kukhala ndi mwayi wogawana nawo zomwe mwaphunzira kuchokera pamene munayamba kupeza matenda a COPD .
Malingana ndi Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), matenda a COPD ayenera kuganiziridwa mwa wodwala aliyense yemwe ali ndi mpweya wochepa, chifuwa cha nthawi yaitali kapena kupanga ziphuphu ndi / kapena mbiri yowonekera kwa zovuta za COPD.
Spirometry: Chida Chachikulu Chodziwiratu ku COPD
Kuyeza kwa spirometry kumafunika kuti apange chithandizo cha matenda a COPD. Kuperewera kwa mpweya wa mpweya, kapena COPD, kumatsimikiziridwa pamene zotsatira zowonetsera zimasonyeza FEV1 / FVC zosakwana 0,70 wodwala atagwiritsa ntchito bronchodilator.
Maphunziro Owonjezera Amene Amathandiza COPD Kuzindikira
Ngakhale spirometry ndiyo chida chachikulu chodziwiritsira ntchito ku COPD, dokotala wanu akhoza kuchita zotsatirazi kapena zotsatirazi zotsatirazi pofufuza poyang'anira COPD matenda:
Mbiri ndi Thupi
Ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira COPD, kuwona kwanu kudzayamba ndi kuyang'ana mwatsatanetsatane m'mbiri yanu. Izi zikuphatikizapo kubwereza:
- zochitika zanu zamakono komanso zam'mbuyomu, monga kusuta fodya, kusuta fodya , kusokoneza mpweya ndi / kapena kugwira ntchito ku fumbi, mpweya, ndi mankhwala.
- mbiri yanu yachipatala, makamaka m'mene ikukhudzira matenda opuma opuma monga asthma, chifuwa kapena sinusitis ndi / kapena matenda opuma poyambira ali mwana.
- zaka zam'mbuyomu zachipatala, makamaka ngati zikugwirizana ndi matenda opuma.
- ngati wina m'banja lanu adayambapo ndi COPD kapena matenda ena ammapapu.
- ngati muli ndi matenda ena omwe alipo, monga matenda a mtima kapena osteoporosis, omwe angapangitse kuti matenda a COPD athane.
- chitsanzo cha kukula kwa matenda, kuphatikizapo pamene matendawa adayambanso ndi nthawi yaitali bwanji kuti mudikire musanayambe kuchipatala.
- zotsatira za matendawa pa moyo wanu wa tsiku ndi tsiku; mwachitsanzo ngati zizindikiro zanu zakuchititsani kuti muphonye ntchito, musamachepetse ntchito zanu nthawi zonse kapena kuti muzimva chisoni kapena nkhawa.
Dokotala wanu ayeneranso kufufuza bwinobwino zomwe zingaphatikizepo:
- Kutenga kutentha kwanu, kuthamanga, kupuma mphindi, kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
- Kumvetsera mtima ndi mapapo anu ndi stethoscope
- Kufufuza makutu anu, mphuno, maso ndi mmero kwa zizindikiro za matenda
- Kupenda zala zanu ndi zizindikiro za cyanosis ndi clubbing
- Kuyezetsa zizindikiro za kutupa m'milingo, kumagulu, ndi mapazi kapena ziwalo zina za thupi lanu
- Kufufuza mitsempha yanu m'khosi kuti mudziwe mavuto a COPD monga cor pulmonale
Ntchito Zowonjezera Zowonjezereka (PFTs)
Kuphatikiza pa spirometry, palinso mayesero ena awiri a mapiritsi oyenerera pofufuza mapapu akugwira ntchito mu COPD: kuyesa kufalikira kwa m'mapapo ndi kuthamanga kwa thupi. Kuyezetsa uku kumayesa kusokoneza mphamvu za mapapo a carbon monoxide ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'mapapo pamapakati osiyanasiyana opuma, motero.
Chifuwa cha X-ray
Chifuwa cha X-ray chokha sichitha kupeza matenda a COPD. Dokotala wanu akhoza kulamula mmodzi poyamba, kuti awonetse zifukwa zina za zizindikiro zanu kapena kutsimikizira kupezeka kwa chikhalidwe chokhalapo .
Chifuwa cha X-ray chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito nthawi zonse mu mankhwala anu kuti muwone momwe mukuyendera.
Kusinkhasinkha Tomography (CT)
Ngakhale kuti CT siyodalirika kuti mupeze matenda a COPD, dokotala wanu akhoza kulamula imodzi pamene ikusonyezedwa (matenda sali kuthetsa, kusintha kwa zizindikiro, kulingalira za opaleshoni etc.) Pamene chifuwa cha X-ray chimasonyeza malo akuluakulu mapapu, kanema ka CT ndikumveka bwino, kusonyeza mfundo zabwino zomwe X-ray sichifuwa. Nthaŵi zina, chisanafike CT, zinthu zosiyana zimayikidwa mu mitsempha. Izi zimapangitsa dokotala wanu kuona zosaoneka bwino m'mapapu anu.
Malipiro Okwanira Onse
Kuchuluka kwa magazi (CBC) kudzachenjeza dokotala wanu ku matenda komanso kumuuza, mwa zina, kuchuluka kwa hemoglobin m'magazi anu. Hemoglobini ndi pigment yonyezimira m'magazi anu omwe amanyamula oksijeni m'mapapu anu kupita ku thupi lanu lonse.
Magazi Amagazi Amagazi
Mu COPD, kuchuluka kwa mpweya umene mumapuma ndi kutuluka m'mapapu anu ndi kovuta. Magazi amagazi (ABGs) amayeza mpweya wa okosijeni ndi carbon dioxide m'magazi anu ndikudziwitsa thupi lanu pH ndi ma bicarbonate. Ma ABG ndi ofunika pofufuza matenda a COPD komanso pozindikira kufunika kwa kusintha kwa mlingo wa mankhwala okosijeni .
Pulse Oximetry
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi njira yosagwiritsira ntchito poyeza momwe zimapangidwira ndi mpweya wanu. Kafukufuku kapena masensa amapezeka pamphuno, pamphumi, earlobe kapena mlatho wa mphuno. Maola ozungulira amatha kukhala opitilira kapena ochepa. Chiyeso cha 95% mpaka 100% chimaonedwa kuti n'choyenera. Pamodzi ndi ABGs, kuyerekezera mpweya wanu wa oxygen pogwiritsa ntchito mapulaneti oximetry kumathandiza dokotala wanu kuzindikira momwe mukufunikira thandizo la okosijeni.
Kuloweza kwa Alpha-1-Antitrypsin
Ngati mumakhala kudera lalitali la Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), World Health Organisation imakulimbikitsani kuti muyesedwe chifukwa cha matendawa. Kulephera kwa AAT ndi matenda omwe angapangitse COPD. Kudziwa kuti ali ndi zaka zing'onozing'ono (osakwana zaka 45) uyeneranso kuchenjeza madokotala kuti mwina AAT ilibe vuto ndi chifukwa cha COPD yanu. Chithandizo cha COPD chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi kufooka kwa AAT chimaphatikizapo chithandizo cha augmentation .
Chitsime:
Mdziko Loyamba la Kuletsa Matenda a Mitsempha. Ndondomeko Yadziko Yonse ya Kuzindikira, Kusamalira ndi Kuteteza COPD. Kusinthidwa kwa 2011. Kumapezeka kuchokera ku goldcopd.org.