POLST ndi chidziwitso chatsopano chomwe chimanena kuti mapeto a moyo wa munthu. POLST imayimira Malamulo a Achipatala kwa Moyo Wothandizira Moyo. Paradigm ikuwombera mchipatala ndipo ikuwonetsa malonjezano ambiri poonetsetsa kuti zokhumba za wodwalayo zikutsatiridwa.
Mpaka pano, munthu angagwiritse ntchito Malangizo Otsogolera kuti afotokoze zomwe zofuna zawo zikanakhala pamapeto a moyo wawo.
Mauthenga Atsogoleredwe amakhala ndi chidziwitso chokhumba cha munthu kuti apange mpweya wambiri, kudyetsedwa bwino, ndi chilakolako chake chofuna chisamaliro. Komabe, Malangizo Otsogolera alibe pang'ono kuti ateteze munthu ku chithandizo chosafunika chodziwika ngati CPR kapena kupita kuchipatala. Munthu ayenera kukhala ndi Dongosolo Lopanda Kukhazikitsa (DNR) yosiyana kuti amuteteze ku makina osafunika a chifuwa, kusokonezeka kwa magetsi, ndi kupuma.
Pogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi paradigm, anthu ovutika ndi azachipatala ali ndi malamulo omveka bwino omwe angatenge ngati zochitika zosayembekezereka zikugwirizana ndi zofuna za wodwalayo. Zimaphatikizapo chilakolako cha wodwalayo kukana kapena kukana CPR, kutengedwera kuchipatala, ndi kulandira zakudya zopangira. Paradigm ikhoza kumutsata munthu kulikonse komwe amapita; zimakhala pakhomo, kunyumba yosungirako anthu okalamba, malo osamalirako, komanso kuchipatala.
Kodi POLST imaphatikizapo chiyani?
Paradigm ya POLST ili ndi magawo atatu kapena anayi (malinga ndi boma) momwe munthu angasankhire thandizo lake la mankhwala:
- CPR
Munthu akhoza kusankha kukhalanso ndi mtima (CPR) kuyesedwa. Kusankha njirayi kumatanthauza kusankha "Chithandizo Chachilendo" mu gawo B. Mwinanso, munthu akhoza kusankha "Lolani Imfa Yachibadwa," yomwe imadziwikanso kuti Musayimbenso Kuyanjanitsa.
- Njira Zochiritsira
Munthu ali ndi zisankho zitatu za kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe angafune. Choyamba ndi "Kutonthoza Njira Yekha" zomwe zikutanthawuza kupereka chisamaliro chokha chomwe chingathandize kuthetsa ululu ndi kuvutika. Kusankha njirayi kumatanthauza kuti munthuyo adzalitsidwira kuchipatala ngati mavuto sangathe kumasulidwa kunyumba.
Chisankho chachiwiri ndi "Kuwonjezera Zochita Zowonjezera" zomwe zimaphatikizapo chisamaliro cha chisamaliro kuchokera pa chisankho choyamba koma zingaphatikizepo mankhwala osokoneza bongo (IV) ndi antibiotic. Pali mwayi wosankha osasamutsidwa kuchipatala kupatula ngati mavuto sangathe kumasulidwa kunyumba.
Chisankho chachitatu ndi "Kuchiza Kotheratu." Kusankha njirayi kumatanthauza kuti munthuyo akufuna chitonthozo, madzimadzi a IV, antibiotics, CPR, ndi zina zonse zachipatala kuphatikizapo kupita kuchipatala.
Pali mzere mu gawo lino kwa malemba ena owonjezera. Odwala angasankhe ndi dokotala kuti athetse mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amamwa mankhwalawa kapena angasankhe zenizeni zokhudzana ndi kupuma komwe akufuna.
- Maantibayotiki
Gawoli limapereka odwala kudziwa nthawi ndi ngati mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda.
- Nthenda Yogwiritsidwa Ntchito
Gawoli limapangitsa munthu kunena zomwe akufuna zokhudzana ndi kudyetsedwa bwino , makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito chubu la nasogastric (NG) pofuna kudyetsa kanthawi kochepa kapena kudzera m'mimba yogwiritsira ntchito mimba (yomwe imayikidwa kudzera mu khungu m'mimba) kuti idye chakudya cha nthawi yaitali. Zosankha zimaphatikizapo "Palibe zakudya zopangira mavitamini ndi tiyi," zomwe zili bwino kwambiri, "Zomwe zimayesedwa nthawi yoyezetsa mankhwala ndi tube" zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatanthawuza kudyetsa mwachangu kwa kanthawi kochepa kuti muwone ngati pali kusintha kwa chikhalidwe chawo, kapena " chakudya chodziwika ndi chubu "chomwe chimachitidwa kudzera mu chubu.
Kodi POLST ndi yosiyana bwanji ndi Lamulo Loyamba?
Malangizo Otsogolera apangidwa kuti apereke malangizo okhudza thandizo lachipatala limene munthu angafune kuti athandizidwe mofulumira. POLST yapangidwa kuti iphunzitse antchito ofulumira pazochitika zomwe mungachite pamene mudakali pakhomo.
Ndani Akufunika Kulemba POLST?
M'madera onse komwe POLST imavomerezedwa ndilamulo, wodwala kapena wothandizira chisankho chalamulo akuyenera kulemba fomu.
Dokotala ayenera kutsimikizira kuti chisankho chimene wodwalayo akupanga chikugwirizana ndi matenda ake omwe akudwala. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mayi wamwamuna wazaka 30, wathanzi, wondipempha kuti alolere Imfa Yachilengedwe, Matenda Otonthoza Okha, komanso Palibe Zakudya Zakwino, dokotala angayembekezere kuti asayinire mawonekedwe. M'madera ena, namwino wothandizira (NP) kapena wothandizira dokotala (PA) akhoza kulemba mwalamulo mawonekedwe.
Aliyense amene ali ndi matenda olepheretsa moyo kapena moyo kapena aliyense wokhala ndi msinkhu ayenera kulingalira kukhala ndi chikalata cha POLST. Kuti mudziwe ngati dziko lanu likuvomereza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapulaneti a POLST, pitani pa webusaiti ya POLST.