Khansara yowonjezera ikukula mwachinyamata. Dziwani zizindikiro zowonetsera
Khansara yowonjezera imaphatikizidwa mu mawu akuti "khansa yofiira" ndipo imatanthawuza khansa yomwe imapezeka m'munsi mwa colon pafupi ndi anus. Kuzindikira zizindikilo za khansara yokhala ndi khate n'kofunika kwambiri kuposa kale lonse pofufuza za 2017. Taphunzira kuti khansara yowonjezera ikuwonjezeka kwambiri kwa anthu osakwana zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri, ndipo motero anthu omwe sanafike pa msinkhu umene amawonetsera maulendo awo akuwonekera nthawi zambiri.
Mwamwayi, kaya matendawa amapezeka akuluakulu kapena achikulire, kuchedwa kwa matendawa ndi vuto. Kuchedwa kwafupipafupi kumachititsa kuti khansa izi zipezeke pazigawo zapamwamba za matenda; magawo omwe malingalirowo si abwino. Kodi ndi zizindikiro ziti zowononga khansa zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa, ndipo ndi liti pamene muyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu? Ngakhale kuti munthu aliyense ndi wosiyana, tiyeni tiwone zowoneka bwino zomwe mungakumane nazo.
Khansa Yachilendo Amazindikiritsa ndi Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za khansa ya m'magazi ndizosafunikira, kutanthauza kuti zikhoza kukhala ndi zifukwa zingapo. Mpata wakuti munthu akhoza kukhala ndi kansa ya m'magazi ndizowonjezera ngati zizindikiro zoposa izi ziripo, koma kukhala ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi ndi chifukwa chothandizira dokotala wanu. Pali mikhalidwe kuphatikizapo khansara yamagazi yomwe ingakhale yaikulu. Tiyeni tiyang'ane zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za kansa yamagazi aliyense ayenera kudziwa.
Magazi mu Stolo
Kutuluka kwa magazi (mtundu wofiira kapena wofiira kwambiri) ndi chizindikiro chofala cha khansara, yomwe imapezeka pakati pa 60 ndi 80 peresenti ya anthu panthawi yomwe amadziwa. Kuchepa uku kungagwirizane ndi njira ya ntchentche mu mpando. Kutuluka kwa magazi sikungakhale koonekera nthawi zonse, ndipo nthawi zina kutuluka kwa magazi kumachitika pokhapokha.
Mayeso otchedwa magazi a fecal (FOBT) amayesa magazi mu chitsime chomwe sichikuwoneka.
Ngakhale kutuluka kwa magazi ndi chizindikiro cha khansara, amakhalanso ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri, monga ziwalo zam'mimba ndi ana . Palinso zakudya zina, monga beets, mavwende, ndi licorice yofiira yomwe ingabweretse kusintha kwa mtundu umene umafanana ndi magazi. Kuti mukhale otetezeka, nthawi zonse mufotokoze dokotala wanu kuti asinthe.
Pamene kutuluka magazi chifukwa cha khansa yamagazi imayambitsa magazi ofiira owala kwambiri (hematochezia), musatulutse mdima wakuda. Kutaya magazi kumtunda, komanso m'mimba nthawi zambiri kumawoneka wakuda ndipo kumakhala (melena), kapena kumafanana ndi khofi. Chizindikiro ichi chingakhalenso chizindikiro chenjezo cha matenda aakulu.
Kusintha kwa Zizolowezi Zamatumbo monga Kutsekula m'mimba kapena Kuikidwa
Chizindikiro chachiwiri chachilendo cha khansara, chomwe chimapezeka pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya anthu, ndicho kusintha kwa ziwalo za m'mimba. Izi zikhoza kukhala kutsegula m'mimba, kudzimbidwa, kapena kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa kwa kayendedwe kake. Ndi khansa yamagazi, kutsekula m'mimba kumakhala kofala. Mfundo yofunikira ndi zizolowezi zamagulu ndizokhala tcheru chifukwa cha kusintha komwe kumaimira kusintha kwa inu nokha.
Aliyense ali ndi zizolowezi zosiyana, ndipo chinthu chachilendo kwa munthu mmodzi sangakhale cha wina. Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu.
Ndithudi, pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa ziwalo, ndipo zizindikiro zanu zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha chinthu chochepa monga kusintha kwa zakudya. Izo zati, ndi bwino kukhala wotetezeka kuposa chisoni. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.
Kuthamanga kwachilendo kapena Kukwanira / Kutengeka kwa Kutuluka kosakwanira
Chizindikiro china chofala kapena khansara yamtunduwu ndi kukhalapo kwa kukakamiza kapena kukwanira, kapena kutengeka koyenera kutulutsa matumbo anu, ngakhale mutangomaliza kumene. Mphindi mu rectum ukhoza kumveketsa kutaya kosatha ("tenesmus"), ngakhale ngati simukusowa kudutsa pansi.
Zozizira Zochepa
Kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka thumba kupita ku malo ochepetsetsa kapena ngati mabatani angasonyeze vuto. Kukula kwa phuloni kapena kachilombo kamene kamathandiza kuti matumbowa asinthe kukula ndi mawonekedwe a chitsekocho pamene chimachoka m'thupi.
Zinthu zina zingayambitsenso malo ochepa thupi, oterewa ndi ochepa kwambiri. Anthu ena amafunsa momwe kuchepa kuli kofiira kwambiri. Ngakhale magwero ena akufotokoza zochepa ngati "pencils thin" palibe kutanthauzira kwenikweni. Mukawona kuti malo anu ndi ochepa kuposa omwe mumawawona, onani dokotala wanu.
Kutseka m'mimba m'mimba / Kumangirira / Kuzimitsa
Pamene chotupa mu rectum chiri chachikulu, chikhoza kulepheretsa kachilomboka pang'ono kapena kwathunthu. Izi zingachititse kudzimbidwa kwakukulu ndikupitirizabe kuphulika. Zing'onozing'ono zowonongeka zimatha kudutsa kupyola, koma kumverera kwa kuvomereza kudzapitirira. Izi zikachitika, chithandizo chamankhwala chofulumira n'chofunika.
Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi monga Kutopa
Kuchepa kwa microscopic chifukwa cha khansa ya m'magazi nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa magazi m'thupi. Kuchepa kwa magazi kumayambitsa kutopa, kupuma kwafupipafupi (nthawi zambiri kumangokhala ndi ntchito poyamba), kufooka, ndi kuthamanga kwa mtima. Kutopa ndilo chizindikiro choyamba chimene anthu amazindikira. Anthu ambiri amamva kutopa nthawi zina, koma kutopa komwe kumasokoneza ntchito zanu zachilendo kungakhale chizindikiro cha vuto lalikulu lachipatala.
Kutaya Kwambiri Kunenepa
Anthu ambiri amalandira kutaya kwadzidzidzi kosayembekezereka, koma ngati mutayalemera ndipo simunasinthe zakudya zanu kapena kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Kuwonongeka kosayembekezereka kumatanthawuza ngati kutayika kwa 5 peresenti ya kulemera kwa thupi pa miyezi 6 mpaka 12 popanda kuyesa. Chitsanzo chingakhale makilogalamu 200 otaya mapaundi 10 pa mwezi umodzi. Khansara yokha ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zingayambitse chizindikiro ichi, ndipo nthawi zonse kulemera kwabwino sikuyenera kupita kuchipatala.
Pansi pa Zizindikiro Zambiri za Khansa
Khansara yowonjezereka ikuwonjezeka, ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa zaka zapakati pa 30 ndi 39 zomwe zikudziwika kuyambira 1995 ndi kuwonjezeka kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi makumi asanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu (54) kuyambira chaka cha 2005. Sitikudziwa chifukwa chake. Pa nthawi yomweyi, matendawa amayamba kuchepetsedwa, ndipo chifukwa chake matendawa amakhala ochulukirapo, kupangitsa mankhwala kukhala ovuta kwambiri. Podziwa zizindikiro za khansa yapakhungu, ndipo kufunafuna chidwi ngati mwapeza zizindikiro izi, ndizofunikira kuti mupeze ndi kuchiza khansayi mwamsanga.
> Zotsatira:
> Society of America ya Colon ndi Rectal Surgeons. Khansa Yachilendo. https://www.fascrs.org/patients/disease-condition/rectal-cancer
> National Cancer Institute. Kuchiza Khansa Yachibadwa (PDQ) -Pakati Lamasamba. Kusinthidwa 02/16/18. https://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal/patient/rectal-treatment-pdq
> Siegel, R., Miller, K., ndi A. Jemal. Amayi Okalamba Ambiri Akuluakulu Azaka Zaka 20 mpaka 54 ku United States, 1970-2014. JAMA . 2017. 318 (6): 572-574.