Antigenic Drift ndi Shift Ndi Matenda a Flu

Zosintha za antigenic ndi antigenic ndizogwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza mmene kachilombo ka HIV kamasinthira nthawi. Kusungunuka ndi kusintha kochepa pamene kusintha kwakukulu.

Antigenic Drift

Kuthamanga kwa antigenic ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufotokoza njira imodzi yomwe mavairasi a chimfine amasinthira ndikusintha. Limalongosola kusintha kochepa kwa kachilombo ka chiwindi .

Pamene matenda a chimfine amatha kusintha kapena kusintha pang'ono, amawoneka mosiyana ndi ma chitetezo cha mthupi.

Choncho ma antibodies omwe thupi lanu analenga chaka chatha poyambitsa matenda a chimfine kapena katemera wa chimfine sakudziwanso kachilombo ka "kachilombo". Ichi ndichifukwa chake tingadwale ndi chimfine kangapo. Chitetezo chomwe timakhala nacho kwa kachilomboka komwe kamatisokoneza chaka chatha (kapena zaka khumi zapitazo, ndi zina zotero) ndizosatheka kuteteza kachilombo kamene kamasintha pang'ono ndipo tsopano kakuwoneka ngati kosiyana.

Kuthamanga kwa antigenic ndi chifukwa chake timafunikira katemera watsopano wamagazi chaka chilichonse komanso chifukwa chake timadwalirako kangapo mmiyoyo yathu.

Mavairasi awiri a Fluenza A ndi B amapezeka kuti akungoyenda.

Antigenic Shift

Kusintha kwa antigenic ndiko kusintha kwakukulu m'thupi la chimfine. Kusintha kumeneku kumachitika makamaka pamene kachilombo kaumuna kamayenda ndi matenda a chimfine omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza nyama (monga mbalame kapena nkhumba).

Pamene mavairasi amatha kusintha, amasintha kuti apange chigawo chatsopano chomwe chiri chosiyana ndi zomwe zimawoneka mwa anthu kale.

Izi zikhoza kuchitika m'njira zitatu:

1. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa nyama monga nkhumba. Nkhumba yomweyo imatenganso kachilombo ka chiwindi kuchokera ku nyama ina monga bakha. Mavairasi awiriwa amatha kusakaniza ndi kusintha, kutulutsa kachilombo ka HIV kamene kamatha kufalikira kwa anthu.
2. Mliri wa chimfine cha mbalame umapita kwa anthu popanda kusintha mtundu uliwonse wa majini.

1. Mchitidwe wa chimfine cha mbalame umapita ku mtundu wina wa nyama (monga nkhumba) ndipo amatha kuperekedwa kwa anthu popanda kusintha kwa chibadwa.

Pamene kusintha kwakukulu kwa antigenic monga izi kumachitika, anthu ochepa ali ndi chitetezo cha mtundu watsopano, kapena "buku", kachilombo ka HIV.

Pamene mliri wa chimfine wachitika mzaka zaposachedwapa, wapezeka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa antigenic mu HIV. Mwamwayi, kusinthaku kumachitika kokha pokhapokha, pokhapokha kuchititsa mafupa anayi okha enieni m'zaka zapitazi .

Kusintha kwakukulu koopsa kwa antigenic kumangochitika kokha ku mavairasi A A.

Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukhazikitsa katemera wa chimfine ndi mankhwala omwe angawathandize. Ochita kafukufuku akuyembekeza kuti adzatha kukhazikitsa katemera wothandiza womwe udzasokoneze mbali ina ya kachilombo kamene sikhudzidwe ndi kusintha kumeneku, motsogoleredwa ku " Chithandizo choteteza ku Fluw Universal " chomwe chidzafunika nthawi zina osati chaka chilichonse.

Mpaka tsiku lomwelo lidzafika, tidzakhala tikupitiriza kupeza mpweya wa chimfine ndi nthawi zonse kuti tidziziteteze ku chimfine.

_Zotsatira:

_{Mmene Vutoli Amatha Kusinthira: "Kusuntha" ndi "Drift" Fluenza (Flu) Nthawi 8 Feb 11. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ndi zithandizo zaumunthu. 14 Oct 13.}

_{Matenda a Antigenic Drift 14 Jan 11. Chitukuko cha Nthenda Yopsezera Kwachilombo ndi Matenda Opatsirana. National Institutes of Health. Dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ndi zithandizo zaumunthu. 14 Oct 13.}

_{Antigenic Shift Flu (Influenza) 14 Jan 11. Chitukuko cha Nthenda Yopseza Zokwanira ndi Matenda Opatsirana. National Institutes of Health. Dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ndi zithandizo zaumunthu. 14 Oct 13.}