Mankhwala atsopano omwe amatchedwa chithandizo chochiritsika akuyamba kupezeka khansa ya m'mapapo. Mosiyana ndi mankhwala amtundu wa mankhwala , mankhwalawa amapangitsa mapuloteni pa maselo a khansa kapena maselo omwe amatha kulangidwa ndi chifuwa poyesera kukula. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, amakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa zomwe mankhwala ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi khansa.
Pakalipano, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa khansara ya mapulaneti 3 ndi 4 yomwe siinayankhidwe ndi mankhwala ena . Zili mwazidzidzidzi zochiritsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndizo:
Tarceva (erlotinib)
Pamwamba pa maselo a khansa yamapapu ali ndi puloteni yotchedwa epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) , yomwe imathandiza maselo kugawa. Tarceva imagwira ntchito yosalola kuti EGFR iwuze khansa kuti ikule. Ngakhale kuti odwala ambiri angakhale ogwira ntchito, awonetseredwa kuti akhoza kugwira ntchito kwa omwe sanasuta kapena atsikana. Chifukwa chokhala ndi mapiritsi a tsiku ndi tsiku, zotsatira zofala kwambiri ndi khungu la khungu monga mavitamini, ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Ngakhale kuthamanga kwa khungu kungakhale kosokoneza bongo, awo omwe amayamba kupweteka ndi erlotinib amatha kuyankha mankhwalawa.
Xylori (crizotinib)
Pakati pa 3 ndi 5% a anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda mapira ali ndi kusintha komwe kumatchedwa ALK-EML4 gene rearrangement.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kusintha kumeneku, crizotinib ya mankhwala yapezeka kuti ikuwonjezera kupulumuka kwapanda moyo. Mofanana ndi erlotinib, crizotinib nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa kusiyana ndi mankhwala amtundu wa mankhwala ndipo imatha kutengedwa ngati mankhwala am'kamwa. Mofananamo, kusinthika uku ngati kuli kotheka kupezeka mwa anthu omwe sanasute fodya.
Ngakhale crizotinib ikupitirirabe kupitirira-kupulumuka kwaulere, kukana kumakhala kosalekeza m'kupita kwanthawi. Mankhwala atsopano atsopano apezeka m'mayesero a kachipatala omwe angagwire ntchito pamene crizotinib ikutsutsa, ndipo akuyembekeza kuti m'kupita kwa nthawi, khansara yamapapo ya ALK ingatengedwe ngati matenda aakulu, monga matenda a shuga.
Phunzirani zambiri za khansa yamapapo ya ALK m'nkhaniyi
Kuyambira mu 2014, crizotinib inavomerezedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa ROS1 . Mofanana ndi omwe ali ndi kusintha kwa ALK, crizotinib imapanga kupulumuka kwapanda moyo.
Mankhwala ena akuyang'aniratu m'mayesero a kachipatala kwa anthu omwe asagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala a kusintha kwa EGFR ndi kusintha kwa ALK, ndi "zina zomwe zimasinthika" zikuphunziridwa.
Mayeso a Zachibadwa (Mafupa Pulogalamu ya Mafupa)
Tsopano ndikumva kuti aliyense amene ali ndi mapapu adenocarcinoma (ndi anthu ena omwe ali ndi kansa ya m'magazi yapampopu , makamaka omwe sanasute) ayenera kuyesedwa kuti asinthidwe ndi majini komanso kuti ziwalo zawo zidzasinthidwa ndi mankhwala atsopano. Ngakhale zili choncho, anthu ambiri omwe angakhale otetezeka chifukwa cha kusintha kumeneku komanso omwe akufunafuna mankhwalawa, samalandira phindu la kuyesedwa.
Phunzirani zambiri zokhudza kufotokoza kwa maselo a kansa ya m'mapapo mu nkhaniyi
> Zotsatira:
> American Cancer Society. Zotsatira Zothandizira. 08/13/15.
> National Cancer Institute. Nkhalango Yopanda Kulimbana ndi Cell (PDQ). Njira Yothandizira Mwachidule. Kusinthidwa 05/12/15.