Kodi Chemotherapy Imagwiritsidwa Ntchito Bwanji kwa Anthu Amene Ali ndi Khansa Yam'mimba?
Chemotherapy imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a cytotoxic (maselo ophera maselo) kuti aphe maselo a khansa kapena kuwachititsa kukhala osatetezeka. Pali mankhwala ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa ya m'mapapo yomwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala a chemotherapy. Kusiyanitsa kwa mankhwalawa ndiko kuti mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi omwe ali poizoni mpaka maselo onse okula mofulumira m'thupi, kuphatikizapo maselo a khansa.
Kodi Chemotherapy Amagwira Ntchito Bwanji?
Mankhwala a Chemotherapy amagwira ntchito mwa kupha maselo mofulumira.
Popeza maselo a khansa amagawanika mobwerezabwereza kuposa maselo ambiri, amakhala makamaka ndi mankhwalawa. Maselo ena enieni amagawanitsa mosalekeza, monga mapuloteni a tsitsi, kupaka m'mimba, ndi mafupa omwe amapanga maselo ofiira ndi oyera. Izi zimabweretsa mavuto ambiri omwe amabwera chifukwa cha mankhwala a chimbudzi, monga kupweteka kwa tsitsi, kunyowa, komanso kuchepa kwa maselo ochepa. Mankhwala osiyana siyana a mankhwala a chemotherapy amagwira ntchito pamagulu osiyanasiyana a magawano. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, nthawi zambiri mankhwala amodzi kapena awiri amaperekedwa nthawi yomweyo kuti aphe ambiri a khansa. Kumvetsa maselo a khansa kungakuthandizeni kumvetsa mosavuta momwe chemotherapy imagwirira ntchito.
Kodi Chemotherapy Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Bwanji Kansalu Yam'mimba?
Mosiyana ndi opaleshoni ndi mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala , omwe amachitidwa kuti "mankhwala" amachitidwa "mankhwala", "chemotherapy" ndi " njira yothandizira ," kutanthauza kuti imayesa kupha maselo a kansa kulikonse m'thupi.
Izi zingakhale zothandiza makamaka ngati maselo a khansa akhoza kufalikira kudera lachipatala ndi ma radiation. Chemotherapy angaganizidwe pa zifukwa zingapo:
- Kuwonjezera apo (kuphatikizapo) ku opaleshoni: Panopa, chemotherapy yapatsidwa kupha maselo aliwonse a khansa omwe angafalikire kupitirira kansara koma sangaoneke ndi ma scans. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa mankhwala a adjuvant chemotherapy.
- Kuchepetsa chotupa musanachite opaleshoni: Nthaŵi zina, chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito opaleshoni isanayambe kuchitidwa opaleshoni ndipo imapangitsa mwayi woti opaleshoni ikhale yogwira ntchito. Njira imeneyi nthawi zambiri imatchedwa neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
- Kuchiza khansa: Kawirikawiri, khansa ya m'mapapo ikhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi chemotherapy koma izi zimakhala zofala kwambiri ndi khansa monga khansa ya m'magazi.
- Kuwonjezera moyo kwa omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapu yakuthupi : Kaŵirikaŵiri mankhwala a chemotherapy akhoza kuwonjezera moyo pamene mankhwala sangatheke. Pamene chemotherapy yathandiza kuchepetsa kukula kwa chotupa, nthawi zina amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a chemotherapy pogwiritsa ntchito chiyembekezo kuti chidzachedwetsa kukula kwa chifuwa. Izi zimatchedwa kuti chemotherapy .
- Kuthandiza ndi zizindikiro za khansa: Pamene chotupa chimachititsa zizindikiro ngati kupweteka kapena kupuma pang'ono, nthawi zina chemotherapy ikhoza kuchepetsa kukula kwa chotupa kuti kuchepetse zizindikiro.
Pamene chemotherapy imaperekedwa chifukwa cha zizindikiro zokha - kukonza umoyo wa moyo - osati ndi cholinga chochiza matenda kapena kutalika kwa moyo, imatchedwa chemotherapy . Ngati dokotala akupereka mankhwala a chemotherapy mwanjira iyi, onetsetsani kuti akukambirana izi mosamala, monga momwe maphunziro akusonyezera kuti anthu ambiri akusokonezeka chifukwa cha ntchito yake.
Kodi Chemotherapy Amapatsidwa Bwanji?
Mankhwala ena amadzimadzi amaperekedwa ngati mapiritsi, koma ambiri amaperekedwa mwachangu. Ngati mutakhala ndi mankhwala a IV, mungapemphe kuti musankhe pakati pa kukhala ndi mavoti anayi paulendo uliwonse, kapena kukhala ndi chida cha chemotherapy . Pogwiritsa ntchito doko, mzere wamakono umalowetsedwa m'mitsempha yambiri ya magazi pafupi ndi pamwamba pa chifuwa, ndipo chitsulo kapena chitsulo cha pulasitiki chimayikidwa pansi pa khungu lanu. Pali ubwino ndi kuipa kwa njira iliyonse, koma doko (kapena nthawi zina PICC mzere) ikhoza kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha nkhuni za singano zofunikira pa chithandizo.
Chithandizo choyamba cha khansara yamapapo chimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala awiri kapena awiri ( kuphatikizapo mankhwala enaake ).
Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa mozungulira masabata 3 mpaka 4 osachepera 4 mpaka 6. Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amagwira ntchito pa magawo osiyanasiyana a selo logawidwa kumapangitsa mwayi wodwala khansa zambiri ngati n'kotheka. Popeza maselo osiyanasiyana ali m'malo osiyana mu njira yopatulira maselo, magawo mobwerezabwereza amachititsanso mwayi wodwala mawere a khansa.
Mankhwala
Mankhwala ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa ya m'mapapo. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala amayamba ndi cisplatin kapena carboplatin pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu khansa yamapapo ndi awa:
- Platinol (cisplatin)
- Paraplatin (carboplatin)
- Taxotere (docetaxel)
- Adriamycin (doxorubicin)
- VePesid (etoposide)
- Gemzar (gemcitabine)
- Ifex (ifosfamide)
- Camptosar (irinotecan)
- Taxol (paclitaxel)
- Alimta (pemetrexed)
- Hycamtin (topotecan)
- Oncovir (vinblastine)
- Oncovin (vincristine)
- Navelbine (vinorelbine)
Si mankhwala onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa ya m'mapapo amaonedwa ngati mankhwala a chemotherapy. Mankhwala monga Tarceva (erlotinib) ndi Xalkori (crizotinib) akuwongolera mankhwala ochizira mankhwala - mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti awononge maselo a khansa. Gawo latsopano la mankhwala, lotchedwa immunotherapy mankhwala , likugwiritsidwanso ntchito khansa yamapapo. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito mophweka pothandiza chitetezo chathu cha mthupi kuteteza khansa.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Amatha Kachilombo kawirikawiri Amachiza Khansa Yam'mimba?
Ngati mumadziŵa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha khansa ya m'magazi - yomwe nthawi zambiri imachiza matendawa - mukhoza kudabwa chifukwa mankhwala a chemotherapy samachiritsa khansa ya m'mapapo. Izi zingakhale zowonjezereka kwambiri mukawona kuti chemotherapy imakhala yogwira ntchito mwamsanga kwa khansa ya m'mapapo chifukwa imatha kuchepetsa kwambiri chotupa. Funso limeneli ndi lofunika kuti liwone ngati maphunziro apeza kuti anthu ambiri amamva mankhwala a chemotherapy ali ndi mphamvu zowononga khansa yawo.
Chifukwa chake chemotherapy kawirikawiri sichiritsa khansa ya m'mapapo ndi kuti zotupa zimakhala zosagwirizana ndi mankhwalawa panthawi. Selo la khansa ndi "luntha" mwanjira ina. Iwo samakhala ofanana, koma amasintha nthawi zonse ndikukhala ndi njira zopulumutsira mankhwala omwe timatumiza njira yawo. Kukaniza ndi chifukwa chimodzi chomwe_pamene munthu ali ndi chotupa chomwe chayamba kukula kachiwiri pa chemotherapy - mankhwala osiyana amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yotsatira.
Zakudya ndi Chemotherapy
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi khansa amasankha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira monga zakudya zowonjezera. Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a chemotherapy ndikofunikira kukambirana zowonjezereka zomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito ndi oncologist wanu. Mavitamini ena akhoza kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chemotherapy, pamene ena akhoza kupanga mankhwala oopsa. Ndifunikanso kuyankhula ndi dokotala wanu za mavitamini ndi mchere mu nthawi ya chemotherapy , monga zina mwa izi zingasokoneze chithandizo chanu.
Zotsatira Zotsatira
Zotsatira za chemotherapy zimasiyana malinga ndi mankhwala omwe mumapatsidwa, ndi zina monga zaka zanu, kugonana, ndi matenda aakulu. Mwamwayi, kuyang'anira zokhudzana ndi zotsatirazi kwawonjezeka kwambiri pazaka makumi angapo apitayo. Aliyense amayankha chemotherapy mosiyana. Mukhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zochepa kapena mungathe kupeza zizindikiro zowopsya. Zotsatirapozi zimatha kusintha pakapita nthawi kapena kuwonongeka kwa nthawi. Nthawi zina mankhwala amafunika kuti asinthidwe, koma nthawi zambiri pali mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe angathetsere zizindikiro zanu ndikukupangitsani kukhala omasuka. Onetsetsani kuti mukugawana zizindikiro zomwe mukukumana nazo ndi gulu lanu la chisamaliro.
Kulimbana ndi Zovuta Zotsatira
Zotsatira zina zomwe mungathe kuzipeza zimadalira mankhwala omwe mumapatsidwa. Monga taonera, zambiri za zotsatirazi zimagwirizana ndi zotsatira za "zachizolowezi" za mankhwala a chemotherapy pogawanitsa maselo mofulumira. Maselo athu m'matupi athu omwe amagawanika mofulumizitsa ndi omwe ali m'mafupa athu (omwe amachititsa kuchepa magazi) zilembo zathu za tsitsi, ndi timapepala ta m'mimba. Njira yowopsa kwambiri ya mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi awa:
- Mphuno ndi Kutupa - Kupweteka ndi kusanza ndizofala kwambiri pa mankhwala a chemotherapy, koma kasamalidwe ka zotsatira zake zapita patsogolo kwambiri. Tsopano n'zotheka kuti anthu ambiri adziwe mankhwala ochizira mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti asamakhale osakaniza kapena kusanza. Kawirikawiri mankhwala amaperekedwa osati kokha kuti asamalire khunyu koma amapatsidwa pamodzi ndi chemotherapy pofuna kuteteza nkhanza.
- Zilonda za m'kamwa - Pafupi theka la anthu amayamba zilonda zam'thupi pamtima mankhwala a kansa ya m'mapapo. Zilonda zam'kamwa zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta, koma matenda ena achiwiri (thrush) nthawi zina amatha.
- Lembani Kusintha - Chilakolako chosazolowereka, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa "chitseko chachitsulo" chimapezeka ndi mankhwala a khansa ya m'mapapo. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite (zomwe zatchulidwa m'nkhaniyi) zomwe zingakuthandizeni kulekerera chizindikiro ichi.
- Kutaya kwa Chakudya - Kutaya chakudya n'kofunika kwambiri kuthandizira, monga kupeza chakudya chokwanira pa mankhwala a chemotherapy kumathandizira kuti thupi lanu lichiritsidwe. Kudya zakudya zosakwanira kungachititse kuti mukhale ndi chiopsezo cha khansa - matenda a kulemera kwa thupi ndi kupwetekedwa kwa minofu yomwe imayang'aniridwa mwachindunji pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya imfa za khansa.
- Kutopa - Kutopa ndi njira yofala kwambiri ya mankhwala a chemotherapy, omwe amakhudza pafupifupi aliyense pa nthawi ina. Kungodziwa kuti kutopa ndi kofala, ndipo kuphunzira kuika patsogolo ntchito ndi kuvomereza thandizo ndi njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli.
- Kuchuluka kwa magazi m'thupi (kuchepa kwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi) - Kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira a magazi kumabweretsa kutopa. Nthawi zina chithandizo chili chofunikira, koma monga kutopa, nthawi zambiri kuphunzira kupempha thandizo ndi kupuma pang'ono ndizofunika zonse.
- Neutropenia (kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a m'magazi) - Kuwerengera kochepa kwa maselo oyera a magazi (neutrophils ndi mtundu wa selo loyera la magazi lomwe limamenyana ndi matenda) ndilo gawo lalikulu kwambiri la mankhwala a chemotherapy. Kukhala ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha maselo a magazi kumatha kukupangitsani kuti mukhale ndi matenda. Onetsetsani kuti mukalankhule ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe mankhwala a chemotherapy. Angakulimbikitseni kupewa zochitika zomwe mungathe kuzigonjera ku matenda - monga kupeŵa makamu komanso kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi anthu odwala. Nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti maselo oyera a m'magazi athandizidwe pogwiritsa ntchito chemotherapy. Ngati kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, gawo lanu la mankhwala a chemotherapy liyenera kuchedwa kuchedwa mpaka litabwerera ku zoyenera.
- Thrombocytopenia (chiwerengero chochepa cha platelet) - A low platelet chiŵerengero angapangitse kuphwanyidwa kapena kuwukha magazi. Izi sizimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndi mankhwala a khansa ya m'mapapo, koma dokotala wanu adzayang'anitsitsa kuchuluka kwa mapulogalamu anu pa mankhwala anu.
- Kutaya kwa Misozi - Mankhwala ambiri a mankhwala a chemotherapy omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku khansa ya m'mapapo angayambitse tsitsi. Kukonzekera patsogolo pogula wig kapena mitundu ina ya zivundikiro pamutu nthawi zambiri imalimbikitsidwa.
- Kusintha kwa Khungu
- Fingernail amasintha
- Kusokonezeka maganizo
- Chemobrain (kusintha kwa chidziwitso pambuyo pa chemotherapy) - Chemobrain, kapena kusintha kwa chidziwitso pambuyo pa chemotherapy posachedwapa amadziwika ngati mankhwala omwe amapezeka mwachibadwa a chemotherapy. Zizindikiro zowonjezera zimaphatikizapo kuvutika kukumbukira nthawi zambiri kapena kukumbukira - monga kuiwala kumene inu mwaika makiyi a galimoto. Anthu ena amapeza kuti "kuchita ubongo" monga crossword puzzles ndi masewera ena amalingaliro ndi othandiza ngati izi zimakhala zovuta.
- Pulogalamu ya Mitsempha Yopanda Mitsempha - Mmene thupi limagwirira ntchito ndilofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amadwala khansa ya m'mapapo. Zizindikiro zikhoza kuphatikizapo kupweteka ndi kumangirira mu zomwe zimatchedwa "kusungira ndi magolovesi". Kafukufuku akupitirizabe kufunafuna njira zothandizira kuthetsa zizindikiro za zotsatirazi koma kupewa kuti zichitike poyamba.
Thandizo ndi Kulimbana Pa Chemotherapy
Ndithudi, pali zotsatirapo ndi chemotherapy, koma kasamalidwe ka izi kakula bwino kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Chemotherapy ndi imodzi mwa nthawizi pamene mawu akuti "amatenga mudzi" ndi oona monga kale. Yesetsani kwa abwenzi ndi abwenzi ndikulola anthu kuti akuthandizeni. Anthu ambiri amawona kuti n'kopindulitsa kuyanjana ndi gulu lothandizira khansa kapena gulu lothandizira ndikukhala ndi mwayi wolankhula ndi ena omwe akukumana ndi mavuto omwewo m'miyoyo yawo. Popeza anthu ambiri ali ndi magawo ambiri a mankhwala a chemotherapy, ndipo magawowa amatenga nthawi, izi zingakhale mwayi wobwereranso ndi abwenzi ndi abwenzi. Onetsetsani mndandanda wa zomwe munganyamule mankhwala a chemotherapy kuti mudziwe momwe mungapangire mankhwala anu a chemotherapy kuyenda bwino kwambiri.
Zotsatira:
National Cancer Institute. Mankhwala Osaphatikizapo Mankhwala Osakanikirana ndi Matenda a Kanseri - Health Professional Version. Kusinthidwa 07/07/16.