Fomu Iliyonse Ili ndi Zizindikiro Zenizeni ndi Zolemba
Matenda a Crohn ndi vuto lovuta kwambiri, lopangidwa kwambiri chifukwa chakuti zizindikiro ndi zovuta zimatha kutenga mitundu yosiyana, malingana ndi gawo lomwe mumatumbo anu latentha. Ngakhale matenda a Crohn angakhudze mbali iliyonse ya m'matumbo, madera ena amakhudzidwa kwambiri kuposa ena. Dokotala wanu angatanthauze vuto lanu kuchokera kumalo oyambirira omwe mukukhudzidwa nawo.
Mtundu wamba wa matenda a Crohn ndi:
- Ileocolitis
- Ileitis
- Crohn's (granulomatous) colitis
- Matendawo a Crohn
- Jejunoileitis
Fomu lirilonse liri ndi mafotokozedwe osiyana, zizindikiro zosiyana, ndi zina za mavuto omwe amakumana nawo.
Ileocolitis
Fomu yofala kwambiri ndi la leocolitis, yomwe imapezeka pafupifupi 45 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Crohn. Mtundu uwu wa matenda a Crohn umakhudza leamu (kumapeto kwa katumbo kakang'ono) ndi coloni (matumbo aakulu) .
Zizindikiro za mtundu umenewu wa matenda a Crohn, umatha kuphatikizapo kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka kwapansi m'mimba kapena kumimba kwa pakati, ndi kuchepa kwakukulu. Nthaŵi zina, malo odwala mu leamu ndi colon akhoza kukhala osakanikirana, okhudza valavu yomwe imagwirizanitsa matumbo aang'ono pamatumbo akulu, otchedwa valve ya ileocecal.
Chithandizo cha ileocolitis nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo mankhwala osungirako mankhwala kuti apitirize kukhululukidwa, monga 5-ASA (5-aminosalicylic acid) mankhwala (mesalamine).
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga steroids ( prednisone , budesonide ) angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa zochitika zowonongeka. Mtundu wina wa mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo a necrosis , omwe amasungidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri. Mankhwala ena omwe nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, kapena mettretrexate .
Kuwonjezera apo, kaliocolitis yovuta imakhala yofunikira kwambiri yothandizira kuchipatala, monga kupuma kwa thupi (osadya kapena kumwa) komanso kudya zakudya zopatsa mphamvu (zakudya zopyolera m'mimba) kapena kudya kwapakati.
Ileitis
Ileitis ndi mawonekedwe achiwiri kwambiri, omwe amawakhudza pafupifupi 35 peresenti ya odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Crohn. Mtundu umenewu, wotchedwanso fistulizing kapena perforating disease ya Crohn, umakhudza kokha leamu (gawo lomalizira la m'mimba). Kutsekula m'mimba, kupweteka kwa thupi, kupweteka kwapakati m'mimba kapena kumapeto kwa mimba, komanso kusokoneza maola angapo mutatha kudya ndiwo zizindikiro zofala.
Mtundu uwu wa matenda a Crohn angayambitse mavitamini kapena mchere. Zomwe zimawoneka kuti ndizosowa zakudya ndizo kusowa kwa vitamini B12 komanso kusowa kwake. Kupanda kusakaniza kungalepheretse kulengedwa kwa maselo ofiira atsopano ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti magazi asakhalenso ndi magazi . Kulephera kwa vitamini B12 kungabweretse ming'onong'ono kapena zala zazing'ono (phokoso la m'mimba) ndipo zingathandizenso kupititsa patsogolo magazi m'thupi.
Zovuta kuchokera ku ileite zingaphatikizepo fistula kapena abscesses m'kati mwachindunji quadrant.
Matendawo a Crohn's Gastroduodenal
Matendawo a Crohn, pamodzi ndi jejunoileitis, amapanga pafupifupi 5 peresenti ya milandu yonse ya Crohn.
Mtundu uwu wa matenda a Crohn umakhudza mimba ndi duodenum (gawo loyamba la matumbo aang'ono ).
Zizindikilo zimaphatikizapo kutaya njala, kulemera, kusowa, kusanza ndi kupweteka pamimba pamkati. Kuwombera kungakhale chizindikiro kuti pali chotchinga mu gawo lochepa la m'mimba. Mtundu uwu wa matenda a Crohn nthawi zina umasokonezedwa ngati chilonda , ndipo matenda a Crohn amapezeka pokhapokha atachiritsidwa "chilonda" sichichotsa zizindikiro kapena ngati matenda a Crohn apezeka m'magulu ena a m'mimba.
Jejunoileitis
Mtundu uwu wa matenda a Crohn amadziwika ndi malo omwe amatha kutupa mu jaium , yomwe ili pakati, ndipo yayitali kwambiri pamatumbo aang'ono.
Jejunamu ndiyetu imatenga zakudya zambiri kuchokera ku chakudya.
Zizindikiro zimapweteka kwambiri pakudya, kutsegula m'mimba, ndi kupweteka m'mimba zomwe zimatha kufanana ndi zofatsa. Zovuta za matendawa zimaphatikizapo fistula (chingwe chosawonongeka chomwe chimagwirizanitsa ziwalo ziwiri za thupi) ndi kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti osauka azidya zakudya zowonjezera.
Crohn's Colitis
Crohn's colitis, yomwe nthawi zina imatchedwa granulomatous colitis, ndi mtundu wa matenda a Crohn omwe amakhudza kokha koloni. Mtundu wa Crohn's disease umakhudza odwala 20 peresenti. Crohn's colitis nthawi zambiri imasokonezeka ndi ulcerative colitis, koma pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Crohn's colitis ndi ulcerative colitis:
- Kutupa mu ulcerative colitis nthawi zonse kumakhala kovuta, pamene Crohn's colitis imakhala pakatikati pa colon
- Ulcerative colitis nthawi zonse imakhudza kachilomboka pamene Crohn's colitis sichikhoza.
Zizindikiro za Crohn's colitis zimaphatikizapo kutsegula m'mimba, kutuluka magazi kuchokera kumtengowo, kumatenda, fistula, kapena zilonda kuzungulira anus. Matenda a nyamakazi ndi zikopa zomwe zimagwiridwa ndi kutupa kwa matumbo zimapezeka kawirikawiri ndi Crohn's colitis kuposa mitundu ina ya matenda a Crohn.
Zotsatira:
Abbott Laboratories. "Za matenda a Crohn." Abbott Laboratories 2013.
Crohns ndi Colitis Foundation ya America. "Kodi matenda a Crohn ndi otani?" CCFA.org 2012.
Peppercorn, MA. "Chidziwitso cha odwala: matenda a Crohn." UpToDate.com 16 Oct 2012.