Chikhalidwechi Chimatchedwanso Vuto Lopanda Kumvetsetsa
Mwachidule
Matenda a dementia amayamba chifukwa cha kufooka kwa magazi ku ubongo. Pambuyo pa matenda a Alzheimer , ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri ya dementia , pamodzi ndi Lewy thupi la maganizo . Kuphunzira za matenda a dementia-kuphatikizapo zifukwa zake, zizindikiro ndi nthawi ya moyo-zingakuthandizeni kudziwa momwe mungachepetsere chiopsezo chanu, komanso zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera ngati mwapeza kuti muli ndi vutoli lachidziwitso.
Vuto la dementia loyamba limatchedwa " multi-infarct dementia" chifukwa linkaganiziridwa kuti limangotengedwa ndi zilonda zazing'ono. Komabe, dzinalo linasinthidwa kuti likhale ndi maganizo ovutika maganizo kuti liwonetsetse zinthu zomwe zingawononge magazi kuti athe kufalikira ku ubongo. Posachedwapa, madokotala ena amagwiritsa ntchito mawuwa kuti asokonezeke maganizo , mwinamwake chifukwa akuwoneka kuti akugwira ntchito yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira wofatsa mpaka wovuta, wa kuchepa kwa chidziwitso chomwe chimachititsa kuti maganizo a dementia amve.
Nthawi zambiri matenda a dementia amapezeka pamodzi ndi matenda a Alzheimer's, omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asokonezeke maganizo . Pakati pa 1% mpaka 4% a anthu opitirira zaka 65 ali ndi vuto la maganizo, ndipo chiopsezo chokhala nacho chikuwonjezeka kwambiri ndi msinkhu. Odwala matenda a 'dementia' amawerengedwa pakati pa 10 mpaka 20 peresenti ya matenda onse a dementia.
Zimayambitsa
Matenda a dementia amatha kupezeka kapena kuperewera kwa mitsempha ya m'mitsempha mu ubongo, zomwe zimachotsa maselo a ubongo kuchokera ku zakudya ndi mpweya omwe amafunika kuti azigwira bwino.
Nthawi zambiri matenda a dementia amayamba chifukwa cha zikwapu zingapo zomwe zimachitika pakapita nthawi. Zitha kuchitanso pambuyo pa kupwetekedwa kwakukulu, komwe nthawi zina kumatchedwanso matenda odwala matenda a maganizo . Sikuti zikwapulo zonse zimayambitsa matenda a maganizo, koma mpaka gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi dementia mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Zinthu monga kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda a shuga zomwe siziletsa mitsempha ya magazi, koma zimangowonjezereka, zingathenso kumayambitsa matenda a maganizo.
Zowopsa
Anthu amene amayamba kukhala ndi maganizo ovutika maganizo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mbiri yotsatira kapena imodzi mwa izi: matenda a mtima, kupwetekedwa mtima , kuthamanga kwa magazi , shuga , kapena cholesterol . Makamaka, ngati munthu ali ndi mbiri ya majeremusi angapo, chiopsezo cha kukhala ndi maganizo a m'mimba mwadzidzidzi chikuwonjezeka ndi chiwerengero cha zikwapu zomwe zimachitika pakapita nthawi.
Zina zomwe zingakuchititseni chiopsezo ndi kusuta fodya, kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, kukhala amuna, kukhala ndi mbiri ya banja la chifuwa chachikulu komanso kukhala African American.
Zizindikiro
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a maganizo ambiri nthawi zambiri amaonetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kukumbukira kukumbukira , aphasia , apraxia , agnosia , kapena mavuto omwe amagwira ntchito .
Nthaŵi zambiri, zizindikiro zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kugwira ntchito, kugwira ntchito zapakhomo, kapena kukhalabe ndi ubale. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a maganizo ambiri amakhalanso ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi ubongo monga kugwedezeka kwambiri, mavuto a kuyenda ndi kuyeza, ndi / kapena kufooka kwa miyendo, manja, ndi mapazi. Malinga ndi munthu payekha komanso chifukwa cha chifuwa cha maganizo, kusokonezeka , chisokonezo , kusokonezeka , mavuto a ukodzo , ndi / kapena kupsinjika maganizo kungaperekedwe ndi maganizo a dementia ambiri.
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, kulephera kukumbukira nthawi zambiri kumachitika pambuyo poti munthu ali ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi matenda a Alzheimer's . Mu mitsempha yambiri yaumtima, zizindikiro zoyamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamaganizo, monga mavuto osowa, kuyenda, ndi kufooka kwa minofu. Kumbali inayi, vuto la kukumbukira ndi zizindikiro za khalidwe ndiloyamba nkhani zoyamba zowoneka mu Alzheimer's. Kuonjezerapo, matenda a dementia ambiri amathamanga mofulumira. Mwachitsanzo, munthuyo amawoneka kuti ali wokhazikika kwa nthawi, ndiye mwadzidzidzi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, ndiye pitirizani kusinthana pakati pa nthawi yokhazikika ndi kudumpha mwadzidzidzi mukugwira ntchito. Matenda a Alzheimer amapita patsogolo kwambiri.
Kudziwa
Mofanana ndi matenda a Alzheimer, matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito matendawa ayenera kuchitidwa kuti athetse zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za munthuyo. Matenda a dementia ambiri amadziwika mwa njira zojambula , zomwe zingathe kuwulula mikwingwirima ndi mitsempha yotsekedwa kapena yotsekedwa. Mayesero a m'maganizo angathenso kuchitidwa kuti adziwe momwe chiwerengero cha kusowa kwa chidziwitso chimaonekera.
Kuchiza
Palibe mankhwala omwe avomerezedwa ndi FDA makamaka kuti athetse matenda a dementia, koma mankhwala omwe amavomereza kuti athetse Alzheimer nthawi zina amathandiza. Nthawi zambiri madokotala amapereka mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa vutoli ( Aricept , Exelon, kapena Razadyne ) ndi Namenda kuti athetse matenda a maganizo.
Kusamalira mavuto a mtima mwa mankhwala ndi / kapena kusintha kwa moyo kungathandize kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa ziwalo zaumtima. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti tione kuwopsa kwa magazi, kuthamanga kwa mafuta, kolesterolini, shuga wa magazi, ndi kulemera kwake, zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la ubongo komanso kumasuka kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo.
Ndondomeko zoyendetsera khalidwe zimathandizanso kuthana ndi khalidwe lovuta lomwe nthawi zina limayendera matenda a dementia.
Kutsegula ndi Kuyembekezera Moyo
Pakalipano, palibe chithandizo cha matenda a dementia. Ngati chiwerengero cha dementia chimachitika ndi majeremusi angapo, munthuyo akhoza kuwonjezereka mu njira zowonjezera nzeru, pomwe nthawi zowonongeka zimasokonezeka ndi zochitika zosayembekezereka. Chiyembekezo cha moyo kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a dementia otere ndi apamwamba kwambiri ndipo chimadalira mtundu wa mavuto a mtima omwe amachititsa kuti munthu adwale matenda a maganizo, pamodzi ndi msinkhu wa munthu komanso matenda ena.
Zotsatira:
> Alzheimer's Association. Vascular Dementia. http://www.alz.org/dementia/vascular-dementia-symptoms.asp
Association of Psychiatric Association (2013). Buku lodziŵitsa komanso lowerengera la matenda a maganizo (DSM-5). Washington, DC:.
Plassman, BL, Langa, KM, Fisher, GG, Heeringa, SG, Weir, DR, Ofstedal, MB, et al. (2007). Kukula kwa chiwopsezo cha mkhalidwe ku United States: Kukalamba, chiwerengero, ndi phunziro la kukumbukira. Neuroepidemiology, 29, 125-132.
Mzinda wa UC Memory Disorders. Kupweteka Kwambiri Kwambiri. > http://memory.ucgardnerneuroscienceinstitute.com/understanding-memory-disorders/vascular-cognitive-impairment/