Pamene inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mumapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD), chinthu chokhacho ndi chakuti moyo umasintha. Zochitika za matendawa zimakhudza mbali iliyonse ya moyo wa wodwalayo, kuphatikizapo kuthekera kugwira ntchito ndi kusangalala ndi zosangalatsa. Ngati muli bwenzi lanu, mamembala anu, kapena wosamalira munthu wina yemwe ali ndi COPD, pozindikira kuchuluka kwa zofooka zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi matendawa ndikudziwa zomwe mungachite kuti muthandizidwe ndizofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi chida chanu cha COPD.
Ngati mukusamalira munthu amene akufika pamapeto a moyo wake, palinso zina zowonjezera zomwe muyenera kuziganizira.
Mmene Mungathandizire
Nazi njira zina zomwe mungathandizire wokondedwa wanu ndi COPD kumverera bwino ndikukhala ndi khalidwe lapamwamba la moyo.
Thandizo Kusuta Fodya
Kuthana ndi chizolowezi cha ndudu ndicho chiwerengero chimodzi choyambirira kwa munthu wina yemwe ali ndi COPD ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino zothetsera kupitirira kwa matendawa. Nazi malangizo othandizira wokondedwa wanu kusiya:
- Ngati mumasuta, musasute mkati mwa nyumba kapena pafupi ndi wokondedwa wanu. Kusuta fodya kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mapapo ndipo kumapangitsa kuti COPD iwonongeke. Komanso, pamene wina akuyesera kuti asiye kusuta fodya, palibe chomwe chimamulepheretsa kusiya kusiya kununkhiza kwa winawake. Ngati mukuyenera kusuta, chitani panja pamene wokondedwa wanu sali pafupi.
- Chotsani chirichonse chokhudzana ndi kusuta kuchokera kuwona wokondedwa wanu. Izi zikuphatikizapo ndudu, ashtrays, ndi lighting.
- Muzimusokoneza ndi njira zina, ntchito zathanzi pamene chilakolako chimachitika. Yesani masewera a masewera, kusisita, kapena kuyenda kupita ku paki.
- Sungani maswiti a maswiti odzaza zakudya zopatsa thanzi kuti athetse zilakolako zomwe zimakwiyitsa.
Peŵani Zambiri Zamtengo Wapatali
Zakudya zamakono zomwe ziri ndi zovuta zowononga, monga zonunkhira, tsitsi, tsitsi, ndi pambuyo, zimapseketsa fungo lolimba lomwe lingapangitse kuti wokondedwa wanu ayambe kuuluka, kuchititsa kuti zizindikiro za COPD zikuipire.
Pamene muli pafupi ndi wokondedwa wanu, ndi bwino kupita ku chilengedwe.
Mofananamo, mpweya wochokera ku mankhwala owopsa ungadwale COPD ndi kuonjezera zizindikiro. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osakanizika okha omwe mukuyeretsa pakhomo panu, ndipo musaiwale kupereka mpweya wabwino.
Dziwani Zomwe Muyenera Kuchita Panthawi Yopweteka Kwambiri
Kuchulukitsa kwa COPD ndi chifukwa chimodzi chomwe anthu omwe ali ndi COPD amafunira chithandizo chamwadzidzidzi ndipo amaloledwa kuchipatala. Kuwonjezeka kwa COPD nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezereka zizindikiro monga kupuma pang'ono, kutchedwa dyspnea , ndi chifuwa. Lembani mndandanda wa nambala zachangu zomwe mumakumana nazo mu foni yanu ndipo onetsetsani kuti mukudziwa momwe mungadziwire zovuta zisanachitike. Zingakuthandizeni kulankhula ndi dokotala wa wokondedwa wanu zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera.
Limbikitsani Kuchita Zodziletsa Nthawi Zonse
Anthu omwe ali ndi COPD adzamva bwino-ndi kukhala amphamvu-ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi . Ngati zizindikiro za COPD zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchita, limbitsani njira yochita masewero olimbitsa thupi yomwe ikuphatikizapo kuyamba pang'onopang'ono : 3 mpaka 5 mphindi panthawi patsiku, kugwira ntchito nthawi yaitali. Inde, chilimbikitso chabwino kwambiri chimene mungapereke kwa wokondedwa wanu ndicho kuchita nawo limodzi.
Konzani Zakudya Zathanzi ndi Zosakaniza
Anthu omwe ali ndi COPD amafunika kudya zakudya zowonongeka kuti akhalebe ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti apume ndi kumaliza ntchito zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Gwiritsani ntchito zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba , kuchepetsa zakudya zofiira ndi zakudya zosakanizidwa, sankhani mapuloteni ena monga mtedza ndi mbewu, ndipo taganizirani kugula juicer kuti madzi azidya zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Kubwerera ku njira yomwe makolo athu adadya ndichinsinsi cha moyo wautali ndikumverera bwino ndi COPD.
Limbikitsani Kuteteza Mphamvu
COPD imatulutsa munthu wamphamvu, kusiya zochepa zofunikira monga kupuma ndi kudya. Kusamalira magetsi ndi mbali yofunikira ya kasamalidwe ka matenda komwe mungathe kulimbikitsa m'njira zingapo monga:
- Konzani zinthu zomwe ogwiritsidwa ntchito ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti akhale pamalo apansi.
- Konzani zinthu pa alumali kuti zikhale zankhondo kuti wokondedwa wanu asamawafikire.
- Ikani mpando wosamba m'manja.
Gwiritsani ntchito Fan kapena Air Conditioner
Anthu ena omwe ali ndi COPD amapeza kuti firimu ikuwonekera pamaso pawo, kapena kuti mpweya wabwino ukuyenda mosalekeza, amawathandiza kupuma mosavuta. Ngati izi ndi zoona kwa wokondedwa wanu, yesetsani kuika mpweya wabwino pamtunda, mozizira kwambiri. Ngati mukumva kuti simukumva bwino mu malo ozizira, sungani mabokosi owonjezera kapena sweta pakhomo.
Pangani Mpweya Wanu Wamkati
Kodi mukudziwa kuti mpweya wamkati nthawi zina umadetsedwa kuposa mpweya wakunja? Kuwonongeka kwa mpweya wamlengalenga kungachulukitse zizindikiro ndi kuipa kwa COPD. Kupititsa patsogolo ubwino wa mpweya wanu wamkati kudzakuthandizani kuti inu ndi banja lanu muzipuma bwino komanso muthanzi.
Thandizani Kufalitsa Kuzindikira kwa COPD
COPD ndi njira yachitatu yothetsera imfa ku United States, kumbuyo kwa matenda a mtima komanso khansara, komabe n'zodabwitsa kuti anthu ochepa amadziŵa za izo. Ndili nthendayi yozunguliridwa ndi nthano komanso zolakwika zomwe zimadyetsedwa ndi umbuli. Thandizani kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa COPD pofalitsa mawu pa zifukwa zake, zizindikiro , matenda , matenda , ndi kupewa. Nazi njira zina zomwe mungachite gawo lanu:
- Pitani Tsiku la World COPD pa Facebook.
- Sindikirani Chida Chodzipangira COPD . Perekani kwa aliyense yemwe ali ndi zifukwa zoopsa za matendawa .
- Tumizani e-khadi ya COPD yaulere, yothandizidwa ndi National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute.
Mapeto a Zamoyo
Ngati mumakhulupirira kuti imfa ya wokondedwa wanu ikuyandikira, ndi nthawi yothetsera mavuto ake. Izi zikhoza kukhala zovuta kusamalira, makamaka pamene muli ndi matenda aakulu, olepheretsa ngati COPD. Chifukwa cha ichi, inu ndi banja lanu mungafunike kuganizira zolembera thandizo la chipatala kuti akutsogolereni nthawi ino.
Kaya mumasankha odwala, ngati wokondedwa wanu afa, mwina muli ndi mafunso ambiri okhudza momwe mungaperekere chitonthozo ndi kuthandizira mokwanira masiku ake omaliza. Nazi njira zina zothandizira.
Kusamalira Zizindikiro
Kusamala kwa chidziwitso ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa mapeto a chisamaliro cha moyo chifukwa zizindikiro za COPD zimakhala zowawa m'masiku otsiriza. Zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi mapeto a moyo ndi COPD zikuphatikizapo kuwonjezeka kwa dyspnea ndi chifuwa , kuwonjezereka kochuluka, nkhawa ndi kukhumudwa, chisokonezo, anorexia, ndi chachexia , chikhalidwe chofotokozedwa ndi kulemera kwa thupi, minofu ya atrophy, ndi kutopa.
Dyspnea ndi nkhawa zakambidwa kuti ndizo zizindikiro zovuta kwambiri za COPD zokhudzana ndi kutha kwa moyo. Kulamulira zizindikirozi kumaphatikizapo kufufuza mosamala ndi chithandizo, makamaka mwa namwino wanu wothandizira, pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osakaniza mankhwala omwe angakhalepo monga mankhwala:
- Zitsulo zamakono kuti achepetse dyspnea
- Diuretics, ngati kusungidwa kwa madzi chifukwa cha vuto la mtima wokhudzana ndi kupweteka dyspnea
- Mankhwala otsekemera a opioid, makamaka omwe amatengedwa pamlomo kapena pambali (pakati pa tsaya ndi chingamu)
- Thandizo la oxygen , limene limagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala komanso ngati likuwonetsedwa
- Mankhwala a glucocorticoids chifukwa zotsatira zolakwika za mankhwalawa sizikuganiziranso panthawiyi
- Benzodiazepines kuti athetse nkhawa
- Thorazine chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwakukulu
Njira zopanda mankhwala zothandizira dyspnea zomwe mungathe kuzigwiritsa ntchito nokha kapena kuthandizira wokondedwa wanu ndi:
- Kukwezera mutu wa bwenzi la wokondedwa wanu madigiri 30
- Chithunzi chofatsa chimayang'ana nkhope ya wokondedwa wanu
- Kutupa-milomo yopuwala
- Njira zotsegula ndi zojambula
- Kuchiza minofu
- Kugwiritsa ntchito nyimbo ndi zipangizo, CD, kapena wailesi
Kupweteka kwa ululu
Kulamulira kupweteka ndi vuto pa magawo omalizira a moyo ndi COPD ndipo amayesetsa kuti athetse ululu. Mankhwala opweteka amayenera kuperekedwa nthawi zonse kuti asamapweteke kwambiri chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe amasiya kapena kuchedwa kwa utsogoleri.
Otsutsa ndi opanga mankhwala samapanga pang'ono kuti athetse chifuwa pamagulu omaliza a COPD. Njira zina zingapereke mpumulo wothandiza kwambiri, monga:
- Mpweya wofiira, humidified kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi m'malo.
- Opioids, monga codeine kapena morphine, yotengedwa pamlomo.
- Nebulized lidocaine, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, imatanthauza kuti wokondedwa wanu sayenera kudya kwa mphindi 30 mutatha kulamulira chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha aspiration.
Onetsetsani kuti mumalankhula ndi namwino wa chipatala cha odwala ponena za chithandizo chamankhwala chilichonse.
Kukana Kudya
N'zovuta kuona munthu amene mumamukonda akukana chakudya chopatsa moyo, koma ichi ndi chizindikiro chofala pakati pa odwala. Ndipotu, masiku atatu apitawo asanafe, odwala ambiri sangathe kudya.
Ndikoyenera, komabe, kuonetsetsa kuti chinthu china sichikuthandizira kuthetsa chilakolako chofuna kudya, monga mazira opunduka, zilonda m'kamwa, pakamwa pamlomo, kupweteka, kapena mseru. Nazi malingaliro okhudzana ndi zakudya zokhudzana ndi zakudya komanso kuthamanga kumapeto kwa moyo:
- Ngati wokondedwa wanu sakufuna kudya, musamukakamize kuti adye.
- Kupereka zakudya zomwe amasangalala nazo, mosasamala kanthu za zakudya zabwino. Ngati akufuna ice cream chakudya cham'mawa, mupatseni.
- Taganizirani zapakiteriya zopatsa pathupi ngati izi ndi zomwe wokondedwa wanu wanena kuti akufuna.
- Nthawi zambiri muzionetsetsa kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito swabs zachinyontho ndi mapulogalamu a chipale chofewa kuti mupewe zinthu zam'mimba zokhudzana ndi kuchepa kwa madzi.
Kusokonezeka
Pamene wodwala wa COPD ali wotsiriza, pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingayambitse chisokonezo, kuphatikizapo:
- Mankhwala
- Hypoxia
- Kupweteka kosalamulirika
- Kupanda tulo
- Zosungirako zoweta
- Kusalinganizana kwa chilengedwe
Chithandizo chiyenera kuyang'ana pa chifukwa ngati chingadziwitsidwe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati vuto lalikulu la chisokonezo ndi mankhwala a hypoxemia, kusowa kwa oxygen m'magazi, ndiye kuti oxygen yowonjezera ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwongolera. Ngati zokhudzana ndi kusungidwa kwa mitsempha, mungathe kukambirana za malo a Foley catheter ndi namwino wanu wothandizira.
Kusokonezeka maganizo
Mapeto a moyo wa munthu akhoza kukhala nthawi yosinkhasinkha kwakukulu kwa onse odwala ndi achibale. Ikhoza kukhala nthawi yachisoni chachikulu. Kungogwira dzanja la wokondedwa wanu ndi kumvetsera kungatonthoze kuti mawu sangathe. Onetsetsani kuthetsa zosowa zauzimu zomwe wokondedwa wanu angakhale nazo. Mwinanso mukufuna kufunsa wansembe, abusa, kapena uphungu kuti athandize. Limbikitsani wokondedwa wanu kuti alankhule za momwe akumvera ndikuthandizira kuthetsa nkhani iliyonse yosasinthika momasuka.
Imfa ikayandikira
Imfa ikayandikira, thupi limayamba kutseka. Zisonyezero za izi zingaphatikizepo:
- Kuwonjezera kugona
- Kuwonjezeka chisokonezo ndi kusokonezeka
- Masomphenya ndi zolinga
- Kusamvera ndi / kapena kusadziwa
- Kuchepetsa chidwi cha chakudya kapena madzi
- Kutaya kwa ena
- Kulephera kulamulira matumbo ndi / kapena chikhodzodzo
- Kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi; Khungu limamva chimfine kukhudza
- Mdima wakuda; kuchepa kwa mkodzo
- Kupweteka kosawonjezereka
- Kupuma kosasinthasintha
- Kuwombera kapena zovuta zina zowopsya zimamva pakupuma
- Kusuntha mwadzidzidzi
- Kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupuma, ndi kuthamanga kwa mtima
- Kutaya kwa malingaliro
Pambuyo pa Imfa
Pambuyo pa wokondedwa wanu wadutsa, mosakayikira mudzamva kukhudzidwa kambirimbiri chifukwa cha mpumulo, kupsa mtima, ndi chisoni chachikulu. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti izi ndizochitika mwachibadwa ndi mbali yachisoni. Musazengereze kufunafuna chithandizo. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi chisoni chanu , ndipo panokha mukupita patsogolo ndi moyo wanu.
> Zotsatira:
> Curtis JR. Kusakanikirana ndi Kutsirizitsa Moyo Kusamalira Odwala Odwala COPD. European Respiratory Journal . September 2008; 32 (3): 796-803. lembani: 10.1183 / 09031936.00126107.
> Chipatala cha Mayo. COPD: Kuzindikira ndi Kuchiza. Ophunzira a Mayo Clinic. Idasinthidwa pa August 11, 2017.
> Spathis A, Booth S. Mapeto a Moyo Wosamalira Matenda Osalepheretsa Matenda Opatsirana: Kufufuza Imfa Yabwino. Magazini Yachilendo Yopanda Kulepheretsa Matenda Opatsirana . 2008; 3 (1): 11-29. lembani: 10.2147 / COPD.S698.