Chikhalidwe Chogwirizana ndi Kuopsa Kwambiri kwa Matenda a Mtima
Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kawirikawiri akhala akukweza mitsempha ya cholesterol ndi triglycerides , yomwe imayambitsidwa osati kokha ndi kachilombo kokha koma ndi mankhwala omwe amatanthauza kuchiza matendawa. Zina mwazinthu zingapangitsenso zinthu izi, zodziwika, motero, monga hypercholesterolemia ndi hypertriglyceridemia .
Cholesterol N'chiyani?
Cholesterol imatanthauzidwa ndi American Heart Association ngati mankhwala otha magazi m'magazi a munthu omwe amachokera ku chiwindi cha munthu ndi zakudya zina-makamaka chakudya chofiira ndi mkaka wodzaza mafuta.
Cholesterol chokwanira chingalepheretse mitsempha mu thupi, yomwe imateteza magazi okwanira kufika ku ziwalo zofunika, kuphatikiza mtima ndi ubongo. Izi zingachititse munthu kutenga chiopsezo cha mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya cholesterol:
- Cholesterol LDL : amawona kuti "cholesterol" choipa, LDL yapamwamba imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima ndi kupwetekedwa. Chakudya chokhala ndi mafuta odzaza ndi odzola-monga nyama yofiira, zakudya zowonongeka, ndi zakudya zopanda chofufumitsa- zithandiza kulitsa cholesterol cha LDL.
- Cholesterol cha HDL : nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa "wabwino" cholesterol, otsika HDL chimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a mtima kapena kupwetekedwa. Genetics ya munthu, yokhala ndi shuga ya mtundu wa 2 , kusuta, ndi kukhala ndi moyo wokhala ndi moyo wokhazikika kumachepetsa ma CD a cholesterol a HDL.
Cholesterol yonse amawerengedwa powonjezera HDL + LDL + 20% ya mlingo wa triglyceride wa munthu. Nthawi zambiri, chofunikira kwambiri cha mafuta m'thupi ndi choposa mamiligalamu 200 pa deciliter (mg / dL).
Kodi Triglycerides N'chiyani?
Triglycerides ndi mafuta omwe amachokera ku zakudya kapena amapangidwa ndi thupi kuchokera ku zowonongeka kwa chakudya. Munthu atadya chakudya, mafuta owonjezera omwe sangagwiritsidwe ntchito mwamsanga amatembenuzidwa kukhala triglycerides. Mafakitalewa amatha kudutsa m'magazi mpaka afike minofu yambiri, kumene amasungidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito.
Maseŵera otchuka a triglyceride akugwirizana ndi mwayi wochuluka wa kukhala ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mtundu wa shuga 2. Kuwonjezera apo, ngati munthu ali ndi triglycerides komanso mkulu wa LDL kapena HDL, ndiye kuti ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima kapena mikwingwirima.
Kawirikawiri, msinkhu wa mtundu wa triglyceride umatanthawuza kukhala ndi mamiligalamu osachepera 150 pa deciliter (mg / dL), pomwe chiwerengero chachikulu cha triglyceride chimafotokozedwa monga 500mg / dL kapena zambiri.
Zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha munthu pa hypertriglyceridemia ndi izi:
- Kunenepa kwambiri
- Kusagwira ntchito
- Kumwa kwambiri mowa
- Kusuta fodya
- Amadyetsa zakudya zambiri (monga zokometsera zowonjezera, cookies, mkate ndi mbatata)
- Matenda ena monga matenda a shuga 2 kapena matenda a impso
- Mankhwala ena (monga antiretrovirals, estrogen ndi corticosteroids )
- Maonekedwe a majini
Cholesterol ndi Triglycerides ndi Chiyanjano Chawo ku HIV
Kutenga kachilombo ka HIV kumayambitsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol ndi ma triglyceride omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Matendawa angathe kuwonjezereka kwambiri ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV , omwe amachititsanso kuti thupi la munthu liwonongeke kwambiri.
Mankhwala amtundu wa HIV omwe amatchedwa protease inhibitors (PIs) amadziwika kwambiri ndi hypertriglyceridemia ndi hypercholesterolemia.
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) - mankhwala osokoneza bongo angathandizenso izi. Mwa iwo:
- Ziagen (abacavir)
- Zerit (stavudine)
- Retrovir (zidovudine, AZT)
- Kaletra (lopinavir + ritonavir)
Kuthamanga kwa High Cholesterol ndi Triglycerides
Chifukwa cha mgwirizano womwe umayambitsa pakati pa HIV ndi cholesterol / triglycerides, anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ayenera kuyesedwa magazi nthawi zonse kuti ayang'ane magazi awo.
Kusintha kwa moyo (kuphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi , kudya zakudya zochepa komanso kusuta fodya ) nthawi zambiri kumachepetsa mavuto ambiri a chithandizo ndi matenda. Nthaŵi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala ena kuti achepetse cholesterol ndi triglycerides zingalimbikitsidwe ngati magulu amachokera ku zomwe angaone kuti ndi zathanzi, makamaka kwa okalamba kapena omwe ali ndi matenda a kagayidwe kake.
Kafukufuku wochokera ku Kaiser Permanente Research Research wasonyeza kuti mankhwala a kolesterolini amatha kugwira ntchito bwino pakati pa anthu ena omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV omwe ali pachiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Ngakhale kuti chiopsezo cha matenda ndi chokwanira chifukwa cha vuto lopweteka lomwe lingathe kuchitika ndi mankhwala ena ochepetsa kachilombo ka HIV, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amayamba kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri.
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala a chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana ngati Lopid (gemfibrozil) kwawonetsedwa kuti ndibwino kwambiri kuchepetsa makutu a cholesterol ndi triglyceride kwa anthu omwe ali ndi HIV.
Zotsatira:
AIDSInfo. "Zotsatira Zotsatira za Mankhwala a HIV." Webusaiti ya US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS); inapezeka pa September 25, 2015.
American Heart Association (AHA). "Za Cholesterol." Dallas, Texas; inapezeka pa September 25, 2015.
Feeney, E. ndi Mallon, P. "HIV ndi HAART-Associated Dyslipidemia." Tsegulani Magalimoto Med . 2011; 5: 49-63.
Kaiser Permanente. "Phunziro Lalikulu Kwambiri Kufananitsa Chithandizo cha Cholesterol M'thupi mwa Odwala ndi Odwala Opanda HIV." SayansiDaily . Lofalitsidwa pa March 2, 2009.