Maphunziro ndi Kudzifufuza Ndizo Zoyamba Zoyamba
Ngakhale kupititsa patsogolo popewera ndi kuchiza HIV, mthunzi wa kachilombo ka HIV umasokoneza kwambiri, ndipo umakhudza ambiri mwa omwe amakhala ndi matendawa. Chowopsya kwambiri ndi mantha a nkhanza zomwe nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ngati zikuuluka pambali pa chidziwitso cha anthu. Kwa ena, zimakhala zosavuta kuti tipewe kuyesa kachirombo ka HIV kusiyana ndi kudziwonetsera nokha kusankhana kapena kukanidwa.
Kuyesera kuchepetsa mantha awa, kapena kuwalingalira iwo, silingaganizire zovuta zomwe zimayambitsa ndi kupititsa manyazi.
Mavuto a HIV Stigma
Ngakhale kuti moyo wapambana kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV m'zaka makumi atatu zapitazi, zolepheretsa zambiri zamaganizo ndi zamaganizo zimatsalirabe.
Pamapeto pake, kachilombo ka HIV sikanafanana ndi matenda ena aliwonse, osati monga momwe anthu amadziwira. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi matenda ena monga khansara kapena matenda a mtima ndikuti, monga matenda omwe amachititsa, omwe ali ndi kachilombo kawirikawiri amawoneka ngati zizindikiro zofalitsira. Chilango chimaperekedwa nthawi zambiri, osati kwa munthu wodwala kachilombo koma kwa anthu onse, kaya ali amuna achiwerewere, ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo , kapena anthu a mtundu.
Ngakhale mliri wa Edzi usanayambe kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 80s, ambiri mwa maguluwa anali atanyozedwa kale, otchulidwa ndi ena ngati ochita zachiwerewere kapena osasamala.
Panthawi yoyamba ya matendawa, kufalikira kwa matendawa kudzera m'maderawa kunathandizira kulimbitsa zolakwika. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV nthawi zambiri amatumizidwa kubisala, mwina poopa kusiya, kusankhana, kapena kuzunzidwa.
Kusagwirizana ndi kugonana kumathandizanso kuti anthu azikhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Ngakhalenso m'madera ena omwe amayamba kukula, kugonana kungachititse manyazi kuchita manyazi kapena makamaka manyazi pamene akukhudzana ndi kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, akazi ogonana, kapena kugonana pakati pa achinyamata .
Pa nthawi yomweyi, zomwe zimatchedwa "zidziwitso zachiwiri" ("Kodi mwazipeza motani?") Zimathandiza kuti ambiri asapite patsogolo pamene akukumana ndi mantha monga kuvomereza nkhani, kuvumbulutsa vuto la mankhwala, kapena kutuluka kugonana. Malamulo ophwanya malamulo a HIV m'mayiko ambiri amathandizira kulimbikitsa manthawa, kupangitsa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kukhala "osayeruzika" pamene akunena kuti omwe alibe ali "ozunzidwa."
Zonsezi sizingakuthandizeni koma zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikunyoza, zenizeni komanso zowonongeka, ndipo zingathe kufotokoza chifukwa chake 20 peresenti ya Achimereka okwana 1.2 miliyoni omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV sagonjetsedwa kwathunthu.
Kugonjetsa Stigma ya HIV
Kuphunzira kuthetsa tsankho la HIV sikophweka nthawi zonse. Kufuna kudziwonetsera payekha, komanso kufufuza moona mtima zachinyengo zanu ndi zikhulupiliro zanu. Chimodzi mwa zolinga ndikumvetsetsa zomwe mumaopa (zokhudzana ndi maganizo kapena maganizo) ndi zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa (zochokera zenizeni).
Mwa kulekanitsa awiriwo, mudzakhala okonzeka bwino kukhazikitsa njira kuti musagonjetse mantha anu koma kuti mudzipulumutse nokha pa zovuta, zochitika zenizeni za tsankho kapena kuzunzidwa.
Pamapeto pake, kuthana ndi nkhanza sizomwe zingasankhe ngati njira, yomwe imatenga nthawi ndi chipiriro. Chofunika kwambiri, komatu, sikutanthauza kukhala nokha. Kugawana mantha anu ndi ena kungapangitse zinthu kukhala bwino, kukupatsani bwalo lolira m'malo modzipatula mumalingaliro anu ozama, akuda kwambiri.
Nazi malingaliro ochepa momwe mungayambire:
- Choyamba, yesani kuchotsa mulandu pa zokambirana zomwe mungakhale nazo nokha. Dzikumbutseni kuti kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda osati makhalidwe abwino.
- Kenaka, dziphunzitseni nokha za HIV pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyenera. Mabungwe ochokera m'magulu ali ndi magwero akuluakulu a izi, kupereka timabuku ndi timapepala omwe sali olondola komanso olembedwa, koma nthawi zambiri
- Ngati mukuwopa kutsegulira munthu yemwe mumamudziwa, yambani kuyitana mndandanda wa AIDS . Nthawi zambiri ma Hotlines angakulozereni kuti muthandize magulu kapena alangizi omwe mungathe kulankhula momasuka ndi mwachinsinsi.
- Kumvetsetsani ufulu wanu pansi pa lamulo. Mabungwe ammudzi angayese kukuthandizani ndi mauthenga alamulo kuti akuthandizeni pamene mukukumana ndi chisankho kuntchito, m'nyumba, kapena ndi othandizira zaumoyo.
- Ngati mwasankha kupeza kachilombo ka HIV , kambiranani zachinsinsi zomwe mungakhale nazo ndi dokotala kapena chipatala. Kusiya vuto lililonse lomwe simukulidziwa lidzangowonjezera nkhawa zanu.
- Masiku ano zipatala zambiri zimapereka chithandizo kwa omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, kuphatikizapo magulu othandizira, mabanja, mapulogalamu a mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi uphungu wathanzi.
- Mukakonzeka kulankhula ndi anzanu kapena abambo, khalani ndi nthawi yokonzekera nokha. Ganizirani zomwe mungathe kuchita ndi njira zomwe mungachite nawo. Yesetsani kukonzekera momwe mungayankhire mafunso monga, "Mwapindula bwanji?" kapena "Kodi wagwiritsira ntchito kondomu?"
- Chofunika kwambiri, mwinamwake, avomereze kuti nthawi zina anthu amafunsa mafunso osazindikira komanso opusa. Yesetsani kukhala otetezeka kwambiri. Dzikumbutseni kuti ndizowonetseratu mantha awo komanso kuti akudutsanso njira. Ngati mungathe, gwiritsani ntchito ngati mwayi wophunzitsa ndikuunikira. Mungadabwe kuti anthu amadziwa bwanji za matendawa. Apatseni phindu la kukaikira.
- Ndipo potsiriza, ngati mukuvutika maganizo nthawi yaitali, kapena muli ndi vuto lakumwa mowa mwauchidakwa, funani thandizo la akatswiri. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti atumize kapena kuyankhula ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu. Musati mupite nokha ngati simusowa. Pali thandizo.
Zotsatira:
Pulerwitz, J .; Michaelis, A .; Weiss, E ;; et al. "Kuchepetsa Chinyengo Chokhudzana ndi HIV: Zophunzira Zophunzira kuchokera ku Horizons Research and Programs." Mauthenga a Zaumoyo Amtundu. Mar-Apri2010, 25 (2): 272-281.
Maharan, A .; Sayles, J ;; Patel, V .; et al. "Kusokonezeka kwa mliri wa HIV / AIDS: kubwereza mabuku ndi ndondomeko za njira yopita patsogolo." AIDS. August 2008; 22 (Suppl 2): S67-S79.