Kukhazikitsidwa kwa bioavailability ndi bioequivalence onse amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu pharmacology kufotokoza zochitika ndi katundu wa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumalongosola kuti munthu yemwe ali ndi mlingo wa mankhwalawo amayamba kufalikira m'magazi kamodzi kokha ngati mankhwala akuperekedwa pamlomo, mwachindunji kapena njira zina.
Mwakutanthauzira, mankhwala operekedwa kudzera mu mankhwala amatha kuperekedwa kwa 100% chifukwa amaperekedwa mwachindunji m'magazi.
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingakhudze mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zimaphatikizapo, mwa zina:
- Thupi la mankhwala, kuphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo
- Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala (mwachitsanzo, kumasulidwa mwamsanga, nthawi yomasulidwa)
- Matenda a m'mimba a wodwalayo
- Zaka za wodwalayo, zomwe zingakhudzire liwiro la mankhwala osokoneza bongo
- Kaya mankhwalawa amatengedwa kapena opanda chakudya
- Nthenda yamphongo (impso) ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi (chiwindi) chomwe chimakhudza chilolezo cha mankhwala
Kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena kapena chakudya kungathe kusokoneza mwachindunji chisokonezo. Mwachitsanzo, pochiza HIV / Edzi , mankhwala opatsirana pogonana ndi Norvir (ritonavir) omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti "akulimbikitse" mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV - amathandizanso kuwonjezera mankhwala omwe amapezeka ngati Viagra (sildenafil citrate) . Pochita zimenezi, ikhoza kuwonjezera nusu ya moyo wa Viagra pomwe ikukulitsa zotsatira zake.
Mosiyana ndi izi, ma antiacidal-based-magnesium- ndi aluminium (monga Tums kapena Milk of Magnesia) amatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa mankhwala ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV pakatengedwa nthawi imodzi - mpaka 74% ndi mankhwala monga Tivicay (dolutegravir) - ndipo, pochita zimenezo, zingathetserere zolinga za mankhwala.
Bioequivalence ndi mawu ogwiritsidwa ntchito mu pharmacology pofotokoza zinthu ziwiri zosiyana ndi mankhwala omwe, motengera mphamvu zawo ndi chitetezo, ali chimodzimodzi.
Bungwe la US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limatanthauzira bioequivalence monga "kusowa kwa kusiyana kwakukulu pa mlingo ndi momwe ntchito yogwira ntchito kapena ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ofanana ndi mankhwala kapena mankhwala omwe amapezeka amapezeka pamalo a mankhwala osokoneza bongo atagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mlingo womwewo mofanana pa phunziro lokonzedwa bwino. "
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa biovailability ndi bioequivalence ndi zofanana zokhudzana ndi bioavailability (ie, kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala ena) ndi imodzi mwa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mankhwala a bioequivalency.
Kwa mgwirizano wa FDA, mankhwala osokoneza bongo ayenera kusonyeza kuti peresenti yokhala ndi chidaliro cha 90% (CI) muyeso ndi mlingo wa bioavailability poyerekeza ndi zomwe zimayambira, mankhwala.
> Zotsatira:
> Muirhead, G ;; Wuff, M ;; Fielding, A .; et al. "Kugwirizana kwa mankhwala a sildenafil ndi saquinavir / ritonavir." British Journal ya Clinical Pharmacology. August 2000; 50 (2): 99-107.
> Nyimbo, I .; Borland, J .; Arya, N .; et al. "Zotsatira za kashiamu ndi zitsulo zowonjezera pa pharmacokinetics ya > dolutegravir > muzochita bwino." Msonkhanowu wa 15 ku International Clinic Pharmacology wa HIV ndi Hepatitis Therapy; Washington, DC; May 19-21, 2014; zowoneka P_13.
> US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). "Malangizo Othandizira Makampani: Kupeza Bwino ndi Kuphunzira kwa Bioequivalence kwa mankhwala ovomerezeka ovomerezeka - Zoganizira Zambiri." Silver Springs, Maryland.