31 Ogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo tsopano alipo kuti athetse kachilombo ka HIV
Mankhwala ochepetsa kachilombo ka HIV amayambitsidwa m'magulu asanu kuchokera pa siteji ya moyo wa HIV omwe amaletsa. Masiku ano, pali makina 27 (omwe amatchedwa molecule zamagulu) ndi madokotala 12 omwe amakhala osakaniza (FDC) omwe ali ndi ma molekyulu awiri kapena ambiri. Zisanu ndi ziwiri za FDC, zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga mapiritsi amodzi, mankhwala amodzi, tsiku ndi tsiku, kutsimikizira kuti kulimbikitsana kwambiri ndi mankhwala.
Mankhwala ochepetsa kachilombo ka HIV amalembedwa pogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta atatu, omwe amadziwikanso kuti HAART (mankhwala othandiza kwambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV). Kuchokera kumayambiriro kwake mu 1996, HAART yasintha kwambiri ndipo lero ikupereka zotsatira zochepetsetsa komanso mphamvu yowonjezera kuposa kale lonse.
Ndipotu, mankhwala opangidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo katatu angakhalenso ndi mankhwala ochiritsira monga Juluca (dolutegravir + rilpivirine) omwe akuvomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito monga mankhwala okwanira, omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Pa February 7, 2018, kachilombo ka HIV katsopano kameneka, bictegravir, inavomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi US Food and Drug Administration monga mankhwala a FDC, Biktarvy.
| Kalasi ya Mankhwala | Dzina lajambula | Dzina lachibadwa | Kusankha Kwakukulu | Zolemba Zakudya |
| Mavitamini olowa | Fuzeon | enfuvirtide, T-20 | 90mg (1 mL) jekeseni kawiri tsiku ndi tsiku | Palibe |
| Selzentry, Celsentri | maraviroc | Imodzi ya 150mg piritsi kawiri tsiku lililonse, 300mg piritsi kawiri tsiku lililonse, kapena mapiritsi 300mg kawiri tsiku lililonse, malingana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo | Palibe | |
| Othandizira Achipatala (omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV) | Norvir | ritonavir | Malangizo a protease inhibitor, Norvir amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kuti "kulimbitsa" mankhwala a seramu ena a protease inhibitors (PIs); olemba malamulo ayenera kuwonana ndi chidziwitso chathunthu pamene akugwirizana ndi ma PIs | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya |
| Tybost | chowombera | 150mg amatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku; katswiri wa CYP3A inhibitor, Tybost amagwiritsidwa ntchito "kulimbitsa" mankhwala a seramu ambiri a protease inhibitors (PIs) | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Integrase Inhibitors | Isentress | raltegravir | Piritsi imodzi ya 400mg imatengedwa kawiri tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya |
| Tivicay | dolutegravir | Piritsi limodzi la 50mg tsiku lililonse kwa odwala osatulutsidwa; 50mg piritsi limodzi kawiri tsiku lililonse kwa odwala omwe akudziwa bwino mankhwala omwe amatsutsa Isentress | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Vitekta | elvitegravir | 85mg kapena mapiritsi 150mg omwe amatengedwa kamodzi kapena kawiri tsiku ndi tsiku, pamodzi ndi Norvir ndi wina protease inhibitor; tumizani ku tchati ya dosing kuti mulingo ulipo | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Nucleoside ndi Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs / NtRTIs) | Emtriva | emtricitabine | Piritsi imodzi ya 100mg imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse, kapena piritsi imodzi ya 150mg imatengedwa kawiri tsiku lililonse | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya |
| Epivir | lamivudine | Piritsi imodzi yokwana 300mg imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse, kapena piritsi imodzi ya 150mg imatengedwa kawiri tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Retrovir | AZT, zidovudine | Piritsi imodzi ya 300mg imatengedwa kawiri tsiku lililonse | Chakudya chingachepetse vuto la m'mimba | |
| Videx EC | didanosine, ddI | Msupa umodzi wa 400mg watengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse; kapena kapu imodzi ya 200mg yomwe imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku kwa odwala omwe ali pansi pa 133 lbs (60kg) | Kutengedwa pamimba yopanda kanthu | |
| Viread | tenofovir | Pepala limodzi la 300mg latengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Zerit | stavudine | Msuzi wa 40mg wotengedwa 12 koloko kwa odwala 133 lb (60kg) ndi kupitirira; kapena capsule imodzi ya 30mg yotengedwa 12 koloko kwa odwala osachepera 133 lbs (60kg) | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Ziagen | Abacavir | Mapiritsi awiri a magalamu 300 amatengedwa kamodzi tsiku lililonse, kapena piritsi imodzi ya 300mg yotengedwa kawiri tsiku lililonse | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) | Zosintha | rilpivirine | Pepala limodzi la 25mg latengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya |
| Intelence | etravirine | Pepala limodzi la 200mg lotengedwa kawiri tsiku lililonse | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Wolemba | delavirdine | Ma mapiritsi awiri a magalamu 200 amatengedwa katatu tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Kusintha | efavirenz | Pepala limodzi la 600mg linatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku | Limbikitsani m'mimba yopanda kanthu | |
| Viramune XR | nevirapine | Kuchulukitsa mlingo wa piritsi imodzi ya 200mg ya Viramune tsiku lililonse kwa masiku 14, kenako tsamba limodzi la 100mg la Viramune XR tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Protease Inhibitors (PIs) | Aptivus | tipranavir | Makapu awiri a 250mg atengedwa ndi 200mg Norvir kawiri tsiku lililonse | Yabwino kwambiri kutengedwa ndi chakudya |
| Crixivan | indinavir | Ma capsules a 400mg atengedwa ndi 100mg kapena 200mg Norvir kawiri tsiku lililonse (okondedwa), kapena ma capsules a 400mg atatenga maola asanu ndi atatu | Ndi Norvir, tenga kapena wopanda chakudya; popanda Norvir, mutenge m'mimba yopanda kanthu | |
| Invirase | saquinavir | Mapiritsi awirimg a 500mg atengedwa ndi 100mg Norvir kawiri tsiku lililonse | Yabwino kwambiri yotengedwa ndi chakudya kapena maola awiri osadya | |
| Kaletra | 200 mg lopinavir + 50mg Norvir (Dziwani - lopinavir imapezeka ngati gawo la Kaletra) | Ma tablet awiri kawiri tsiku lililonse; mapiritsi anayi tsiku ndi tsiku amavomerezedwa kwa odwala osapatsidwa mankhwala kapena odwala omwe amasintha mosiyana ndi 3 omwe amagwirizana ndi kukanidwa kwa lopinavir | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Lexiva, Telzir | fosamprenavir | Mapiritsi awiri a magalamu 700 atengedwa kawiri tsiku lililonse; kapena mapiritsi a 700mg atengedwa ndi 100mg 100mg Norvir kamodzi tsiku lililonse; kapena piritsi limodzi la ma 700mg lotengedwa ndi 100mg Norvir kawiri pa tsiku kwa odwala omwe anasiya PI kulephera | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Prezista | darunavir | Piritsi imodzi yokwana 800mg (kapena mapiritsi 400mg) otengedwa ndi 100mg Norvir kamodzi tsiku lililonse; kapena piritsi imodzi ya 600mg yomwe imatengedwa ndi 100mg Norvir kawiri pa tsiku kwa odwala omwe ali odziwika bwino a Prezista- omwe amatsutsana nawo | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Reyataz | atazanavir | Ma capsules awiri a 200mg amatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku, kapena makilogalamu 300mg (kapena awirimg 150mg) omwe atengedwa ndi 100mg Norvir kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya chakuda | |
| Viracept | nelfinavir | Mapiritsi awiri a 625mg amatengedwa kawiri tsiku lililonse, kapena mapiritsi asanu a 250mg amatengedwa kawiri tsiku lililonse, kapena mapiritsi 250mg katatu katatu tsiku lililonse | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya kapena chotupitsa | |
| Mgwirizano wa Dose Wosasunthika (FDC) Mankhwala osokoneza bongo | Combivir | 300mg Retrovir + 150mg Epivir | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kawiri tsiku ndi tsiku | Chakudya chingachepetse vuto la m'mimba |
| Epzicom | 600mg Ziagen + 300mg Epivir | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Evotaz | 300mg Reyataz + 150mg Tybost | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Prezcobix | 800mg Prezista + 150mg Tybost | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Truvada | 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Mgwirizano Wonse Wodzikongoletsera Mmodzi (FDC) Mankhwala osokoneza bongo | Atripla | 600mg Kutsegula + 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku; palibe antiretroviral wina wothandizira | Zabwino kwambiri pamimba yopanda kanthu |
| Biktarvy | 50mg bictegravir + 200mg Viread + 25mg tenofovir alafenamide | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku; palibe antiretroviral wina wothandizira | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Complera | 25mg Edurant + 300mg Viread + 200mg Emtriva | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku; palibe antiretroviral wina wothandizira | Yabwino kwambiri yotengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Genvoya | 150mg Vitekta + 150mg Tybost + 10mg tenofovir alafenamide + 200mg Emtriva | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku; palibe wothandizira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ofunikiraW | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Juluca | 50mg Tivicay + 25mg Edurant | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Odefsey | 25mg Edurant + 25mg tenofovir alafenamide + 200mg Emtriva | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku; palibe antiretroviral wina wothandizira | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Chithunzi | 150mg Vitekta + 150mg Tybost + 300mg Mpweya wozungulira 200mg Emtriva | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kamodzi tsiku ndi tsiku; palibe antiretroviral wina wothandizira | Kutengedwa ndi chakudya | |
| Triumeq | 600mg Ziagen + 300mg Epivir + 50mg Tivicay | Pepala limodzi kamodzi tsiku lililonse; palibe antiretroviral wina wothandizira | Kutengedwa kapena wopanda chakudya | |
| Trizivir | 300mg Ziagen + 300mg Retrovir + 150mg Epivir | Pulogalamu imodzi imatengedwa kawiri tsiku lililonse; akhoza kuuzidwa yekha kapena kuphatikiza ndi ena othandizira ma ARV | Yabwino kwambiri yotengedwa ndi chakudya |
Chitsime:
> US Department of Health and Human Services. " Madokotala Ovomerezeka a EDA " AIDS. Washington, DC; zasinthidwa pa February 28, 2018.