Mgwirizano wa mapiritsi a kachilombo ka HIV pakati pa anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi
Kulemba
Atripla ndi mapiritsi amodzi, mankhwala osakaniza (FDC) omwe ali ndi ma antiretroviral atatu: tenofovir, emtricitabine ndi efavirenz.
Tenofovir ndi emtricitabine onse amadziwika kuti nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors ndipo amagulitsidwa motere monga Viread (tenofovir) , Emtriva (emtricitabine, FTC), ndi FDC Truvada (tenovfovir + emtricitabine) yomwe inagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Efavirenz, mosiyana, ndi nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor ndipo imagulitsidwa malonda monga Sustiva (efavirenz) .
Atripla anali ndi chilolezo ndi US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pa June 12, 2012 ndipo anali mankhwala oyamba kamodzi, tsiku ndi tsiku, omwe amavomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza HIV akuluakulu ndi ana a zaka zapakati pa khumi ndi ziwiri.
Mpaka chaka cha 2015, Atripla anali wokondedwa, chithandizo choyamba cha HIV ku US, ndipo pafupifupi oposa atatu mwa odwala onse adayitanitsa mankhwalawa. Mankhwala atsopano atsopano (omwe adadzitamandira pang'ono ndi othandiza kwambiri) potsirizira pake adasonkhezera Atripla mndandanda wa mankhwala ovomerezekawo kuti akhale "malo" oyambirira omwe alipo.
Panopa palibe njira yowonjezera ya Atripla ku US
Kukonzekera kwa Atripla
Atripla ndi pulogalamu yokhala ndi 300mg tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, 200mg emtricitabine, ndi 600mg ya efavirenz.
Phalasitiki yofiira, yofiira ndi filimu yokutidwa ndi mbali imodzi ndi nambala "123."
Mlingo wa Atripla
Kwa akuluakulu ndi ana a zaka 12 kapena kuposerapo omwe amalemera 87 lbs (40kg): piritsi imodzi yomwe imatengedwa pamlomo popanda kanthu, nthawi yogona (chifukwa cha chizungulire chomwe chikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha efavirenz chigawo).
Kwa odwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito rifampin (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pochiza matenda a chifuwa chachikulu cha TB) omwe amalemera 110 lbs (50kg): piritsi limodzi la Atripla ndi piritsi limodzi la Sustiva (efavirenz) lomwe limatengedwa pamlomo, kachiwiri pamimba yopanda kanthu komanso nthawi yogona.
Atripla Zotsatira Zake
Zotsatira zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ntchito ya Atripla (yomwe imachitika pazifukwa zisanu ndi ziwiri) imaphatikizapo:
- Nausea
- Kutsekula m'mimba
- Kutopa
- Sinusitis
- Mutu
- Chizungulire
- Kusokonezeka maganizo
- Kusagona
- Maloto osadziwika
- Rash
Zambiri mwa zizindikirozi zimakhala zosakhalitsa, nthawi zambiri zimadzikonza okha mkati mwa sabata kapena awiri. Zina mwa chisokonezo cha mitsempha ya pakati, monga chizungulire, nthawi zina amatenga nthawi yaitali kuti athetse, ngakhale kutenga mapiritsi usiku, asanayambe kugona, kumachepetsa kuchepetsa zizindikiro.
Contraindications
- Mankhwala obisika: Vrend (voriconazole)
- Mankhwala a Hepatitis B: Hepsera (adefovir)
- Zotsatira za Ergot (kuphatikizapo Wigraine ndi Cafergot)
- Magetsi a calcium: Vascor (bedripil), Propulsid (cisapride), Orap (pimozide)
- Wotchedwa St. John's Wort
Zotsatira za Chithandizo
Odwala omwe adakumanapo kale ndi machitidwe amphamvu omwe amachititsa kuti Sustiva (kuphatikizapo kupwetekedwa kwakukulu kapena kupwetekedwa mwamsanga) asayembekezere Atripla.
Atripla ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri ya vuto la chibongo (impso).
Nthawi zonse yesetsani kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala musanayambe chithandizo. Odwala omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chotaya matendawa, awonetseni kuti chilengedwe chimakhala chovomerezeka, serum phosphorous, mlungu wa m'madzi komanso mapuloteni a mkodzo pamene akuwunika. Atripla sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa odwala omwe ali ndi chiwerengero chodziwika kuti ali ndi digini pansi pa 50mL / mphindi.
Onetsetsani kuti matenda a chiwindi ndi omwe amawopsa kwambiri, kuphatikizapo hepatitis B ndi hepatitis C. Atripla sichivomerezedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lopweteka kwambiri. Gwiritsani ntchito mosamala odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi.
Chigawo cha efavirenz mu Atripla chakhala chikugwirizana ndi zovuta za fetus mu maphunziro ambiri a nyama.
Ngakhale pakadakali mkangano wosonyeza kuti efavirenz imayambitsa chiopsezo chenicheni mwa anthu, Atripla ayenera kupewedwa panthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba ), makamaka pa 1 trimester yoyamba. Azimayi amalangizidwanso kuti asamamwe mkaka atatenga Atripla.
Atripla ayenera kuuzidwa mosamala kwa anthu omwe akudwala matendawa, komanso omwe ali ndi schizophrenia, matenda ovutika maganizo, kapena matenda ena. Chigawo cha efavirenz chimadziwika kuti chimakhudza dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha, zomwe zimayambitsa chizungulire, maloto omveka, osakhazikika, ndi kusokonezeka kwa anthu ena.
Zotsatira:
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). "FDA imavomereza Njira Yoyamba Imodzi, Katatu Kachilombo ka HIV-1." Silver Spring, Maryland; ndondomeko yofalitsa yomwe inatulutsidwa pa August 2, 2004.
Bristol Myers Squibb. " Mfundo zazikulu Zopereka Mauthenga - ATRIPLA ." 2006.