Kuchiza kumalimbikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko ya zifukwa zowerengedwa
Malonda a Statin ndi amodzi mwa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kwambiri ku US ndi kugulitsa pachaka kwa $ 18 biliyoni, malinga ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine ku Chicago.
Mankhwala otchedwa Statin amadziwika kuti amachepetsa kwambiri vuto la kupweteka kwa mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mwa kuchepetsa mlingo wa "cholesterol" choipa m'magazi.
Koma sizinayanenedwenso pokhapokha pa zotsatira za mayeso a magazi. Masiku ano, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene munthu ali ndi chiwerengero chowerengera, chimodzi mwa khumi chokhala ndi matenda a mtima kapena kupweteka kwa zaka 10.
Mndandanda wa mankhwala ovomerezeka a Statin
Mankhwala khumi ndi amodzi amodzi akuvomerezedwa tsopano ndi US Food and Drug Administration, kuphatikizapo anayi omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mankhwala asanu ndi awiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi awa:
- Lipitor (atorvastatin)
- Lescol (fluvastatin)
- Mevacor (lovastatin)
- Livalo (pitavastatin)
- Pravachol (pravastatin)
- Zocor (simvastatin)
- Crestor (rosuvastatin)
Mabaibulo otsika mtengo amapezekaponso.
Ubwino wa mankhwala a Statin
Mankhwala otchedwa Statin mankhwala otsika kwa kolesteroloni amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa chiwindi, kutchedwa HMG Co-A reductase, yomwe imayambitsa cholesterol. Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa mobwerezabwereza kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepetsa kwakukulu mu "choipa" cha LDL cholesterol, kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa triglycerides , ndi kuwonjezeka kochepa mu "zabwino" za HDL cholesterol .
Zotsatirazi zimatanthauzira kuwonjezera mapindu a mtima, kuphatikizapo:
- Kuchepetsa chipika chakumanga pamakoma a mitsempha
- Kukhazikika kwa zipilala kuti zisachoke ndikupangitsa kuti zisawonongeke mumtima kapena ubongo
- Kuchepetsa kutentha kwa thupi monga momwe kumayesedwa ndi mayeso a C-reactive protein (CRP)
- Kuchepetsa mapangidwe a magazi pa malo osokoneza
Zotsatirazi zingathandizenso kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga omwe sali ndi mphamvu ya magazi.
Zotsatira Zowirizana za Zolemba
Ngakhale mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathandiza kwambiri anthu omwe ali pangozi ya matenda a mtima, pangakhale zotsatirapo zogwirizana ndi ntchito yawo. Ambiri ndi ofatsa komanso ochepa kwambiri ndipo amatha kuthetseratu thupi likasintha kuchipatala. Zowonjezereka ndizo:
- Nausea
- Gasi
- Zimakhumudwa m'mimba
- Mutu
- Chizungulire
- Kutopa
- Rash
- Kusokoneza tulo
- Kusokonezeka
- Misala ya minofu
Ma Statins angapangitsenso kukwera kwa mavitamini a chiwindi mwa mmodzi mwa anthu 100. Nthawi zambiri, kuwonjezeka kumeneku sikugwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chiwindi, komabe chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa ngati zilembo zimaperekedwa kwa anthu okhala ndi chiwindi.
Ma Statins amawoneka kuti akuwonjezera chiopsezo cha mtundu wa shuga wa mtundu wachiwiri mwa ena, makamaka amayi omwe ali ndi matendawa .
Ndani ayenera komanso sayenera kutenga ma Statins
Pakhala pali mikangano pakati pa zaka zokhudzana ndi momwe ma statin alili othandizira kapena othandizira mofanana m'magulu onse. Izi zakhala zosagwirizana ndi ena monga tanthawuzo kuti statins alibe phindu ndipo, moyipa komabe, ikhoza kukhala yovulaza.
Izi si zoona.
Mu 2016, boma la US Preventive Services Task Force (USPTSF) linapereka ndondomeko zowonongeka posonyeza kuti umboniwo unali "wosakwanira" kuti atsimikizire zolemba zoyambirira pakati pa anthu 76 ndi akulu omwe analibe mbiri ya matenda a mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima.
Mawuwo sanali chidzudzulo cha zilembo mu gulu lino kapena lingaliro lakuti anthu ayambe kumwa mankhwala a statin atasintha 76. M'malo mwake, zikusonyeza kuti phindu likhoza kukhala laling'ono komanso kuti chigamulo chachipatala chiyenera kuperekedwa pa mlandu - maziko.
USPSTF inaperekanso malingaliro okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito statins m'magulu otsatirawa:
- Chithandizo chokhala ndi mazenera ochepa mpaka ochepa amathandizira akuluakulu 40 mpaka 75 omwe sakhala ndi vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko koma ali pachiopsezo chimodzi. Kutsimikiza kumapangidwa malinga ndi kuti munthuyo ali ndi zifukwa zambiri kapena zoopsa zambiri za matenda a mtima ndipo ambiri oposa 10 peresenti amawerengetsera ngozi ya matenda a mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mu zaka 10 zotsatira.
- Chithandizo chingayambitsidwenso, pogwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chachipatala, kwa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi zaka zomwezo omwe ali ndi vuto limodzi kapena zoopsa za mtima ndi chiwerengero cha pakati pa 7.5 peresenti ndi 10 peresenti.
> Zotsatira:
> Taylor, F .; Huffman, M .; ndi Ebrahim, S. "Statin Therapy for Primary Prevention of Disease." JAMA. 2013; 310 (22): 2451-2. DOI: 10.1001 / jama.2013.281348.
> US Preventive Services Task Force. "Kugwiritsira ntchito Statin kwa Njira Yaikulu Yopewera Matenda a Mtima mu Okalamba - US Prevention Services Task Force Recommendation Statement." JAMA. November 16, 2016; 316 (19): 1997-2007. DOI: 10.1001 / jama.2016.15450.