Kuthamangitsidwa kwaumtima kwapathengo (FTD) ndi mtundu wa matenda a dementia omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa matenda a Pick. Limaphatikizapo gulu la mavuto omwe amakhudza khalidwe, malingaliro, kuyankhulana ndi kuzindikira . Mayina ena ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa FTD ndi awa:
- frontotemporal kudera
- kusokonezeka maganizo kwa nyengo
- Sankhani zovuta
- frontotemporal lobar kuchepa
Mu FTD, lobes oyambirira ndi am'kati a ubongo amakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwa atrophy (shrink) .
FTD imamenyana kwambiri (50s mpaka 60s), koma yadziwika kwa anthu omwe ali a zaka 21 ndipo ndi okalamba ngati a zaka za m'ma 80s. Pafupifupi 60% a FTD ndi anthu a pakati pa 45 ndi 64.
Arnold Pick anazindikira koyamba mapuloteni osadziwika omwe amapezeka mu ubongo (wotchedwa Pick's bodies) mu 1892. Mitembo ya Pick ilipo mu mitundu ina ya FTD ndipo imangowoneka pansi pa microscope panthawi ya autopsy.
Mitundu ya FTD
Matenda anayi omwe amagwera mu FTD ndi awa:
- Kusintha kwa khalidwe la Frontotemporal Dementia
Monga momwe dzina limatanthawuzira, khalidwe losiyana la FTD limakhudza kwambiri khalidwe, zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu asamagwirizane ndi zosayenera . - Aphasia Yoyamba Kupititsa patsogolo
Cholinga chachikulu cha mtundu uwu wa FTD ndi apasia , chomwe chikutanthauza kuwonongeka kwa chilankhulidwe cha chinenero. Izi zingakhudze zonse zomwe zingathe kulankhulana ndi kumvetsetsa. - Kukula kwa Pachimake kwa Supranuclear
Mphuno yotchedwa Supranuclear palsy imakhudza kuyenda ndi kuyenda, komanso mphamvu zamaganizo. Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu ndi kuyenda kosawona maso.
- Corticobasal Degeneration
Zizindikiro zowonongeka kwa chilengedwe zimakhala ngati zofooka komanso zofooka, ndipo zimayambira mbali imodzi yokha ya thupi. Mavuto ndi malingaliro ndi khalidwe amakhalanso ngati matendawa akupita patsogolo.
Zizindikiro za FTD
Anthu omwe ali ndi FTD nthawi zambiri amasonyeza khalidwe losayenera, monga malingaliro opanda nzeru, kusowa kuzindikira kapena kumvetsa chisoni, kusokonezeka, kuwonjezeka chidwi pa kugonana, kapena kusintha kwakukulu kwa zakudya zomwe amakonda.
Ena amawonetsa ukhondo wosasamala, ndemanga zobwerezabwereza kapena makhalidwe, mphamvu zochepa komanso zovuta. Angakhalenso ndi zovuta kapena zosalala , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nkhope zawo zimakhala zochepa kapena zosayankhula, kuphatikizapo chisoni, chimwemwe, kapena mkwiyo.
FTD nthawi zambiri imakhudza kuyankhula m'mawu onse omveka bwino (kutha kugwiritsa ntchito mawu kuti adziwonetsere nokha) ndikulankhula (kumvetsetsa mawu). Anthu angakhale ovuta kupeza mawu olondola oti alankhule, amalankhula mosasinthasintha komanso pang'onopang'ono, amavutika kuwerenga ndi kulemba molondola, osakhoza kupanga ziganizo mwanzeru.
Kusintha kwa Machitidwe
FTD nthawi zambiri imakhudza kuthetsa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ndege ndi zina zoyendetsa magalimoto. Anthu omwe ali ndi FTD akhoza kugwa kawirikawiri kapena kukhala ndi dzanja losafunika ndi kayendedwe ka mwendo kapena shakiness.
Chochititsa chidwi, kukumbukira kwa munthu ndi kumvetsetsa danga pozungulira iwo nthawi zambiri kumakhalabe kovuta, makamaka m'mayesero oyambirira.
Kodi FTD ndi Alzheimers Zimasiyana Bwanji?
Mu Alzheimer's, chizindikiro choyamba chimakhala kufooka kwa nthawi yochepa komanso kuvutika kuphunzira chinthu chatsopano. Mu FTD, kukumbukira kumakhalabe koyambirira poyamba; Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimaphatikizapo kuvutika ndi kuyankhulana bwino ndi maganizo, komanso mavuto ena a chinenero.
FTD ndi Alzheimers zimasiyana kwambiri ndi momwe ubongo umakhudzidwira. FTD imakhudza makamaka ubongo wa lobes ndipakati; pamene Alzheimer's imafika pamadera ambiri a ubongo.
FTD imalowanso achinyamata. Avereji ya zaka zoyamba za FTD ndi pafupifupi zaka 60. Ngakhale kuti anthu ena ali ndi vuto loyamba la Alzheimer's, ambiri mwa odwala ali opitirira 65 ndipo ambiri mwa iwo ali ndi zaka za m'ma 70 kapena 80.
Nchiyani Chimachititsa FTD?
Chifukwa cha FTD sichidziwika. Ngakhale kuti matenda ambiri a FTD amawoneka kuti akuwoneka mwadzidzidzi, majeremusi amachititsa nthawi zina. Pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya milandu ikhoza kubwereranso kusintha kwa jini imodzi.
Izi zimasinthidwa mwachindunji, kutanthauza kuti ngati amayi kapena abambo anu ali ndi jini yeniyeni ya FTD, muli ndi mwayi wopeza FTD 50 peresenti.
Owonjezera 20% mpaka 40% a anthu omwe amapezeka ndi FTD ali ndi mgwirizano wamtunduwu pamene achibale oposa awiri kapena kuposa amapezeka kuti ali ndi FTD.
Kudziwa
Mofanana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's , palibe mayeso omwe angathe kupeza FTD. Odwala amajambula zojambula monga MRI kapena PET ; kuyesa kulingalira kulingalira chidziwitso ndi luso la chinenero; kuyesa kayendetsedwe ka thupi; mwinamwake pamphepete mwa msana ; ndi mayeso ena a magazi. Kuzindikira kumaphatikizapo popeza zotsatira zonse za mayeserowa, kuwonetsa zina zomwe zimayambitsa vitamini B12 kapena matenda, komanso kuyerekeza zizindikiro zina ndi zina za FTD. Ndikofunika kuti katswiri wa zamagulu omwe amadziwika ndi FTD ndi mitundu ina ya chifuwa chachikulu chaumphawi ayenera kutenga nawo mbali muyesoyi popeza mbali zina za FTD zimatsanzira zovuta zina.
Kuchiza
Palibe mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti munthu adwale matendawa, choncho cholinga cha chithandizo ndikuteteza zizindikiro momwe zingathere. Madokotala angapereke mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pofuna kusokoneza matenda a Parkinson , kuphatikizapo Carbidopa / levodopa (Sinemet) . Nthawi zina khalidwe la FTD limayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala oletsa antipsychotic ngati njira zopanda mankhwala zilibe ntchito.
Mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, omwe amasankha kwambiri serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), asonyeza zothandiza pothandiza zina mwa zovuta kapena zovuta za makhalidwe a FTD. Madokotala ena amaperekanso mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kwa odwala Alzheimer, kuphatikizapo cholinesterase inhibitors . Komabe, kafukufuku sanawonetsedwe bwino mankhwala awa kuti akhale ogwira ntchito kwa FTD panobe.
Thandizo la ntchito komanso zakuthupi lingathandizenso odwala pothandizira kusunga kapena kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa magalimoto ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, pamene chithandizo cha kulankhula chingathandizire nthawi zina polephera kulankhulana.
Kuchuluka kwa Frontotemporal Dementia
Pafupifupi 10% mpaka 20 peresenti ya dementias yonse ndi FTD, yomwe imamasulira pafupifupi 50,000 mpaka 60,000 ku America. FTD ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri ya matenda a dementia kwa anthu akuluakulu osakwana zaka 65, ndipo ndi ofala kwambiri kuposa amuna.
Kuthamangitsani
Zovomerezeka za FTD ndizosauka. Kuyembekeza kwa moyo kumakhala pakati pa zaka ziwiri mpaka 20 mutatha kuchipatala, malingana ndi msanga wa kupita patsogolo ndi kupezeka kwa matenda ena. FTD siimayambitsa imfa, koma imapangitsa kumenyana ndi matenda ena ndi matenda ena ovuta.
> Zotsatira:
> Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration. Kudziwa.
> Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration. Kusintha kwa Frontotemporal.
> Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration. Genetics.
> Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration. Kodi FTD ndi chiyani?
> National Center for Information Technology, US National Library of Medicine. Health Med Pub. Matenda a Pick.
> University of California, San Francisco. Mafomu a Dementia Frontotemporal.
> University of California, San Francisco. Wokonzeka FTD.
> US National Institutes of Health. National Institute on Aging. Mitundu ya Matenda a Frontotemporal.