Sewero la Allen Cognitive Level (ACLS) ndi mayesero omwe amayesa momwe munthu angapangire zisankho, amagwira ntchito mwaulere, amatha kuchita bwino luso, ndikuphunzira luso latsopano. Kuwunika kumeneku kunayambitsidwa ndi Claudia K. Allen, pamodzi ndi anzake. Linatulutsidwa koyamba mu 1985 ndipo lasinthidwa kangapo kuyambira pamenepo.
M'malo mopempha kuti muyankhe mafunso angapo m'mawu kapena kupyolera pamapepala ndi mapepala ngati mayesero ambiri amalingaliro , yesero la ACLS likukupemphani kuti muchite ntchito zowononga pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe chachitsulo chakuda chokhala ndi mbali yowala, nsalu yayikulu yosasuntha ndi chikopa chachikulu chokhala ndi timagulu timene timene timapanga timabowo tomwe timapanga kale.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ACLS yomwe ilipo, kuphatikizapo yotayika kwa iwo omwe ali ndi nkhawa zowononga matenda ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu kwa iwo omwe ali ndi masomphenya ndi ogwirizana.
ACLS imachokera pazomwe akudziŵa za Allen, zomwe ndizomwe zimaphatikizapo miyeso kuchokera ku zero mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zomwe zimadziwitsa maluso osiyanasiyana ozindikira.
Kodi Ndi Ntchito Ziti Zomwe Zili M'gulu la ACLS?
ACLS ndi yachilendo chifukwa imagwiritsa ntchito ntchito yosokera kuyesa kuzindikira. Lingaliro la izi ndilokuti ntchito iliyonse imafuna kumvetsetsa pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kovuta kumaliza.
Kusinthana Kwachangu: Ntchito yoyamba ya ACLS ndikumangirira. Woyang'anira mayeso amasonyeza kusinthana ndikukufunsani kuti muchite zolemba zingapo mzere.
Whipstitch: Ntchito yachiwiri ya ACLS ndi whipstich. Apanso, woyang'anira chiwonetsero amasonyeza kusinthana, kutsimikiza kuti malangizowo akuwonekera bwino, ndiyeno amamufunsa munthuyo kuti apange magawo angapo pamzere.
Ntchitoyi ndi yophweka chifukwa kuwonjezera pakugwedeza kovuta kwambiri, mumapemphedwa kuti nthawi zonse pakhale mbali yachingwe cha chikopa chomwe chikuyang'ana mmwamba ndikuonetsetsa kuti sichipotoka.
Kulakwitsa Kukonzekera: Kenaka, woyang'anira chiyeso amatenga mzere wachikopa ndipo amasiya kusinthana molakwika, kupanga cholakwika chomwe chimatchedwa kulakwitsa-mkati-kumbuyo ndikukupempha kuti ukonze.
Woyang'anira ndiye amapanga zolakwika zina zokopa zomwe zimatchedwa kulakwitsa kwa laisi yopotoka ndikukufunsani kuti mupeze cholakwika ndikuchikonza.
Mzere wa Cordovan: Chotsitsa chotsiriza chikuwonetsedwa chimodzimodzi. Mosiyana ndi zoyambira ziwiri, woyang'anira mayeso sakuwonetsa momwe angapangidwire. M'malo mwake, angokuwonetsani chidutswa chokwanira kwa inu ndikukufunsani kuti mufanizire mfundo izi ndikupanga zitatu.
Kodi ACLS Ikoledwa Bwanji?
Kuwerengera kwa ACLS kumadalira kuthekera kumaliza ntchito zoperekedwa. Kuvuta kovuta kwambiri ndi ntchito yomwe yatsimikiziridwa bwino, ndipamwamba kwambiri.
Zambiri zaphatikizidwa kuti zikhale zofanana ndi zomwe zikuyang'aniridwa ndi chisamaliro chomwe chikafunika kuti chigwire ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Zambiri zimachokera pansi pa 3.0 kufika pamwamba pa 5.8.
Mapepala a 5.8 amatanthauza kuti, mumatha kugwira bwino ntchito yanu pakhomo panu. Mungapindule ndi maphunziro pa nkhani monga njira yabwino yoperekera ziwalo za thupi lanu kuti mupewe kupweteka kwapakukutukuka kapena kulingalira momwe mungaperekerere pamene mukutopa, koma tsiku ndi tsiku simukusowa thandizo lililonse .
Maphunziro osachepera 5.8 amasonyeza kuti mukufunikira kapena kupindula ndi mtundu wina wa chithandizo pa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Izi zingakhale zochokera kumsasa woyamwitsa ola la maola 24 kuti athandizidwe pakhomo pakhomo pothandizira ndi zochepa zochepa pa sabata.
Kodi Kusiyanitsa pakati pa Zomwe Zingaliro Zonse za Allen ndi Zowona Zonse Zowonekera?
Mlingaliro Wonse wa Allen : Mawonekedwe onse a Allen amadziwika bwino momwe angagwiritsire ntchito 0 mpaka 6. Mlingo uliwonse umatulutsanso zothandizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zithe kugwira bwino momwe zingathere ndi kubwezera zofooka zilipo pa mlingo uliwonse.
Mlingo Wodzidziwitse wa Allen : Vuto lonse la kulingalira kwa Allen ndilo ntchito yowunika kuti muyang'ane kumene mukugwirizana nawo.
Zambiri za ACLS zimangokhala pa 3.0 mpaka 5.8 chifukwa ngati muli ndi chidziwitso pansi pa zitatu, simungathe kutenga nawo mbali pazithunzizi. Masewera oyesa amasiya pa 5.8 mmalo mwa 6.0 chifukwa mayesero samayesa bwinobwino kukonzekera zam'tsogolo.
Makhalidwe a Allen
0 - Coma : Zero imasonyeza kuti simungathe kuyankha ndipo zimakhala zosiyana.
Kudziwa : Maphunziro kuyambira 1.0 mpaka 1.8 akusonyeza kuti kuzindikira ndi kuzindikira n'kovuta kwambiri. Chisamaliro chonse maola 24 pa tsiku ndi chofunikira.
2 - Kuthamanga Kwambiri kwa Mthupi : Mphindi pakati pa 2.0 ndi 2.8 zimatanthauza kuti kuyenda kwina kulipo, koma kusamalira maola 24 ndikofunika kuti tisawonongeke ndikuthandizira pazochitika zonse za moyo , monga kusamba , kudya, ndi ukhondo.
3 - Ntchito Zowonjezera : Zambiri pakati pa 3.0 ndi 3.8 zikuwonetsa kufunikira koyang'anira ndi kuthandizidwa ndi ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku. Kupereka ndondomeko, monga kuperekera mankhwala a mano, nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa zotsatira za kusamba mano.
4 - Ntchito Yodziwika : Njira ndizopindulitsa kwambiri ngati mutaponya pakati pa 4.0 ndi 4.8. Nkhani zotetezera ndi kuthetsa mavuto nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta; Komabe, kumadera apamwamba m'lingaliro lachinayi, mukhoza kukhala nokha ndi ndondomeko mmalo mwa zomwe mungachite (monga kutchula wokondedwa) ngati zinthu zosayembekezereka zikuchitika masana.
5 - Kuphunzira Ntchito Yatsopano : Mphambu pakati pa 5.0 ndi 5.8 ikuwonetsa kuti ngakhale kuti pangakhale kukhumudwa pang'ono , nthawi zambiri mumatha kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano ndikugwira bwino ntchito. Ngati muli pamunsi pa msinkhu uwu, mukhoza kupindula ndi ma cheki amodzi ndi mlendo kapena othandizira ena. Anthu omwe ali pamtunda amatha kugwira bwino ntchito ndikutha kugwira bwino ntchito.
6 - Kukonzekera Ntchito Yatsopano : Maphunziro a 6.0 ndi ofunika kwambiri a Zomwe amadziŵa onse a Allen ndipo amasonyeza kuzindikira bwino. Mwachindunji, mphamvu yanu yogwira ntchito ikutsogolerani kuti musankhe zochita mwanzeru ndi njira zovuta kulingalira kuti mukonzekere tsogolo lanu.
Kodi Zithunzi Zonse Zoganizira Zomwe Zili Zonse Zimasiyana Bwanji ndi Zowonongeka Zina?
Pali zowonongeka zambiri ndi zofufuzira zomwe zilipo kuti zitsimikizire luso la kulingalira. Zambiri mwa zojambulazi zojambula zofooka zozindikira ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a maganizo , kuphatikizapo matenda a Alzheimer , matenda a dementia , Lewy thupi laumtima , matenda a maganizo a frontotemporal , ndi zina.
Mosiyana ndi mayesero ena ambiri a zidziwitso, ACLS sichiyesa kuyerekezera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale kuti zingathe kuzindikira mavuto a maganizo monga dementia, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mozama poyesa luso la munthu kuti azigwira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. M'malo mowang'anitsitsa luso lalingaliro laling'ono komanso lalitali , kulingalira, ndi luso loyankhulana, limayang'ana kwambiri pa ntchito yogwira ntchito (zomwe zimaphatikizapo kupanga chisankho ndi chiweruzo) komanso momwe angathandizire kuti zikhale zowonjezera.
Mwachitsanzo, MMSE (kafukufuku wogwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri) imayesa malingaliro angapo amalingaliro ndipo imapereka mphambu. Komabe, sichimapereka malingaliro a momwe angathandizire munthu tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso samayesa kugwiritsa ntchito vutoli m'dera la chidziwitso kwa moyo weniweni.
Nthaŵi zina, munthu amatha kulemba payekha pa kuyesa kwa chidziwitso koma amachita zabwino kapena zoipira pa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku chifukwa chakuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumagwiritsidwa ntchito (kapena kusagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino) pamtundu weniweni.
ACLS imafuna kugwirizanitsa mpatawo komanso kupereka malingaliro enieni omwe angakuthandizire kuwonjezera maluso anu omvetsetsa pa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kuonjezera apo, zowonongeka zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wogwira ntchito, wogwira ntchito zamaganizo, kapena dokotala. Ma ACLS amachitidwa kawirikawiri, amatenga, ndi kutanthauzidwa ndi ntchito ya mankhwala, ngakhale ena angaphunzitsidwe.
Kodi Mayesowa Akugwiritsidwa Ntchito Bwanji?
A ACLS amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yowonetsera kuti adziwe momwe angagwiritsire ntchito chidziwitso ndi malo omwe ali otetezeka. Cholinga cha ACLS ndi kuyesa kugwirizanitsa ntchito. Kumvetsetsa koyenera kumatanthawuza malingaliro omwe amatithandiza kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Munthu wothandizira ntchito angapemphedwe kuti apereke ACLS kwa munthu yemwe ali kuchipatala chokonzekera kuchipatala kapena nyumba yosungirako okalamba pambuyo pa chipatala chifukwa cha kugwa ndi kupweteka kwa m'chiuno . Pulojekitiyi ingathandize kuzindikira, phindu lenileni, kuchuluka kwa thandizo lomwe munthuyo angafunike chifukwa sikuti limangopereka mpikisano, koma zotsatira zimaphatikizapo kutanthauzira momwe ziwerengerozo zingakhudzire luso lawo lokhalamo pakhomo ndikuchita zonse ntchito zamasiku. Malangizo angaphatikizepo kupereka chakudya ndi mankhwala , thandizo la ndalama ndi ntchito zapakhomo, kapena maola 24.
ACLS imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi achinyamata komanso achikulire kuti ayese kuzindikira momwe ntchito ikugwiritsidwira ntchito pambuyo pa kuvulala kwa ubongo, kubwezeretsedwa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena overdoses komanso matenda a maganizo monga schizophrenia.
Kodi ACLS Ndi yolondola motani?
Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti zotsatira za ACLS zili zolondola poyerekeza ndi momwe anthu alili odziimira okha ndi ntchito zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku. Iyenso yatsimikiziridwa poyerekezera ndi mayeso ambiri omwe amadziwika, monga MoCA ndi MMSE.
Kodi Kupindula ndi Kutaya kwa ACLS ndi chiyani?
ACLS ndi yothandiza chifukwa imayang'ana momwe zidziwitso zimakhudzira moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo zimayesa kupeza njira zothetsera luso lomwe latha.
Komabe, sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito yokha kuti apeze matenda a dementia. Mofanana ndi mayesero ena owonetsetsa, ACLS ikhoza kuyamikila zoyezetsa zina ndi zoyezetsa zamankhwala ngati matenda a kugwidwa ndi maganizo aumtima ali kuganiziridwa .
ACLS imafuna kugwiritsa ntchito manja onse awiri, komanso maonekedwe abwino ndi omvetsera. Choncho, ngati wina ali ndi zovuta m'madera onsewa, ACLS sichiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito.
ACLS ingasokonezedwe ndi kuphunzira kuyesa-retest. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati mwachita mayesowa poyamba, mukhoza kukhala okalamba pamwamba pake. Komanso, ngati muli ndi chidziwitso choyamba, izi zingakhudze momwe mukugwirira ntchito.
Mawu Ochokera
Kuda nkhaŵa za kukumbukira kukumbukira ndi kulingalira kungakhale kusokoneza nkhawa. Komabe, tikuyembekeza kuti mutonthozedwa mutadziwa kuti ACLS ikuyang'ana kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonzanso maluso omwe muli nawo, osati kungoonetsa vuto lomwe lingatheke. Kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zanu, mmalo mwa kudziwitsidwa komanso m'moyo wonse, ndi njira yofunika yosangalalira ndi kukonza umoyo wanu.
> Zotsatira:
> Allen, CK., Kulemala maganizo ndi kubwezeretsanso kubwezeretsa ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana.Journal Insurance Insurance, 23 (4), 1991. https://allencognitive.com/wp-content/uploads/Ed-Corner-Allen-Cognitive-Levels -ndi-Modes-of-PerformanceCombo.pdf
> Clancy, C. ndi Chapman, R. Othandiza Ogwira Ntchito a Dementia kupyolera mu Dementia Education and Training for Careers. https://www.fightdementia.org.au/sites/default/files/Final-DETC.pdf
> Earhart, C. The Allen Woganizira Zogulu. Mbiri Yachidule ya Mtundu Wokhumudwa Wopanda Chidziwitso ndi Zoyezetsa. http://allencognitive.com/wp-content/uploads/Click-on-Brief-History-of-CD-model-2013-2FINAL.pdf
Gulu la Allen Cognitive Group. Mayendedwe a ACLS-5 ndi LACLS-5: Maonekedwe a Psychometric ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zopangira Zochita Zowonekera. 2016. http://allencognitive.com/wp-content/uploads/CopyrightReportfPsychometricsACLS-5_3-21-2016.pdf
> American Occupational Therapy Foundation. Kafukufuku Wofunika: Kuzindikira Kogwira Ntchito. http://www.aotf.org/Portals/0/documents/About%20AOTF/Research%20Priorities%6%20Functional%20Cognition%20Case%20Statement.pdf